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PLANNING FOR PEACE IN IRAQ: WOMEN WANTED
June 8, 2003 (Herizons Journal) An international lobby
effort is underway to make sure that the needs of Iraqi women and girls
are not forgotten in the rebuilding of their country.
The time to act is now. According to the Netherlands-based Women Peacemakers
Program of the International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR) women's
participation is needed in the short term to help restore civil order,
to open corridors for humanitarian aid and to rebuild and equip maternity
hospitals and other health facilities.
Established five years ago, the Women Peacemakers Program is calling for
women around the world to lobby their national governments to work internationally
to ensure the establishment of a public office staffed with advocates
to receive, document and investigate complaints regarding gender-related
offences by both military and civilians.
Action is also needed to meet long-term equality objectives. According
to Women Peacemakers Program Officer Shelley Anderson, the Iraqi parties
favoured by the coalition forces as potential members in a transitional
government are all male and there are no plans in place to advance women's
political participation through rebuilding efforts.
Yet women have a history of involvement in Iraqi public life. Iraqi women
have had the right to vote since 1980, although this political right has
not been granted to women in other countries in the region. During the
early 1990s, women held about 10 percent of seats in the Iraqi parliament--a
figure close to the proportion of women in both the UK and US governments
in the same period.
"Women are urged to lobby their governments to demand that any Iraqi
advisory bodies formed towards the goal of planning a new government include
a minimum of 3o percent of Iraqi women," says Anderson. This minimum
target includes all posts in a transitional government, including public
security, oil and industry, finance and banking, and the development of
democratization initiatives.
Given the relatively high level of education in Iraq, Anderson believes
that the prospect of a civil society appears hopeful if women are involved.
The Women's Peacemaker Program is calling for the creation of independent
women's organizations, particularly to serve as rural and urban
neighbourhood organizations. Such groups could provide much-needed financial
support, leadership training, computer equipment and other resources.
Particular attention, Anderson notes, should be paid to the development
of non-governmental organizations to promote women's
political participation at all levels of government: local, provincial,
national, regional and international.
"Iraq needs peace in order to develop. and one of the best resources
for peace-building can be women," stresses Anderson.
Equally important is that those responsible for crimes of gender violence
during the previous regime be investigated and prosecuted so that the
cycle of impunity can end. "A gender perspective must be incorporated
into any considerations of a war crimes tribunal, or a truth and reconciliation
commission, or any similar initiative to deal with the abuses of the Saddam
Hussein regime."
An adequate witness protection program for women willing to testify against
crimes committed against them is an integral part of the women's peace
plan. "We urge that 30 percent of judges, police and prison officials
be women." Further, Anderson notes that although the United Nations'
work in peacekeeping and rebuilding societies in post-conflict situations
has not been unproblematic (in ensuring women's participation), the UN
possesses both a legal authority and a wealth of expertise in post-conflict
reconstruction.
For more information visit Women Peacemakers Program online at: http://www.ifor.org/wpp
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