Open Debate on the Impact of HIV/AIDS in Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• Brazil

  "The issue of HIV and AIDS is also closely linked to the Council’s consideration of women in conflict and post-conflict situations. In particular, the intersection between HIV and AIDS and conflict-related sexual violence is real and troubling. We deplore the grave harm caused to victims of sexual violence who find themselves infected with the virus as a result of such attacks and underline the need for the Council to act to prevent such acts and to help provide assistance to the victims."
  

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "We underline that UNAIDS, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the Department of Peacekeeping Operations  and other relevant actors  should work closely with local communities, targeting  vulnerable groups of persons. They can also be part of  broader activities for disarmament, demobilization and  reintegration and security sector reform in  peacekeeping efforts."

  
  

• Gabon

  "On the ground, we must raise awareness of the  parties to conflict regarding conduct towards civilian  populations in armed conflicts that may exacerbate the  spread of HIV/AIDS. It is also important to ensure the  operationality of the HIV/AIDS prevention and  treatment component in security sector reform  activities and in disarmament, demobilization and  reintegration mechanisms at the post-conflict stage.  Finally, we must also strengthen programmes to combat HIV/AIDS in peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions, and continue to ensure the effectiveness of zero tolerance measures."

  
  

• Germany

  "In the post-conflict transitional phase the transmission of HIV constitutes a particular danger. There is high population mobility after conflict, when displaced persons find refuge in camps, refugees return home and combatants are demobilized. Infected persons pose a high risk of contagion to their extended families and communities."

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "They are also providing technical support on HIV in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programmes. By making HIV prevention part of our DDR activities, we can protect civilians from HIV. We can reduce discrimination. And we can help former soldiers living with HIV get the care and treatment they deserve."

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "The AIDS response has also changed dramatically since 1308. Today, we have the capacity to provide wide-scale treatment and to target prevention to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. We see that post-conflict and transition periods bring an increased risk of HIV and for sexual violence to countries, and we understand how to address both of these challenges.  We have made progress; now we need to scale up. We have made progress; now we need to scale up. DPKO, in close collaboration with UNAIDS, wants to work with Member States on DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration) and SSR (Security Sector Reform). This can enable countries to benefit from a force of blue berets that is strong, healthy and fit for even the most difficult peacekeeping missions"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "Security conditions certainly influence the spread  of HIV, which has a negative impact on all sectors and  levels of society. It destabilizes the economy and  contributes to the instability of societies. The HIV  epidemic, exacerbated by conditions of violence and  instability, increases the risk of exposure to the disease  as a result of mass movements of people, widespread  uncertainty, reduced access to medical care, and  conflict-related sexual violence committed by members  of armed groups. Populations fleeing conflict areas,  displaced persons or refugees in camp settings are  more likely to be vulnerable."  

  
  

• Gabon

  "For some years now, Gabon has hosted numerous  refugees from conflict countries and can testify to the  effects of such migratory movements on the stability  and security of the host country. Indeed, sexual  violence is frequently used as a weapon of war, with  disastrous consequences. Given the established link  between sexual violence and HIV/AIDS in conflict and  post-conflict situations, civil populations —  particularly women and girls — are the first to be  exposed."  

  
  

• Germany

  "In the post-conflict transitional phase the transmission of HIV constitutes a particular danger. There is high population mobility after conflict, when displaced persons find refuge in camps, refugees return home and combatants are demobilized. Infected persons pose a high risk of contagion to their extended families and communities."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Furthermore conflict normally fosters the displacement of civilians, especially women and girls, increasing their exposure to HIV. In this context we believe there is a need to implement effective integrated programs that address both sexual violence, HIV prevention and AIDS treatment in conflict and post conflict settings."

  
  

• South Africa

  "These conditions increase exposure to ill-health and consequently could increase the risk of acquisition and transmission of HIV. These conditions disrupt access to basic amenities and haemorrhage fragile public and health systems. Women and children bear the brunt of these vulnerabilities generally, but more so in the context of conflict and displacement."
   

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "For our personnel, pre-deployment HIV training is standard.We have trained over 1,500 peacekeepers as peer counsellors.  The number of blue helmets seeking voluntary counselling and testing increased from fewer than 2,000 to more than 14,000 in just five years.  But we are not just helping our peacekeepers – they work so people recovering from war do not also have to recover from disease.  It is all part of the broader mission this Council entrusts to our troops: to stop gender and sexual-based violence; to enhance the role of women; and to protect children. And it is part of a broader international campaign: the Global Strategy on Women's and Children's Health. In conflict zones, in refugee camps - anywhere people fear for their lives - women, young people and children are more vulnerable to contracting HIV. "

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "It must be emphasized that in some situations  HIV can negatively affect and be an obstacle to gender  empowerment and the full involvement of women in  peacebuilding efforts. Greater protection of women and  girls has been emphasized through the adoption of  Security Council resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009),  1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010)."  

  
  

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "Lastly, I would like to emphasize that HIV/AIDS,  a disease that knows no boundaries, no gender or race,  or even age difference, has become a global concern.  On the other hand, world peace depends not only on  securing borders, but also on securing people against  threats and risks to their security. Through its work, the  Council is undoubtedly committed to seeking solutions  and to addressing the challenges that may arise.  Resolution 1983 (2011) is a clear expression of our  collective will and continuous efforts to enhance the  responsibility for maintaining international peace and  security."

  
  

• France

  " In 30 years, AIDS has killed some 30 million people and orphaned more than 16 million children. The Second World War is the only conflict to have claimed more victims and caused greater suffering. The
  international community is fully mobilized to fight this scourge. Eleven years ago, in resolution 1308 (2000), the Security Council recognized the pandemic as a threat to international peace and security for the first time. Since then, every time we have addressed the subject of AIDS, we have stressed the terrible consequences of the illness, which are not only social and human, but also economic. We have shed light on the obstacles it poses to countries attempting to recover from conflict, especially because it primarily affects women and girls, who play a fundamental role in rebuilding any society."
  

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Colombia

  "My country is convinced that the fight against HIV and AIDS benefits from an approach based on respect for human rights and the safeguarding of human dignity. It is necessary to redouble efforts to eradicate the stigma and discrimination that affected populations still suffer, and that are an obstacle to controlling the epidemic. It is also necessary to strengthen sexual education programmes that are based on respect for human rights and to encourage the exercise of sexual and reproductive rights with a clear gender perspective and respect for differences."
  

  
  

• Lebanon

  " A better understanding of that relationship is crucial for the development of effective and efficient strategies to reduce the risk of infection in conflict and post-conflict settings. Many factors in those settings may increase a population’s vulnerability to HIV. Massive and uncontrollable migration, the collapse of health services, the decline of literacy and access to basic prevention information increase a population’s vulnerability to HIV in times of war. Conflict-related sexual violence in particular accelerates HIV transmission, and often becomes an automatic death sentence for victims who too often have little or no access to health care."
  

  
  

• Portugal

  "Do not doubt, Mr. President, that an effective response to HIV and AIDS through the prevention of sexual violence in conflict and post conflict situations, will greatly contribute to increase the capacity of UN missions in their tasks of protecting civilians and furthering human rights."

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "Before resolution 1308 was adopted, uniformed personnel were viewed in terms of the risk they might pose to civilians.  Now we understand that UN troops and police are part of prevention, treatment and care. For example, we are working in Côte d'Ivoire, which has the highest prevalence of HIV in West Africa. The UN peacekeeping mission, UNOCI and UN co-sponsors are training troops and police on HIV, human rights and gender equality."

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• Portugal

  "It is important that countries increasingly harmonize pre-deployment and in-country awareness programmes, as it is as important to raise awareness of peacekeeping and peacebuilding personnel of the medical risks in the mission area, as well as their capacity to deal with them. We acknowledge the efforts already undertaken by the Department of Peacekeeping Support and the Department of Field Support in this area, including through In-mission induction training and education."

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• France

  " In this context, the Security Council has a particular responsibility — first of all, to act on the factors of the spread of the disease, in particular, sex abuse. Since the adoption of resolution 1308 (2000), the Security
  Council has been fighting against all forms of sexual violence against women and children, which involves a zero-tolerance policy, and has made every effort so that impeccable discipline is maintained within the
  ranks of the Blue Helmets and the United Nations civilian staff in peacekeeping missions. There is also the responsibility to take into account the challenges of HIV/AIDS during post- conflict and reconstruction phases, including with respect to the management of the displacement of populations."
  

  
  
•  

 UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UNAIDS

  "The AIDS response has also changed dramatically since 1308. Today, we have the capacity to provide wide-scale treatment and to target prevention to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. We see that post-conflict and transition periods bring an increased risk of HIV and for sexual violence to countries, and we understand how to address both of these challenges.  We have made progress; now we need to scale up. We have made progress; now we need to scale up. DPKO, in close collaboration with UNAIDS, wants to work with Member States on DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration) and SSR (Security Sector Reform). This can enable countries to benefit from a force of blue berets that is strong, healthy and fit for even the most difficult peacekeeping missions"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "It must be emphasized that in some situations  HIV can negatively affect and be an obstacle to gender  empowerment and the full involvement of women in  peacebuilding efforts. Greater protection of women and  girls has been emphasized through the adoption of  Security Council resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009),  1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010)."  

  
  

• Gabon

  "With respect to sexual violence, I stress the  importance of continuing to implement resolutions  1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), given that  the need to counter such violence, particularly towards  women and children, is an important aspect of the  processes involved in resolving conflicts and building  peace. Such action allows their full involvement in  these processes. To that end, it is desirable to create  synergy between policies to combat HIV/AIDS and  strategies to prevent sexual violence in conflict and  post-conflict situations. I take this opportunity to invite  the international financial institutions, in cooperation  with States, to mobilize further resources to build the  capacities of national health systems in order to ensure  that persons who are infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS enjoy adequate care and assistance"

  
  

• Portugal

  "Indeed, when these two elements are brought together, they have the potential to generate devastating consequences for whole regions and states, striking the most vital elements of society, namely their youth, including in particular women and children, specially when rape is used as a weapon of war and intimidation."

  
  

• Russian Federation

  "We must be aware that women and children  continue to be one of the most vulnerable categories in  the context of HIV, particularly in conflict and post- conflict situations. They are frequently either  combatants or victims of sexual exploitation by parties  to conflict. The epidemic also negatively affects the  potential of women to participate in conflict prevention  and settlement. A whole range of Security Council  resolutions on women, peace  and security have laid a  solid foundation for work in that area."   

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• UNAIDS

  "Tragically, we have seen the increased frequency of sexual violence used as a tactic of war. This new resolution is right in calling for HIV prevention among uniformed services to be aligned with efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict. The disproportionate burden of HIV on women is a serious obstacle to the full participation of women in efforts to prevent and resolve conflict and build peace. It is my hope that this new resolution will motivate all parties concerned to better empower women and strengthen capacities of national health systems and civil society networks to provide sustainable assistance to women infected or affected by HIV in armed and post-conflict settings."
   

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Security Council Resolution 1983

  "Notes that the disproportionate burden of HIV and AIDS on women is one of the persistent obstacles and challenges to gender equality and empowerment of women, and urges Member States, United Nations entities, international financial institutions and other relevant stakeholders, to support the development and order to provide sustainable assistance to women living with or affected by HIV in conflict and post-conflict situations"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "We commend the efforts made by UNAIDS and  the Department of Peacekeeping Operations with  regard to the education and training of peacekeepers.  There is a need to further strengthen the process of  voluntary counselling and testing in United Nations- mandated missions. Training peacekeepers in gender  awareness and child protection and the ability to  recognize and respond to sexual violence and  exploitation will not only influence their behaviour, but  also bring added value to the positive role of  peacekeepers as agents of change."  

  
  

• France

  " In this context, the Security Council has a particular responsibility — first of all, to act on the factors of the spread of the disease, in particular, sex abuse. Since the adoption of resolution 1308 (2000), the Security
  Council has been fighting against all forms of sexual violence against women and children, which involves a zero-tolerance policy, and has made every effort so that impeccable discipline is maintained within the
  ranks of the Blue Helmets and the United Nations civilian staff in peacekeeping missions. There is also the responsibility to take into account the challenges of HIV/AIDS during post- conflict and reconstruction phases, including with respect to the management of the displacement of populations."
  

  
  

• Gabon

  "It will be recalled that on 17 July 2000, the  Security Council, at the initiative of the United States  of America, adopted resolution 1308 (2000). Gabon, which had just ended a term on the Council, had  supported its preparation. Resolution 1308 (2000)  underscored the threat posed by the disease to the staff  of peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions. Conflicts  expose the issue of sexual violence that some  combatants use as a weapon of war and that is a  compounding factor."  

  
  

• India

  "We strongly support the orientation of the operational and peacekeeping activities of the United Nations towards recognizing the plight of women and children in conflict areas and proactively work towards preventing violence against them."

  
  

• Nigeria

  "We note with concern the consequences of gender-based violence related to HIV and AIDS, especially in conflict situations, as expounded by the Secretary-General and Mr. Sidibé. Nigeria joins the international community in ensuring that women and girls in conflict situations are adequately protected. A significant challenge, however, is the absence of formal modes of operations in the many unconventional military compositions, such as militias. That makes it difficult to mainstream HIV programmes into those operations
  and to evaluate progress. For that reason, among others, we welcome the inclusion of an awareness programme in the mandates of all United Nations peacekeeping operations."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Portugal commends the collaboration between DPKO and UNAIDS in addressing HIV and AIDS awareness among peacekeeping personnel, and believes that the United Nations should take the lead in setting the highest possible medical standards in protecting both UN personnel and the local population from this epidemic."

  
  

• Portugal

  "In this regard, we welcome the measures undertaken by DPKO aimed at improving the awareness programmes for peacekeepers and peacebuilders, and, in particular, having HIV and AIDS advisers and focal points in United Nations missions. We believe that DPKO and UNAIDS efforts will have to be further complemented by ensuring that the medical guidelines for operations are fully implemented."

  
  

• Portugal

  "It is important that countries increasingly harmonize pre-deployment and in-country awareness programmes, as it is as important to raise awareness of peacekeeping and peacebuilding personnel of the medical risks in the mission area, as well as their capacity to deal with them. We acknowledge the efforts already undertaken by the Department of Peacekeeping Support and the Department of Field Support in this area, including through In-mission induction training and education."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Likewise, the adoption of the comprehensive strategy to eliminate sexual abuse in United Nations peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations is a major step in the right direction. The zero tolerance policy in these missions stands also as a key factor in this area, while a comprehensive policy to prevent sexual abuse should extend to all fields of the United Nations’ work. Training in the prevention of sexual violence should be strengthened and integrated into policy and law enforcement practices."

  
  

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "We have come a long way since health issues were first discussed in this Council.  I continue to bring AIDS to the Council's attention on scores of occasions through my reports on sexual and gender-based violence and when we highlight the important contributions of women to peace and security. Whenever AIDS is part of the equation, the United Nations is working to be part of the solution. This began when resolution 1308 was adopted in 2000. Now, UNAIDS, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and a number of governments are training our blue helmets and troops in different countries to make a difference."

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "Tragically, we have seen the increased frequency of sexual violence used as a tactic of war. This new resolution is right in calling for HIV prevention among uniformed services to be aligned with efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict. The disproportionate burden of HIV on women is a serious obstacle to the full participation of women in efforts to prevent and resolve conflict and build peace. It is my hope that this new resolution will motivate all parties concerned to better empower women and strengthen capacities of national health systems and civil society networks to provide sustainable assistance to women infected or affected by HIV in armed and post-conflict settings."
   

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "Since 1308, we have come to understand that peacekeepers and the millions of people in uniform can play a leading role in HIV prevention as they secure peace around the world. Their extensive contacts with populations in conflict, post-conflict and other settings position them as agents of positive change—particularly with respect to preventing violence against women and girls in conflict. "

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  "We now understand that the risk of infection can be even greater in communities emerging from violent conflict. United Nations peacekeeping operations — with their military, police and civilian elements — are well placed to engage with vulnerable communities that have been affected by conflict in order to ensure that the epidemic does not gain a foothold among them. We believe that we should see UN peacekeepers as positive agents of change in our efforts to combat the spread of HIV and AIDS in post-conflict societies.  We encourage peacekeeping operations to incorporate HIV awareness in the execution of their mandates; such activity might involve awareness training for demobilised combatants, or HIV education programmes pursued in tandem with initiatives combating sexual and gender-based violence."

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  "In recent months we have discussed in this Chamber ways to combat the disturbing incidence of sexual violence used as a weapon against vulnerable communities. We have heard how sexual exploitation and abuse has the ability to prey on those parts of the community most vital for longer term peace and stability. The risk of HIV infection - the burden the disease can place on the very fabric of local communities - is an additional horror from which these communities require protection."

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "For our personnel, pre-deployment HIV training is standard.We have trained over 1,500 peacekeepers as peer counsellors.  The number of blue helmets seeking voluntary counselling and testing increased from fewer than 2,000 to more than 14,000 in just five years.  But we are not just helping our peacekeepers – they work so people recovering from war do not also have to recover from disease.  It is all part of the broader mission this Council entrusts to our troops: to stop gender and sexual-based violence; to enhance the role of women; and to protect children. And it is part of a broader international campaign: the Global Strategy on Women's and Children's Health. In conflict zones, in refugee camps - anywhere people fear for their lives - women, young people and children are more vulnerable to contracting HIV. "

  
  

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "Before resolution 1308 was adopted, uniformed personnel were viewed in terms of the risk they might pose to civilians.  Now we understand that UN troops and police are part of prevention, treatment and care. For example, we are working in Côte d'Ivoire, which has the highest prevalence of HIV in West Africa. The UN peacekeeping mission, UNOCI and UN co-sponsors are training troops and police on HIV, human rights and gender equality."

  
  

• Security Council Resolution 1983

  "Noting that the protection of civilians of by peacekeeping operations, where mandated can contribute to an integrated response to HIV and AIDS, inter alia, through the prevention of conflict-related sexual violence"

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "The AIDS response has also changed dramatically since 1308. Today, we have the capacity to provide wide-scale treatment and to target prevention to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. We see that post-conflict and transition periods bring an increased risk of HIV and for sexual violence to countries, and we understand how to address both of these challenges.  We have made progress; now we need to scale up. We have made progress; now we need to scale up. DPKO, in close collaboration with UNAIDS, wants to work with Member States on DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration) and SSR (Security Sector Reform). This can enable countries to benefit from a force of blue berets that is strong, healthy and fit for even the most difficult peacekeeping missions"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "We commend the efforts made by UNAIDS and  the Department of Peacekeeping Operations with  regard to the education and training of peacekeepers.  There is a need to further strengthen the process of  voluntary counselling and testing in United Nations- mandated missions. Training peacekeepers in gender  awareness and child protection and the ability to  recognize and respond to sexual violence and  exploitation will not only influence their behaviour, but  also bring added value to the positive role of  peacekeepers as agents of change."  

  
  

• Brazil

  "The issue of HIV and AIDS is also closely linked to the Council’s consideration of women in conflict and post-conflict situations. In particular, the intersection between HIV and AIDS and conflict-related sexual violence is real and troubling. We deplore the grave harm caused to victims of sexual violence who find themselves infected with the virus as a result of such attacks and underline the need for the Council to act to prevent such acts and to help provide assistance to the victims."
  

  
  

• Nigeria

  "We note with concern the consequences of gender-based violence related to HIV and AIDS, especially in conflict situations, as expounded by the Secretary-General and Mr. Sidibé. Nigeria joins the international community in ensuring that women and girls in conflict situations are adequately protected. A significant challenge, however, is the absence of formal modes of operations in the many unconventional military compositions, such as militias. That makes it difficult to mainstream HIV programmes into those operations
  and to evaluate progress. For that reason, among others, we welcome the inclusion of an awareness programme in the mandates of all United Nations peacekeeping operations."

  
  

• South Africa

  "In the short term, qualitative UN peacekeeping interventions should focus on achieving immediate gains that would mitigate the harmful effects of the epidemic. Decisive action to reduce and prevent conflict-related sexual violence might present a critical intervention in an integrated UN strategy. In the medium to long term, such interventions could take on a much more focused approach. An integrated global response combined with resources and expertise can help countries that require assistance develop strategies for preventing HIV infections, especially amongst women and children."

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "We have to talk about sensitive issues when it comes to HIV and AIDS. And we must be frank about where we are falling short.  The Council has made major strides in addressing sexual violence in conflict. But rape is still a weapon of choice. This is an atrocious human rights violation. It is a war crime. And it is a public health threat.Women and girls are extremely vulnerable as victims – but more than that, they are agents of progress and change.I urge all Member States to link efforts to combat HIV and AIDS with our campaigns against sexual violence and for the rights of women. That means addressing the dangerous interaction between AIDS, the international drug trade, sex trafficking and the abuse of women. This problem is not getting the attention it deserves. We also need action after the ink dries on agreements and the guns fall silent. We need to help shattered societies prevent the spread of HIV. And we must provide treatment to everyone who needs it."

  
  

• Security Council Resolution 1983

  "Recognizing that women and girls are particularly affected by HIV"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "It must be emphasized that in some situations  HIV can negatively affect and be an obstacle to gender  empowerment and the full involvement of women in  peacebuilding efforts. Greater protection of women and  girls has been emphasized through the adoption of  Security Council resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009),  1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010)."  

  
  

• France

  " In this context, the Security Council has a particular responsibility — first of all, to act on the factors of the spread of the disease, in particular, sex abuse. Since the adoption of resolution 1308 (2000), the Security
  Council has been fighting against all forms of sexual violence against women and children, which involves a zero-tolerance policy, and has made every effort so that impeccable discipline is maintained within the
  ranks of the Blue Helmets and the United Nations civilian staff in peacekeeping missions. There is also the responsibility to take into account the challenges of HIV/AIDS during post- conflict and reconstruction phases, including with respect to the management of the displacement of populations."
  

  
  

• Gabon

  "It will be recalled that on 17 July 2000, the  Security Council, at the initiative of the United States  of America, adopted resolution 1308 (2000). Gabon, which had just ended a term on the Council, had  supported its preparation. Resolution 1308 (2000)  underscored the threat posed by the disease to the staff  of peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions. Conflicts  expose the issue of sexual violence that some  combatants use as a weapon of war and that is a  compounding factor."  

  
  

• Gabon

  "On the ground, we must raise awareness of the  parties to conflict regarding conduct towards civilian  populations in armed conflicts that may exacerbate the  spread of HIV/AIDS. It is also important to ensure the  operationality of the HIV/AIDS prevention and  treatment component in security sector reform  activities and in disarmament, demobilization and  reintegration mechanisms at the post-conflict stage.  Finally, we must also strengthen programmes to combat HIV/AIDS in peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions, and continue to ensure the effectiveness of zero tolerance measures."

  
  

• Portugal

  "As we know, there is a high prevalence of HIV among women who have been victims of sexual violence and we cannot disregard this fact and its lasting consequences when we address peacebuilding strategies in post-conflict societies."

  
  

• South Africa

  "Peace building efforts need to incorporate strategies that address the context-specific needs of affected communities. These could range from new and prolonged conflict, post-conflict, refugee camps with people in transit or stable environments, the needs of armed personnel, humanitarian workers and most importantly women and children."

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "Security conditions certainly influence the spread  of HIV, which has a negative impact on all sectors and  levels of society. It destabilizes the economy and  contributes to the instability of societies. The HIV  epidemic, exacerbated by conditions of violence and  instability, increases the risk of exposure to the disease  as a result of mass movements of people, widespread  uncertainty, reduced access to medical care, and  conflict-related sexual violence committed by members  of armed groups. Populations fleeing conflict areas,  displaced persons or refugees in camp settings are  more likely to be vulnerable."  

  
  

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  "We commend the efforts made by UNAIDS and  the Department of Peacekeeping Operations with  regard to the education and training of peacekeepers.  There is a need to further strengthen the process of  voluntary counselling and testing in United Nations- mandated missions. Training peacekeepers in gender  awareness and child protection and the ability to  recognize and respond to sexual violence and  exploitation will not only influence their behaviour, but  also bring added value to the positive role of  peacekeepers as agents of change."  

  
  

• Brazil

  "The issue of HIV and AIDS is also closely linked to the Council’s consideration of women in conflict and post-conflict situations. In particular, the intersection between HIV and AIDS and conflict-related sexual violence is real and troubling. We deplore the grave harm caused to victims of sexual violence who find themselves infected with the virus as a result of such attacks and underline the need for the Council to act to prevent such acts and to help provide assistance to the victims."
  

  
  

• France

  " In this context, the Security Council has a particular responsibility — first of all, to act on the factors of the spread of the disease, in particular, sex abuse. Since the adoption of resolution 1308 (2000), the Security
  Council has been fighting against all forms of sexual violence against women and children, which involves a zero-tolerance policy, and has made every effort so that impeccable discipline is maintained within the
  ranks of the Blue Helmets and the United Nations civilian staff in peacekeeping missions. There is also the responsibility to take into account the challenges of HIV/AIDS during post- conflict and reconstruction phases, including with respect to the management of the displacement of populations."
  

  
  

• Gabon

  "It will be recalled that on 17 July 2000, the  Security Council, at the initiative of the United States  of America, adopted resolution 1308 (2000). Gabon, which had just ended a term on the Council, had  supported its preparation. Resolution 1308 (2000)  underscored the threat posed by the disease to the staff  of peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions. Conflicts  expose the issue of sexual violence that some  combatants use as a weapon of war and that is a  compounding factor."  

  
  

• Gabon

  "For some years now, Gabon has hosted numerous  refugees from conflict countries and can testify to the  effects of such migratory movements on the stability  and security of the host country. Indeed, sexual  violence is frequently used as a weapon of war, with  disastrous consequences. Given the established link  between sexual violence and HIV/AIDS in conflict and  post-conflict situations, civil populations —  particularly women and girls — are the first to be  exposed."  

  
  

• Gabon

  "With respect to sexual violence, I stress the  importance of continuing to implement resolutions  1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), given that  the need to counter such violence, particularly towards  women and children, is an important aspect of the  processes involved in resolving conflicts and building  peace. Such action allows their full involvement in  these processes. To that end, it is desirable to create  synergy between policies to combat HIV/AIDS and  strategies to prevent sexual violence in conflict and  post-conflict situations. I take this opportunity to invite  the international financial institutions, in cooperation  with States, to mobilize further resources to build the  capacities of national health systems in order to ensure  that persons who are infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS enjoy adequate care and assistance"

  
  

• Germany

  "UNAIDS estimates that HIV/AIDS prevalence is three to four times higher among armed forces and armed groups than among the general population. As we know, women and children are often the main victims of conflict. Rape, which is all too often used as a weapon of war, also adds to the spread of HIV among civilians. HIV adds to the stigma and discrimination these victims of sexual violence oftentimes face."
   

  
  

• Germany

  "In many conflicts, children are recruited and misused as soldiers, sexually exploited and abused. Under these conditions they are especially vulnerable to infection and therefore not only traumatized, but often also stigmatized for life. Germany is convinced that children deserve special protection in armed conflict and, if needed, must be provided with special HIV-related health care. We have set up a number of projects attending to former child soldiers and girls that have been sexually exploited by armed groups, including child mothers, and providing them with HIV counselling and care, for example in Eastern Congo."   

  
  

• India

  In this context I would like to refer to the abhorrent and intolerable practice of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, which could lead to the spread of HIV and AIDS.

  
  

• India

  "We strongly support the orientation of the operational and peacekeeping activities of the United Nations towards recognizing the plight of women and children in conflict areas and proactively work towards preventing violence against them."

  
  

• Lebanon

  " A better understanding of that relationship is crucial for the development of effective and efficient strategies to reduce the risk of infection in conflict and post-conflict settings. Many factors in those settings may increase a population’s vulnerability to HIV. Massive and uncontrollable migration, the collapse of health services, the decline of literacy and access to basic prevention information increase a population’s vulnerability to HIV in times of war. Conflict-related sexual violence in particular accelerates HIV transmission, and often becomes an automatic death sentence for victims who too often have little or no access to health care."
  

  
  

• Nigeria

  "We note with concern the consequences of gender-based violence related to HIV and AIDS, especially in conflict situations, as expounded by the Secretary-General and Mr. Sidibé. Nigeria joins the international community in ensuring that women and girls in conflict situations are adequately protected. A significant challenge, however, is the absence of formal modes of operations in the many unconventional military compositions, such as militias. That makes it difficult to mainstream HIV programmes into those operations
  and to evaluate progress. For that reason, among others, we welcome the inclusion of an awareness programme in the mandates of all United Nations peacekeeping operations."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Unfortunately, Mr. President, we are still confronted today with an increasing number of cases of sexual violence in the context of conflict, at a time when conflicts are themselves growing in number and intensity. When combined with HIV/AIDS, these situations become particularly explosive ones."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Indeed, when these two elements are brought together, they have the potential to generate devastating consequences for whole regions and states, striking the most vital elements of society, namely their youth, including in particular women and children, specially when rape is used as a weapon of war and intimidation."

  
  

• Portugal

  "As we know, there is a high prevalence of HIV among women who have been victims of sexual violence and we cannot disregard this fact and its lasting consequences when we address peacebuilding strategies in post-conflict societies."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Likewise, the adoption of the comprehensive strategy to eliminate sexual abuse in United Nations peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations is a major step in the right direction. The zero tolerance policy in these missions stands also as a key factor in this area, while a comprehensive policy to prevent sexual abuse should extend to all fields of the United Nations’ work. Training in the prevention of sexual violence should be strengthened and integrated into policy and law enforcement practices."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Do not doubt, Mr. President, that an effective response to HIV and AIDS through the prevention of sexual violence in conflict and post conflict situations, will greatly contribute to increase the capacity of UN missions in their tasks of protecting civilians and furthering human rights."

  
  

• Russian Federation

  "We must be aware that women and children  continue to be one of the most vulnerable categories in  the context of HIV, particularly in conflict and post- conflict situations. They are frequently either  combatants or victims of sexual exploitation by parties  to conflict. The epidemic also negatively affects the  potential of women to participate in conflict prevention  and settlement. A whole range of Security Council  resolutions on women, peace  and security have laid a  solid foundation for work in that area."   

  
  

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "We have come a long way since health issues were first discussed in this Council.  I continue to bring AIDS to the Council's attention on scores of occasions through my reports on sexual and gender-based violence and when we highlight the important contributions of women to peace and security. Whenever AIDS is part of the equation, the United Nations is working to be part of the solution. This began when resolution 1308 was adopted in 2000. Now, UNAIDS, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and a number of governments are training our blue helmets and troops in different countries to make a difference."

  
  

• South Africa

  "In the short term, qualitative UN peacekeeping interventions should focus on achieving immediate gains that would mitigate the harmful effects of the epidemic. Decisive action to reduce and prevent conflict-related sexual violence might present a critical intervention in an integrated UN strategy. In the medium to long term, such interventions could take on a much more focused approach. An integrated global response combined with resources and expertise can help countries that require assistance develop strategies for preventing HIV infections, especially amongst women and children."

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "Tragically, we have seen the increased frequency of sexual violence used as a tactic of war. This new resolution is right in calling for HIV prevention among uniformed services to be aligned with efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict. The disproportionate burden of HIV on women is a serious obstacle to the full participation of women in efforts to prevent and resolve conflict and build peace. It is my hope that this new resolution will motivate all parties concerned to better empower women and strengthen capacities of national health systems and civil society networks to provide sustainable assistance to women infected or affected by HIV in armed and post-conflict settings."
   

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "Since 1308, we have come to understand that peacekeepers and the millions of people in uniform can play a leading role in HIV prevention as they secure peace around the world. Their extensive contacts with populations in conflict, post-conflict and other settings position them as agents of positive change—particularly with respect to preventing violence against women and girls in conflict. "

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  "We now understand that the risk of infection can be even greater in communities emerging from violent conflict. United Nations peacekeeping operations — with their military, police and civilian elements — are well placed to engage with vulnerable communities that have been affected by conflict in order to ensure that the epidemic does not gain a foothold among them. We believe that we should see UN peacekeepers as positive agents of change in our efforts to combat the spread of HIV and AIDS in post-conflict societies.  We encourage peacekeeping operations to incorporate HIV awareness in the execution of their mandates; such activity might involve awareness training for demobilised combatants, or HIV education programmes pursued in tandem with initiatives combating sexual and gender-based violence."

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  "In recent months we have discussed in this Chamber ways to combat the disturbing incidence of sexual violence used as a weapon against vulnerable communities. We have heard how sexual exploitation and abuse has the ability to prey on those parts of the community most vital for longer term peace and stability. The risk of HIV infection - the burden the disease can place on the very fabric of local communities - is an additional horror from which these communities require protection."

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "For our personnel, pre-deployment HIV training is standard.We have trained over 1,500 peacekeepers as peer counsellors.  The number of blue helmets seeking voluntary counselling and testing increased from fewer than 2,000 to more than 14,000 in just five years.  But we are not just helping our peacekeepers – they work so people recovering from war do not also have to recover from disease.  It is all part of the broader mission this Council entrusts to our troops: to stop gender and sexual-based violence; to enhance the role of women; and to protect children. And it is part of a broader international campaign: the Global Strategy on Women's and Children's Health. In conflict zones, in refugee camps - anywhere people fear for their lives - women, young people and children are more vulnerable to contracting HIV. "

  
  

• Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon

  "We have to talk about sensitive issues when it comes to HIV and AIDS. And we must be frank about where we are falling short.  The Council has made major strides in addressing sexual violence in conflict. But rape is still a weapon of choice. This is an atrocious human rights violation. It is a war crime. And it is a public health threat.Women and girls are extremely vulnerable as victims – but more than that, they are agents of progress and change.I urge all Member States to link efforts to combat HIV and AIDS with our campaigns against sexual violence and for the rights of women. That means addressing the dangerous interaction between AIDS, the international drug trade, sex trafficking and the abuse of women. This problem is not getting the attention it deserves. We also need action after the ink dries on agreements and the guns fall silent. We need to help shattered societies prevent the spread of HIV. And we must provide treatment to everyone who needs it."

  
  

• Security Council Resolution 1983

  "Underlining the importance of concerted efforts towards ending conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence, empowering women in an effort to reduce their risk of exposed to HIV, and curbing vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child in conflict and post conflict situations"

  
  

• Security Council Resolution 1983

  "Noting that the protection of civilians of by peacekeeping operations, where mandated can contribute to an integrated response to HIV and AIDS, inter alia, through the prevention of conflict-related sexual violence"

  
  

• UNAIDS

  "The AIDS response has also changed dramatically since 1308. Today, we have the capacity to provide wide-scale treatment and to target prevention to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. We see that post-conflict and transition periods bring an increased risk of HIV and for sexual violence to countries, and we understand how to address both of these challenges.  We have made progress; now we need to scale up. We have made progress; now we need to scale up. DPKO, in close collaboration with UNAIDS, wants to work with Member States on DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration) and SSR (Security Sector Reform). This can enable countries to benefit from a force of blue berets that is strong, healthy and fit for even the most difficult peacekeeping missions"

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members

• UN Security Council Members

• India

  "We strongly support the orientation of the operational and peacekeeping activities of the United Nations towards recognizing the plight of women and children in conflict areas and proactively work towards preventing violence against them."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Portugal commends the collaboration between DPKO and UNAIDS in addressing HIV and AIDS awareness among peacekeeping personnel, and believes that the United Nations should take the lead in setting the highest possible medical standards in protecting both UN personnel and the local population from this epidemic."

  
  

• Portugal

  "In this regard, we welcome the measures undertaken by DPKO aimed at improving the awareness programmes for peacekeepers and peacebuilders, and, in particular, having HIV and AIDS advisers and focal points in United Nations missions. We believe that DPKO and UNAIDS efforts will have to be further complemented by ensuring that the medical guidelines for operations are fully implemented."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Likewise, the adoption of the comprehensive strategy to eliminate sexual abuse in United Nations peacekeeping and peacebuilding operations is a major step in the right direction. The zero tolerance policy in these missions stands also as a key factor in this area, while a comprehensive policy to prevent sexual abuse should extend to all fields of the United Nations’ work. Training in the prevention of sexual violence should be strengthened and integrated into policy and law enforcement practices."

  
  

• Portugal

  "Do not doubt, Mr. President, that an effective response to HIV and AIDS through the prevention of sexual violence in conflict and post conflict situations, will greatly contribute to increase the capacity of UN missions in their tasks of protecting civilians and furthering human rights."

  
  
•