Security Council Open Debate on Conflict Related Sexual Violence, February 2012

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  The very nature of violence during armed conflict requires that due attention be paid to all of its manifestations. The issue of women, peace and security should be addressed through a comprehensive approach, as set out in resolution 1325 (2000). Sexual violence is a particular manifestation of violence that clearly requires firm condemnation and severe punishment. The careful investigation of all incidents and the punishment of perpetrators is a guarantee of success in combating this egregious crime. Of particular concern are situations where sexual violence is widespread. However, sexual violence is far from being a root cause of an outbreak of conflict; it is, rather, a symptom of the impunity that prevails during armed conflict. Some of those situations, as we know, pose a threat to international peace and security, and it follows that they require the intervention of the Security Council. But attempts to artificially impose on the Security Council the duty to address the issue of sexual violence in all of its aspects will lead not only to imbalances in system-wide coherence but to an erosion of the legitimacy and importance of Council decisions on grave, complex and urgent issues.  Let us not forget that the issue of countering sexual violence is, in the framework of existing mandates, taken up not only by the Council but also by other United Nations bodies, in particular the General Assembly, the Human Rights Council and the Commission on the Status of Women. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretariat has increased and given greater weight to reports covering women’s issues. But, in our judgment, a consistent lack of information still exists regarding countries and specific situations of women in respect to this issue.

  It is important to note that communication and information between field missions and Headquarters should be open and immediate in order to make it possible to update data. Furthermore, to the degree that the gender perspective is entrenched in the context of armed conflicts, associated problems come to light, such as the lack of prevention and protection against abuse and all kinds of violence against women and girls, including sexual violence, as was eloquently indicated by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General at this meeting.

  In that regard, El Salvador agrees with other delegations and civil society organizations that the Secretary-General should be asked to include more systematically in all his reports on conflict situations broad information on acts of sexual violence and other gender-based acts against women and girls.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Kenya welcomes the leadership shown by Togo in holding this debate during its presidency. The United Nations is commemorating the twelfth year since the unanimous adoption of resolution 1325 (2000) and two years since the adoption of resolution 1960 (2010). My delegation notes with satisfaction the commitment shown by Member States, the United Nations system, civil society and other actors in implementing those and related resolutions. Those resolutions, together with other international instruments constitute the bedrock for women’s work on peace and security and also the basis for cooperation among all actors involved in this field. 

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  On the basis of these examples and this short introduction to the progress we have made in enhancing the role of women in the Sudan, let me now move on to the main focus of our discussion here today. We reject and stand firm against all practices of injustice and violence against women. In 2007, we adopted a national strategy that was developed in consultation with all relevant official and civic bodies, including governmental entities and representatives of civil society, including the civil society representative who sits on my right side here today. We appreciate her role in this regard.

  The national strategy adopted in the Sudan encompassed six areas of focus for measures to enhance and upgrade the status women, including peacebuilding and the preservation of rights, participation in decision-making, economic development, education, health, the environment, and dispute settlement. The strategy has been applied at all federal and state levels. The Government of the Sudan has established numerous specialized centres at all levels to coordinate the efforts of women in the fields of peace and development and to provide opportunities for consultation on promoting gender equity and the principles of equality.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  It is clear, however, that despite the progress achieved, violence against women in armed conflict persists, as is reflected in the most recent report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence. This is a reminder that a great deal remains to be done in order to achieve all of the objectives set out in resolution 1325 (2000), and that it is very important that the Security Council remain seized of this issue and take additional, vigorous measures aimed at strengthening the protection of women in armed conflicts.

  National ownership of the relevant resolutions of the Security Council remains the best way to ensure their effective implementation. In that context, it is up to States, first and foremost, to take the coercive and awareness-raising measures necessary to resolve the problem. Civil society organizations should also contribute significantly to strengthening the protection of women in that context, with a view to making it possible to amplify the voices of women victims of violence, break the silence on their suffering, and support the awareness-raising initiatives taken on their behalf.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Viet Nam is of the view that the diverse nature of violence against women and girls requires a comprehensive approach. The United Nations therefore plays an important role in coordinating with Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, especially UN-Women, civil society and other stakeholders, in promoting the recognition and integration of women in the area of peace and security and in intensifying international efforts to end sexual violence against women and girls in a coherent manner and with gender sensitivity

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) has worked with civil society and women  in particular to ensure that the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur included 

  provisions for the Government of the Sudan to take the steps necessary to deliver effective and timely justice for serious human rights violations, including sexual violence, and to prevent amnesty in cases of crimes of 

  sexual violence. (spoke in English) Progress has also been made in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where MONUSCO supports civilian and military prosecutors in investigating allegations of conflict-related sexual violence. In 2010 and 2011, MONUSCO undertook more than 30 joint investigation team missions with magistrates and police officers to investigate cases of sexual violence. MONUSCO also supported the holding of trials, so as 

  to strengthen the military justice system, including through mobile court proceedings in remote areas. As a result, 217 judgments on sexual violence were delivered in 2011. MONUSCO and partners also 

  support 39 legal centres, which provide free legal assistance to survivors of sexual violence and to their families. In 2011 more than 2,200 survivors received assistance.   

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

   May I add that when I was in the Democratic Republic of the Congo a month ago I visited an incredible place in Goma named Heal Africa. It is a hospital primarily devoted to treating victims of rape, 

  physically and psychologically, as well as to teaching them trades for them to live on after they leave the facility. It is through just that type of clinic that we can have a positive impact on the lives of unfortunate 

  victims. We should encourage such projects.  

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  We appreciate the ongoing work of numerous actors to combat violence against women. That includes the efforts of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual 

  Violence in Conflict. We  welcome the analysis and recommendations contained in the latest SecretaryGeneral’s Report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence. As the report makes clear, sexual violence is 

  often used as a weapon to torture, terrorize and threaten peace. It is important to remember that each paragraph of the report represents human beings — women, men, children and communities affected by 

  that threat to peace and security. That includes individuals from my community who, like most victims, have not received and likely will not receive proper services, protection, acknowledgement, justice 

  or accountability. This represents a collective failure of the international community to effectively respond to the threat. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The terms of the debate have shifted from reacting to sexual violence, like any other tragedy, to preventing it, like any other  threat. Instead of talking about women’s wartime suffering year after year after 

  year, protection mechanisms have been established. Instead of seeing the same few women in meeting after meeting, we are building a broad coalition. The circle of stakeholders now extends to 

  peacekeepers, peacemakers, war crimes prosecutors and the full range of protection actors. After all, it is at the moment of negotiating a peace deal, signing a ceasefire, training troops and sending peacekeepers on 

  patrol that such resolutions have a real-world impact. In short, the Council has ushered in an ideological 

  shift. When it takes notice, others do as well. A decade ago, my mandate to be present in the Chamber, addressing this subject, would have seemed improbable. Yet the Council has kept pace with the 

  changing dynamics of conflict. In contemporary wars, it has become more dangerous to be a woman fetching water or collecting firewood than to be a fighter on the 

  front line. Wars have entered the marketplaces where women trade; they follow children en route to school; and haunt the prison cells where political activists are detained. Accordingly, the Council has embraced a 

  view of security that includes the physical integrity and perspectives of women. During my visits to countries of concern, I have promised to bridge the voices of 

  those women to the work of this body. At the political level, such visits can initiate a dialogue for civilian protection commitments. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  While sexual violence disproportionately affects women and girls, men and boys also number among the direct and indirect victims. We need to ensure that our interventions are gender-responsive and communitybased. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States

• UN Security Council Members

• France

  February 23, 2012

  The effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security is a priority for France, which worked actively for their adoption. It also worked to strengthen attention to this issue within the European Union. At the national level, at the end of 2010 France adopted an action plan for the implementation of the resolutions on women, peace and security. We welcome the progress described in the report of the Special Representative regarding the establishment of institutional mechanisms to implement resolutions adopted by the Security Council. I point particularly to the progressive implementation of monitoring, analysis and communication arrangements, which will make it possible to gather information on sexual violence. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, we need greater resolve on ensuring the participation of women in all stages of peace processes. To take an example: the issue of sexual violence has not yet figured in most ceasefire or peace agreements. To start closing this gap an interesting new tool has been developed by DPA: New mediation guidelines, which take into account the issue of sexual violence. These guidelines, which of course cover other aspects as well, will be presented on 9 March in the German Mission. It is my pleasure to invite you all to attend this event. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   Finally, the European Union continues to implement its dedicated policy on women, peace and security, adopted in 2008, making use of tools as diverse as development cooperation, the Common Security and Defence Policy and political dialogue. The varied EU support to initiatives related to women, peace and security amounts to approximately €200 million per year. The European Union now has gender advisers or focal points in each of its crisis management missions around the world. We continue our work on specific training modules on human rights and gender in crisis management, ensuring a focus on sexual violence in armed conflicts. The EU continues to work closely with the United Nations — for example, through its support to UN-Women in carrying out the project “Women Connect across Conflicts”, which is aimed at building accountability for the implementation of the Council’s relevant resolutions.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

  Making real progress in our efforts against sexual violence in armed conflict requires greater emphasis on prevention and capacity-building. The only way to ensure that the progress achieved during the presence of a peacekeeping mission is sustainable is by working with national Governments to address their needs in the areas of institution-building, the training of personnel, supporting victims and strengthening the rule of law.

  We very much appreciate the work that has been done by the Team of Experts on Sexual Violence and the support it has been providing to Member States in strengthening their institutions. It is somewhat surprising that such crucial work is financed exclusively by voluntary contributions.

  Real change requires an integrated approach that combines prevention, the fight against impunity and support for victims. The United Nations needs to be prepared to support capacity-building and institutional strengthening as a system-wide priority if we want prevention to be effective and the scourge of sexual violence in armed conflict to be eliminated.

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  to avoid and lessen the harm suffered by women in armed conflicts, we should first of all prevent wars and reduce the number of conflicts. The Security Council bears the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. To safeguard the rights and interests of women, the Council should actively engage in preventive diplomacy and promote the settlement of disputes by peaceful means, including dialogue and consultations. The mandates of the Council’s resolutions should be comprehensively and strictly implemented. They must not be abused and, even less so, exceeded. Actions to provide protection for civilians should pay particular attention to avoiding further casualties among women and children. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  it is necessary to strengthen the participation of women in all stages of the peace process, pay attention to their status and roles, and further tap their potential. China supports women in playing a greater role in preventing and settling conflicts and in rehabilitation and reconstruction. China supports the United Nations in appointing more female senior officials, special representatives of the Secretary-General and special envoys, and especially in increasing female representation from the developing countries. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  the issue of women is that of development. In order to fundamentally solve various problems, including sexual violence, attention should be paid to promoting economic and social development, eradicating the root causes of conflicts and achieving the comprehensive development of women. The United Nations should actively promote the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals, increase support and assistance to developing countries and, in particular, pay greater attention to the reconstruction and development of post-conflict countries. 

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Colombia attaches the greatest importance to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of sexual violence in armed conflicts. As a result, we are resolutely determined to address this complex series of problems. Our national authorities as a whole are taking action to foster a culture of zero tolerance for violations of human rights, zero tolerance for violence against women and, in particular, zero tolerance for sexual violence. Colombia has legislation ensuring women a life free of any sort of violence in both the public and private spheres and an institutional structure capable of implementing such measures.

  Colombia’s Law No. 1448 of 2011, on care, assistance and full reparation to the victims of internal armed conflict — as highlighted by the Secretary-General in his report — sets out different measures and guarantees of non-recurrence for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence. This is a decisive step forward by the State to deal with these problems in a coordinated and consistent fashion.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the defence sector, many administrative provisions have been adopted aimed at preventing and punishing abuse, such as Ministry of Defence Directive No. 11 of 2010, which is aimed at reasserting compliance by armed forces with regard to their obligation to prevent all forms of violence against women and children, specifically violent sexual acts, as well as Directive No. 7 of March 2011, on combating impunity.

  In order to strengthen the measures adopted in those instruments, coordinated work is being done with the United Nations, the High Adviser for Women’s Equality and other State bodies in order to define additional measures of prevention in accordance with experience gained on the ground and international standards.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   We commend the coordination and cooperation envisioned in the implementation of those arrangements with the relevant parts of the United Nations system, including the monitoring and reporting mechanism on children and armed conflict, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the human rights components of the United Nations peacekeeping missions. We welcome the finalization of the terms of reference of the women’s protection advisers and call for their swift designation within the United Nations missions’ human rights and gender components. Preventing sexual violence should be our utmost priority. We therefore welcome the development of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence and the scenario based pre-deployment training modules by the United Nations system, which we hope will enhance the capacity of the peacekeepers to respond. A holistic approach that includes women’s full participation in decision-making in peace and security is key to effectively preventing and responding to sexual violence.

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Prevention is an important aspect of the SRSG’s mandate, the Security Council needs to be properly informed about all possible threats to peace and security.  

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  What more can the Security Council, UN organizations and Member States do? First, our key goal should be prevention and not mere reaction. To facilitate such an approach, exact and reliable data and early-warning mechanisms, as mentioned in the Secretary General’s report, are crucial. Awareness-raising and training, especially for peace-keepers and police-officers should also be high on our agenda. Whenever a peacekeeping mandate is renewed, this Council needs to make sure that it also contains provisions to monitor sexual violence. Another aspect often overlooked when discussing prevention of violence, but mentioned today by the SRSG, are small arms: There is some evidence that, especially after an armed conflict, the ready availability of small arms increases the threat of their use especially against women and children. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We applaud some of the conceptual advances contained in the Secretary-General's Report, in proposing a more detailed characterization on the scope of conflict-related sexual violence, based on the analysis and trends of some twenty situations on the ground. This offers a greater basis for preventive measures and the possible use of early warning systems, as well as improvement in the access of services for victims – or, to use the term of the Report, survivors -of this phenomenon.  

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  It is a matter of deep regret that the international community must repeatedly debate the issue of sexual and other forms of violence against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. That abhorrent behaviour, whether perpetrated by the parties to the armed conflict or by others, must be unequivocally, unambiguously and resolutely condemned. There should be no tolerance for gender-based violence. All such cases must be investigated and the perpetrators prosecuted. Some argue that human rights law and international humanitarian law do not offer enough protection to women and children. Such postulation is a bit extreme. Women’s rights and needs have received the attention they deserve in the codification of international law. The challenge is the effective implementation of the laws and the availability of adequate resources for capacity-building wherever required. That alone will ensure the real impact of our 

  efforts on the ground. By definition, it is States that are parties to the treaty-based system of international law. By and large, they respect them, and when they do not, penalties arise under provisions of the relevant treaties. However, the most egregious crimes against women in times of conflict have been and are being committed by non-State actors, often warring against Governments. They obey no laws and, as experience has shown throughout the past decade, are immune to coercive or punitive measures. The Council therefore needs to consider, in practical terms, how non-State actors, who are responsible for the bulk of the crimes that continue to be committed against women, can be effectively tackled. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General, in his report, referred to efforts to establish a framework of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence. The United Nations has also developed a set of indicators as global markers of progress in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000). We have taken note of those efforts. The development of such indicators, benchmarks and guidelines should involve a process of broad intergovernmental scrutiny and approval before their eventual adoption. In that connection, one must be cognizant of the difficulty in obtaining credible and verifiable data from conflict situations.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, prevention is always key. The SecretaryGeneral’s report also serves this purpose, as it provides the information needed not only to react, but first and foremost to prevent. We look forward to the progressive strengthening of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements mandated by resolution 1960 (2010). We also encourage the adoption of national and regional early warning systems that could draw upon the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence.

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  The report also mentions the development of a framework for early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence, with the aim of integrating the analyses yielded by the framework into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response. It should be ensured that such a mechanism works strictly within the mandate and under the guidance of the Security Council to obviate politicization.  

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Let me conclude by saying that, our questions notwithstanding, Pakistan attaches the highest importance to and supports this important mandate. We would like to stress the need to strengthen the rule of law through a focus on national judicial systems, better training for peacekeeping troops and local police forces, and the increased participation of women in all peacemaking, peacebuilding and peacekeeping processes to help end sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. We are also supportive of the recommendations made by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the need to take steps for the legal, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims of sexual violence, as well as efforts to strengthen institutional safeguards against impunity for perpetrators.  

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Indeed, a Council that is better informed is also in a better position to take effective action. With sufficient information, the Council will be able to take preventive steps in a timely manner. But the Councilnow will also need to take action with regard to those parties listed in the annex of the Secretary-General’s report, which are, and I quote, “credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape andother forms of sexual violence”. The Council has already passed a clear message to assure the perpetuators of sexual violence that the Council adopts sanctions against perpetrators who have been identified or who are credibly suspected of committing sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on its agenda. The Council should be consistent and reinforce that message concerning other individuals in similar circumstances. 

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa attaches great significance to the subject matter under consideration, and we wish to express our sincere gratitude to the Secretary-General, the Special Representative and the entire United Nations team that continues to work hard to ensure that this scourge is completely eradicated. We would like to commend the excellent job done by the United Nations and the Special Representative to highlight the challenges of sexual violence in conflict-affected areas. Africa continues to bear the brunt of this evil, given its high share of the number of conflict areas. This scourge has to be completely eradicated sooner than later.

  South Africa remains deeply concerned about the continuing trends of sexual violence in armed conflict and post-conflict situations, in particular the deliberate targeting of civilians, especially children. It is a fact that women and girls are disproportionately affected by the scourge of violence.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has understood that there can be no security without women’s security. The aim is not only to protect women from violence; it is to protect them to participate in public and economic life. Rape has a 

  chilling effect on women’s political participation, casting a long shadow of trauma and terror. It can inhibit their access to polling booths and public squares. We must send a message that women’s lives, 

  votes and voices count and will be counted.  Certainly, the women I have met cannot be caricatured as passive victims. They have fought daily wars — not for medals and monuments, but battles for 

  bread, to feed their children and to make their presence felt. I am particularly concerned, at this historical juncture, that unless women can shape their own political and personal destiny, the Arab Spring will turn 

  into a winter for Arab women.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  In addition to those measures, which are aimed at preventing violence against women in conflict, my country reiterates the urgent need to put an end to impunity if we are to ensure that every society in the thrall of conflict, wherever it may be, draws lessons from the atrocities committed against civilians and prevents such atrocities from being repeated. In that regard, Togo welcomes the steps taken by the Secretary-General to ensure that the zero-tolerance policy regarding exploitation and sexual violence in United Nations peacekeeping operations, in conformity with paragraph 7 of resolution 1820 (2008), does not remain an empty term. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country also supports the main initiatives launched by the United Nations to combat sexual violence in times of conflict, as set out in the report. These efforts include scenario-based pre-deployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence; analysis of early warning signs of sexual violence in times of conflict, with the aim of integrating that analysis into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response; and addressing conflict related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  To combat and especially to deter the perpetration of such acts, Togo believes that the countries concerned must build an arsenal of justice, such as national or hybrid criminal courts and tribunals, turning, if necessary to the International Criminal Court, with scrupulous respect for the principle of complementarity, which maintains the primacy of national jurisdictions.

  My country also believes that the affected countries could resort to extrajudicial mechanisms and methods of reconciliation, that is, to truth, justice and reconciliation commissions and roundtables. These mechanisms can help not only to solidify the principle of the individual responsibility of perpetrators of serious crimes, but also to promote peace, truth, reconciliation and the rights of victims.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  It is important that this Council takes into account information on conflict-related sexual violence when considering post-conflict situations and other situations of concern. However, conflict related sexual violence is not confined to countries on the Security Council agenda as we see incidents or patterns occur in other settings. The SRSG must be able to address conflict related sexual violence wherever a pattern or trend exists as an early warning sign of conflict. These crimes must be reported, addressed and punished and the survivors must be treated with dignity throughout the reporting process. We recognize the good work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law. They support member states to strengthen the rule of law as well as institutional safeguards against impunity, by working with them to improve rule of law processes and ensuring that those committing sexual violence are brought to justice. It is not until impunity has been combated that the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence are brought to account, that justice will have been done. All parties to conflict must learn that it is the perpetrator and not the survivor who will pay the price. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, we welcome the development of a framework of early-warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence, as well as the ambition to integrate this analysis into existing and emerging early-warning andprevention systems. Early-warning and prevention systems are vital tools in both preventing and in tackling conflict related sexual violence. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence demonstrates the importance of having a Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. In just the past year, she was able, together with the Team of Experts, to assemble the evidence available in the report, and to begin to address some of the horrors it describes. From the beginning, the United States has supported the Special Representative and the Team of Experts, both 

  in advocating their mandates and financing their work. It is time and money well spent.  The Special Representative has, first of all, gathered facts. We now know how rape was used to humiliate and punish during the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. We know now that 625 cases of sexual violence by warring parties were recorded by the United Nations from December 2010 to November 2011 in the North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale 

  provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We have before us figures, dates, names of perpetrators and perpetrating forces in those countries, as well as in Burma, Somalia, the Sudan and South Sudan. We also now have information, sometimes very extensive information, about sexual violence perpetrated in post-conflict situations and situations of civil unrest, in the Central African Republic, Syria, Guinea, Nepal and elsewhere.  The Special Representative and the Team of Experts have demonstrated the extent of the problem. Their work is also increasing awareness of the issue and encouraging best practices. In the reporting period, more than 150 people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from various types of security forces, were sentenced after trial to punishment for crimes of sexual violence. A total of 9,534 Congolese survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces, including at least 1,700 children, received medical and psychosocial support. Congolese officers in two conflict-affected provinces are now receiving training from the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), to train their own soldiers on how to prevent sexual violence and deal properly with witnesses and victims. Those training modules will become the national standard for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

   In Côte d’Ivoire, the Special Representative received a commitment from the President of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that reparations for victims of sexual violence would be part of the Commission’s mandate. In Liberia and South Sudan, the Team of Experts has worked with national justice sectors on sentencing guidelines, the training of police, constitution-drafting and a host of other initiatives.  That is what the Office of the Special Representative is for. The Security Council’s mandate is clear and the Special Representative has been forthright in carrying it out. She deserves our strong support.  The problem, unfortunately, remains vast. We have only begun. Impunity is still alarmingly common. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sheka Ntabo Ntaberi ran as a candidate for office even as a warrant was out for his arrest for sexual violence. In Guinea, as detailed in the Secretary-General’s report, two men connected to the violence of September 2009, which included sexual violence, have since been given high Government positions. Such impunity should not be tolerated. Apart from keeping a sharp focus on ending impunity, we need to build our institutional capacity for early warning. We applaud the efforts of the Special Representative, of United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, and of UN-Women to develop an early warning framework.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  As Council members, we need to make combating sexual violence part of our discussions with briefers so that it becomes an integral part of our practice. We have recognized for some time that conflict-related sexual violence is a security issue, but the Secretary-General’s report places that matter beyond dispute. As is shown quite clearly, it is a security matter that impacts entire countries, as well as individual communities, families and individuals.  

  It is also one that very much affects men and boys, as well as women and girls. The report shows that in many places, men are forced to watch as their wives and daughters are being abused. There are numerous cases of men and boys being sexually attacked by other men as a deliberate tactic of conflict. This is a security issue, not a women’s issue. We must treat it as such and develop the same strategies of early warning and prevention that we use for other security threats.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  For example, the United States believes that it is crucial to increase women’s  participation in security forces involved in preventing conflict and building peace as one way to reduce conflict-related sexual violence. The United States funds and implements the Global Peace Operations Initiative, which has facilitated the training of 2,451 female peacekeepers worldwide. The Initiative supports instruction on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse. Beginning last year, we have supported the pre deployment training of Peruvian women peacekeepers focused on women, peace and security issues, in support of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. In Afghanistan, United States and Afghan officers provide instruction and mentoring to female soldiers in the Afghan National Army. In 2014, 10 per cent of the Afghan Military Academy’s class will be women. There are already more than 1,200 women serving in the Afghan National Police, many of whom serve in leadership positions. Preventing and combating conflict-related sexual violence is central to building lasting peace and brighter futures for countries undergoing and emerging from conflict. I cannot stress enough what a critical concern this is for my Government. Sexual violence must cease to be used as a tactic of war and intimidation. For the sake of the vulnerable and for the honour of nations, we, as the Council, must continue to support efforts to end this scourge.

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  The second element is the interconnectedness of sexual violence and other atrocities. While sexual violence is embedded within the definition of war crimes and crimes against humanity, the international community should take a holistic approach to those atrocities, as they cannot be separated from one another. Furthermore, every atrocity is spawned from the all-encompassing destruction of society caused by war. We cannot truly stop atrocities such as sexual violence without ending the violence, war and conflict that breed them.
  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  During the past decade, particular attention has been paid to addressing some of the specific crimes experienced by women and girls during armed conflicts, namely, rape, trafficking, enforced prostitution and enslavement. It is critical to ensure accountability for past and present crimes, and to not grant immunity to perpetrators. Otherwise, we would be providing amnesty for future crimes. In that regard, Armenia is encouraged by the report of the Secretary-General, which for the first time includes an annex that lists the parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Such reporting and systematic data collection are critical, because crimes of sexual violence remain underreported due to stigmatization and fear of reprisals. We hope that such measures will promote accountability and that they will provide timely and reliable analyses based on which the Security Council can carry out its responsibility to protect civilians from conflict-related sexual violence. We cannot address sexual violence, however, by simply naming and punishing offenders. More fundamental changes are needed on institutional and societal levels as well.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We know that conflict situations are usually characterized by the breakdown of law and order. The impunity that can prevail in such situations has a particularly devastating impact on the victims of sexual violence. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence is critical to changing behaviours. The increased engagement of the Council with the parties listed in the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) is an important element in developing such cultures of accountability, as is the consideration by sanctions committees of targeted and graduated measures against persistent perpetrators of violence. 

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Some initiatives of the global community in the first decade of its adoption have been praiseworthy. The establishment of a new body, UN-Women, and the appointment of a Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict have been two significant developments that have placed women at the top of the global agenda. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has also undertaken commendable steps for the better protection and enhanced participation of women.

  The situation is far from satisfactory, however. We are disappointed to note that violence against women and girls is still prevalent in many parts of the world suffering from armed conflict. Women and girls, we all know, suffer most as victims of such conflicts. Their suffering is compounded when they are ignored or marginalized in peace processes. Women are too often excluded from both the negotiations that make peace and the institutions that maintain it. We underscore the need to do more to ensure the safety and security of women and girls, particularly during conflict situations and in their aftermath.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, the third recommendation that I wish to underline concerns prevention, which is often more effective than reparation. That is why Belgium supports any initiative aimed at adopting early warning systems that could detect risks of imminent sexual violence in regions affected by conflict. 

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  While recognizing that national justice systems may be significantly weakened in conflict and post conflict situations, we realize that inaction could send a wrong message, namely, that sexual violence is tolerated. We therefore call upon all concerned to refrain from such human rights abuses, and instead to promote respect for international humanitarian law and non-violent forms of conflict resolution, and to cultivate a culture of peace.

  The importance of demonstrating our commitment and political will to prevent sexual violence, combat impunity and enforce accountability by prosecuting those responsible for perpetrating such crimes against civilians cannot be overemphasized. In addition, we wish to stress the importance for States, with the support of the international community, of strengthening efforts to implement the policy of zero tolerance for sexual violence, and to increase access to health care, psychological support, legal assistance and socio-economic reintegration services for victims of sexual violence, in particular in rural areas, taking into account the specific needs of women and children, including those with disabilities.
   

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada urges the Council to consistently address conflict-related sexual violence in its work, including by ensuring that preventing and responding to sexual violence is part of the mandated tasks of United Nations peacekeeping operations. In the upcoming mandate renewals of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya and the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan next month, mandate elements addressing sexual violence should be strengthened.

  Canada supports the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the use of the early warning indicators that are being piloted for use in select projects, including operations in South Sudan and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, we need to pay greater attention to sexual violence in post-conflict settings. While many incidents of sexual violence have been reported after the end of conflict, it is regrettable that few ceasefire or peace agreements include provisions for conflict-related sexual violence. As the report of the Secretary General rightly points out, the inclusion of such provisions can increase the durability of peace by mitigating security fears, as well as addressing the sexual violence itself. In that regard, we welcome the publication by the Department of Political Affairs of the United Nations Guidance for Mediators on Addressing Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in Ceasefire and Peace Agreement. We encourage United Nations envoys and mediators to ensure that conflict-related sexual violence is properly addressed in preventive diplomacy efforts, mediation and peace processes, based upon the Guidance.

  Thirdly, more attention needs to be given to the prevention of conflict-related sexual violence. Sexual violence is not a corollary of conflict, but it can be prevented. In that regard, we note with appreciation a series of recent United Nations initiatives to that end, including the development of scenario-based predeployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence in peacekeeping operations. In addition, we welcome the development of a framework of early warning signs that are specific to conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that Member States, donors and regional organizations, for their part, need to enhance their efforts to strengthen national and regional prevention mechanisms, drawing upon, as appropriate, the United Nations early-warning system and training courses.

  As a member of the Group of Friends of resolution 1325 (2000), the Republic of Korea has actively engaged in the international cooperation for the prevention of sexual violence against women and girls in conflict and post-conflict situations. In the firm belief that proper training for peacekeepers is indispensable to preventing and responding to sexual violence in conflict situations, the Korean Government has been bolstering its predeployment gender training for military and police personnel deploying to United Nations peacekeeping operations. The Korean Government has also strengthened its efforts to enable those personnel to have a better understanding of gender and cultural differences in the traditional and historical context of the host communities by carrying out cultural-awareness and sensitivity training.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   It is crucial to sustained peace and development that we address impunity for sexual violence. It is the duty of all States to investigate and prosecute those crimes. We commend the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law, including their support to countries in ending impunity — for example, through assistance to prosecution support cells established by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the deployment of female magistrates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We also encourage the Council to use all means at its disposal to end impunity for sexual violence in conflict, including through referrals to International Criminal Court, mandating commissions of inquiry and by explicitly condemning such violations.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  Predeployment gender-related training for peacekeepers is also significant in contributing to a more enhanced understanding of the protection of women and children by United Nations peacekeepers. The gender training workshop for peacekeepers that will be held in Indonesia next April is part of such efforts.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

   

  As the Special Representative has pointed out on many occasions, sexual violence
  is never a by-product of conflict, and it can be prevented. We should focus more
  on the prevention side of the issue. Japan welcomes the framework of early
  warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence that has been
  developed based on collective analysis by the broader membership of the United
  Nations system. We encourage all stakeholders to incorporate the framework of
  early warning indicators into their immediate responses to conflict. We also
  expect that the Secretary-General’s next report will include more analysis on
  the root causes of conflict-related sexual violence from the perspective of
  prevention.

   

  Finally, I would like to underline the important role played by United
  Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, a network of 13 United
  Nations entities chaired by Special Representative Wallström. United Nations
  Action is the key to a comprehensive and coordinated approach to preventing and
  responding to conflict-related sexual violence. Japan welcomes United Nations
  Action’s strategic framework for 2011-12, which specifies the leading entities
  for each action. We expect that United Nations Action will further strengthen
  its network and activities on the ground, particularly by making tangible the
  positive changes for the survivors of conflict-related sexual violence.

   

   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Violence against women in all its manifestations must be dealt with firmly and decisively. In that regard, my delegation reiterates Kenya’s commitment to the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and the follow-up resolutions.

  Sexual abuse is perhaps the most dehumanizing crime known to humankind. The international community currently has the framework to bring about more action and visibility to address this heinous crime in times of conflict. Prevention is the cornerstone of any strategy to address the challenges that society faces. We therefore must address the underlying causes of conflict that provide the springboard for redressing sexual abuse cases.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Preventive diplomacy as an intervention must be undertaken expediently to protect potential victims and to nip any kind of possible impunity in the bud. The Council has previously recognized a critical link between security issues and socio-economic concerns such as poverty, disease and environmental degradation. We believe that countries must systematically integrate and mainstream women specific issues in all action plans in order to tackle the growing problem of sexual and gender-based violence during conflict and even in peacetime. The need to mainstream a gender perspective into peacekeeping and peacebuilding initiatives cannot be overemphasized. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Following the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, the Government set out an ambitious plan to put in place a new Constitution and build and strengthen institutions of governance that would be accountable to and responsive to the needs of its citizens. In clear recognition that all human development and human rights issues, including peace and security, have gender dimensions, Kenya has made great advances in mainstreaming gender in its institutions of governance. Indeed, arguably, such advances have not been made by any country in such a short period of time and during peacetime.

  The judiciary is now fiercely independent; the investigation and prosecution branches have been revamped. A new Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission has been established to better manage elections. Other institutions, such as the National Cohesion and Integration Commission and the Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution, have also been established and are currently monitoring the pace and quality of reforms, including the enactment of necessary legislation to avert any recurrence of events similar to those of 2007.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the start of implementation in the field, of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and hope that the difficulties remaining in collecting and verifying information and in establishing shared databases will soon be resolved.

  We fully support the new United Nations initiatives in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence, in particular the development of early warning indicators to assist United Nations personnel on the ground in identifying early warning signs specific to acts of sexual violence and to better prevent such violence, as well as the importance attached to the inclusion in ceasefire and peace agreements of provisions on conflict-related sexual violence aimed at achieving durable peace.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  With the support of Luxembourg, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has been able to implement similar initiatives in Timor-Leste and in Haiti. This year, again with our support, a national workshop in the Republic of South Sudan and a workshop for West Africa in Liberia will be held with the shared objective of strengthening the contributions of United Nations peacekeeping operations to increasing women’s representation at all levels within national, regional and international institutions and to reinforcing mechanisms for the prevention, management and resolution of conflict.

  The fight against conflict-related sexual violence is a moral obligation that we must fulfil together. Luxembourg can be counted on to continue its contribution to that collective effort.
   

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  While the Government will continue to adopt social, economic and security measures relating to women and children, which also have relevance to the Commission’s findings, courses of action will also be taken in response to the Commission’s recommendations. The Government finds the Commission’s suggestions regarding institutional mechanisms to deal with land documentation and user right issues to be valuable, as the resolution of competing equities of land titles in the former conflict affected areas is strikingly complex.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to say that the situation of women in armed conflict is inextricably connected with the coordinated and integrated tackling of the root causes of conflict. We therefore reiterate the need to address the root causes of conflict. The Security Council, as custodian for the concept and maintenance of international peace and security, must address the root causes of conflict, and not only the obvious manifestations. War is war — whether it erupts due to economic reasons or natural disasters — and it affects the most vulnerable and the poorest members of society, including women.

  In that connection, we appeal to the Council to bring further pressure to bear on the armed rebel movements in Darfur, Blue Nile and Southern Kordofan states to accept the principle of negotiation with a view to achieving a permanent solution through peaceful means, as the Government of the Sudan has agreed to do as it endeavours to achieve a solution.

  We hope that the measures to be taken by the Council will rely on the country reports presented by States, as well as accurate information contained in the periodic reports of the Secretary-General, and not on reports produced by certain mass media sources or by non-governmental organizations. In that regard, we encourage the United Nations and its missions to organize workshops and direct consultations with officials of conflict-affected States, with a view to exchanging expertise on matters relating to the situation of women in armed conflict.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  It is essential that every process aimed at security sector reform include a focus on sexual violence, as well as the broader security needs of women and girls. Training and capacity-building of national security actors should aim at a real shift in attitudes from a conflict management posture to the provision of security for citizens and communities, placing the person in the centre. When assessing security in the aftermath of a conflict, indicators such as women’s movement between villages and children’s school attendance should be used alongside the more traditional ones. Proper vetting procedures should be used to exclude perpetrators of sexual violence or other human rights violations from all branches of the security services. More women should be recruited and trained to serve in the security sector, including in leading positions. Specialized units for the reporting of sexual and gender-based violence should be set up, and the security sector should be placed under democratic control and supplied with accountability mechanisms, including accountability to local communities.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  War has always impacted men and women differently, but probably never more so than in modern armed conflicts. In recent armed conflicts, women and girls have been disproportionately targeted and constituted the majority of victims. They are also more vulnerable to all forms of violence, in particular sexual violence and exploitation. The report of the Secretary-General has shown the dire plight of many women and girls and what can be done to alleviate some of these injustices. Viet Nam supports many of the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s report, as well as many views expressed during this debate. As a country that has experience in dealing with the consequences of wars and as the main sponsor of resolution 1889 (2009), on women, peace and security, Viet Nam would like to underline the following. First, although the international efforts in promoting the implementation of the women, peace and security resolutions 1325 (2000) 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have achieved meaningful progress, challenges still remain.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In 2011, the Office of Special Representative Wallström and United Nations Action developed guidelines on the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. The human rights structures in our 

  peacekeeping operations direct monitoring and verification, in close collaboration with other mission components and the members of the United Nations country team. 

  While the arrangements are not an end in themselves, they should contribute towards a better prevention and programming policy response. There remain challenges that we are trying to address: 

  mobilizing capacities to implement the arrangements; ensuring the presence of uniformed women in affected areas to reach out to women and girls; and addressing inadequate infrastructure and communications to gain 

  access to important regions to monitor and verify incidents. Ultimately, impunity, scarce services in rural areas and insecurity deter survivors from reporting the sexual violence to which they have been subjected. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The DPKO and the Department of Field Support stand ready to provide the necessary support to encourage Governments to institutionalize the prohibition and prevention of and accountability for 

  conflict-related sexual violence through the development of policies and national security sector training. We must recognize the close links between time-bound commitments and security sector 

  development. Meticulous and systematic assessments of armed groups must be part of any integration policy in national forces. 

  We are proud to be an active member of the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1888 (2009). 

  Accountability for sexual violence must be established to combat sexual discrimination and inequality. The reform of existing legislation, access to a functional justice system and witness protection programmes are 

  fundamental. Political will is also essential to ensure that perpetrators of international human rights and humanitarian law violations, including sexual violence, are tried and held accountable. The rule of law as a 

  whole must prevail, by means of security and judicial sectors, including correctional systems.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Capacity-building is an important element of the sexual violence mandate, which we are carrying out in support of host Governments and within our missions. For example, in Timor-Leste, Liberia, Haiti and Darfur, 

  United Nations police work in support of the national police to develop dedicated spaces to receive survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. For example, three such spaces are being launched this month in atrisk camps in Haiti. To that end, the Police Division is working with police-contributing countries to develop training and trainer modules to standardize the prevention and investigation of sexual and genderbased violence in post-conflict environments, for 

  United Nations police and national police forces. In the course of last year, 103 police trainers were certified through five regional training courses. 

  To capacitate our military components, we have developed training modules, in consultation with Member States, to accompany the military gender guidelines. We are piloting them regionally. We have 

  also introduced a module on conflict-related sexual violence, developed under the auspices of UN Action into the DPKO/DFS protection of civilians training modules for military, police and civilian components. 

  Those modules were recently finalized and disseminated to our missions and key peacekeeping training partners.

  
  

• Human Security Network

  February 23, 2012

  One of the key issues in a post-conflict country is security sector reform. Security is not a “men’s issue”; it is a gender issue, and women must be involved in all relevant discussions and negotiations from their inception, and they must also be part of the higher military ranks, which is where security-related issues are usually discussed. The gender perspective must be part of the reform and training of all security forces.

  The Human Security Network emphasizes the importance of the full and equal participation of women in political processes, including in peacemaking and peacebuilding. Their involvement ensures the success of those processes. At the same time, conflict-related sexual violence and the specific needs of women and girls have to be addressed adequately, both in ceasefire agreements and in peace agreements.

  Preventing crimes is as crucial as delivering justice and supporting the victims. To that end, we have to be able to improve the early warning systems and monitoring mechanisms already in place and to build upon them where needed. They must be capable of detecting signs of possible crimes and must mobilize the political and judicial authorities in order to prevent them. They must involve all relevant levels, from the community level to the provincial and national levels. Regional organizations can also play an important role in the creation of an efficient early warning system.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, when prevention efforts fail, survivors must be the priority of all service provision and protection. The survivor-centric approach must encompass the provision of medical, psychological, 

  legal and other services to survivors, as well as effective avenues for reparations and redress. We support the recommendations in the SecretaryGeneral’s report in that regard, and we strongly call on 

  all actors to make that a reality. Service and protection strategies must be designed in full consultation with women and affected communities. Particular attention must be paid to the rights and concerns of women and 

  girls, who are often at increased risk in displacement settings, as the current report notes in many cases, including Somalia, Darfur in the Sudan, and Sri Lanka. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, survivors demand nothing less than justice and an end to impunity. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence must be included at every stage, from ceasefire agreements to all aspects of 

  post-conflict reconstruction. That is central both to preventing future crimes of sexual violence against women and to the healing of societies. At both the national and international levels, security sectors and judicial systems must address the culture of impunity for these crimes. Measures must include improved vetting of reintegrated soldiers and bringing suspected perpetrators to justice, in domestic courts where possible or through referral of situations to the 

  International Criminal Court and other international courts for prosecution. Where those systems are failing survivors, comprehensive reforms should be mandatory. Maintaining the full dignity of survivors must be at the core of all of these processes. As a Libyan, I want to emphasize the need to hold accountable all parties involved in any act of sexual violence, and to prosecute them accordingly. That includes politicians and military commanders who order or permit such acts as a weapon of war, as well as those who commit the crime. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SGSR

  February 23, 2012

   Nor can we overlook the use or threat of sexual violence as a tool of political repression and civil strife. That would negate the promise of prevention. Politically motivated rape is a disturbing trend 

  witnessed in the wake of contested elections in places such as Kenya, Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire. It has also been part of political violence in Libya, Syria and Egypt. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   At its heart, resolution 1960 (2010) is about prevention. It creates, for the first time, a workable system of deterrence and accountability in response to conflict-related sexual violence. This compliance 

  regime includes a listing option as leverage. In relation to other protection issues, such as ending the recruitment of child soldiers, the practice of listing has yielded tangible results. Expanding the 

  naming and shaming list on children to those credibly suspected of patterns of sexual violence against adult women and men has made the approach comprehensive and the message to armed groups clear. The point is to 

  cease all acts of rape, whether the victim is 8, 18 or 80.  I will never forget the story of an elderly woman I met in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who told me that she had felt secure in the belief that 

  she was too old to be raped, that she could be the soldier’s grandmother. But that did not protect her. While not a panacea, the list is an important tool. It reminds those who commit, command or condone 

  sexual violence that they can no longer sleep easily at night under the cover of impunity and anonymity. The practice of listing shows that this is not just a war of 

  words. Yes, preventive diplomacy is important. And yes, zero-tolerance policies matter. But ultimately, rape must carry consequences. Some have said this exercise 

  is too optimistic, too ambitious. But surely we must bring all measures to bear in addressing this scourge.  The vision is to create conditions in which armed 

  groups see sexual violence as a liability that will invite national and international scrutiny and censure unless concrete measures are taken. These measures are 

  outlined in resolution 1960 (2010) as a basis for delisting. They include the issuance of orders through chains of command and the prohibition of sexual violence in codes of conduct, as well as timely 

  investigation of alleged abuses to hold perpetrators accountable. A command structure with the capacity to sustain military operations and to punish deserters has the capacity to rein in acts of rape.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Those who tolerate sexual terror should be on notice that they do so in defiance of the Security Council, with its power to enact enforcement measures. In the case of Côte d’Ivoire, for example, this means 

  the militiamen who threatened to burn women alive if they resisted rape. They know why they appear in this list. The Council has signalled its intention to consider sexual violence when establishing or renewing 

  sanctions regimes. Exemplary action has already been taken by the Sanctions Committee for the Democratic Republic of Congo with regard to Mai-Mai leader 

  Ntabo Ntaberi Sheka. This sends a powerful message to others. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a process of intimidation, targeted rape is often a precursor to conflict, as well as the last weapon to be relinquished in its wake. It is important not to exclude from consideration sexual violence that 

  continues after the guns fall silent. Sexual violence that is normalized, owing to impunity, or committed by recently demobilized combatants is also a security issue that requires a security response. 

   Such violence subverts efforts to cement the peace. We know that a ceasefire does not mean peace for women if the shooting ceases but the rapes continue unchecked. Such violence should be included in the 

  definition of a ceasefire and in the monitoring provisions. Monitoring teams must be gender balanced, not gender blind. But to date, just three ceasefire agreements have included sexual violence. The new 

  guidance for mediators on  addressing conflict-related sexual violence, developed by Department of Political Affairs, will fill an analytical and practical gap. 

   Modern history attests that post-war rarely means post-rape. In Liberia, I have seen how sexual violence during the civil war left a profound imprint on society. Addressing that legacy is not just a moral, but an 

  operational, imperative. It is a credibility test for the nascent military and police forces. To echo what has been said so often within these walls, impunity fuels the vicious cycle of violence. Peace is not only the 

  absence of conflict, but the presence of justice.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  What more can the Security Council, UN organizations and Member States do? First, our key goal should be prevention and not mere reaction. To facilitate such an approach, exact and reliable data and early-warning mechanisms, as mentioned in the Secretary General’s report, are crucial. Awareness-raising and training, especially for peace-keepers and police-officers should also be high on our agenda. Whenever a peacekeeping mandate is renewed, this Council needs to make sure that it also contains provisions to monitor sexual violence. Another aspect often overlooked when discussing prevention of violence, but mentioned today by the SRSG, are small arms: There is some evidence that, especially after an armed conflict, the ready availability of small arms increases the threat of their use especially against women and children. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  I would also like to note that specialized national disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and resettlement programmes in the Sudan give special priority to the situation of women, in coordination with the relevant United Nations agencies. We take this opportunity to acknowledge in particular the valuable collaboration we have had with UN-Women and that agency’s role in translating the contents of the aforementioned plan of action into reality.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption by the Security Council of the landmark resolution 1325 (2001) was an important milestone that took up the issue of women and peace and security as a separate thematic issue and brought international visibility to the plight of women and girls in situations of armed conflict. The subsequent Council resolutions, presidential statements and other relevant documents have contributed to developing a solid framework and raising awareness of the impact that sexual violence has on victims’ families and societies. The heightened vulnerability of civilians in wartime — in particular forcibly displaced persons, refugees, women and children — brings an element of urgency, dedication and strong commitment to our protection efforts, which must be free of selectivity and politically motivated approaches and preferences. Azerbaijan notes the role that the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict must play in that regard. 

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, when prevention efforts fail, survivors must be the priority of all service provision and protection. The survivor-centric approach must encompass the provision of medical, psychological, 

  legal and other services to survivors, as well as effective avenues for reparations and redress. We support the recommendations in the SecretaryGeneral’s report in that regard, and we strongly call on 

  all actors to make that a reality. Service and protection strategies must be designed in full consultation with women and affected communities. Particular attention must be paid to the rights and concerns of women and 

  girls, who are often at increased risk in displacement settings, as the current report notes in many cases, including Somalia, Darfur in the Sudan, and Sri Lanka. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption by the Security Council of the landmark resolution 1325 (2001) was an important milestone that took up the issue of women and peace and security as a separate thematic issue and brought international visibility to the plight of women and girls in situations of armed conflict. The subsequent Council resolutions, presidential statements and other relevant documents have contributed to developing a solid framework and raising awareness of the impact that sexual violence has on victims’ families and societies. The heightened vulnerability of civilians in wartime — in particular forcibly displaced persons, refugees, women and children — brings an element of urgency, dedication and strong commitment to our protection efforts, which must be free of selectivity and politically motivated approaches and preferences. Azerbaijan notes the role that the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict must play in that regard. 

  
  

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

   We welcome the progress made on the development of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. For those arrangements to be effective, it is essential that they have the support of the broader United Nations membership and not only of the Security Council. To that end, Brazil encourages Ms. Wallström to engage in a dialogue with Member States and regional groups, with a view to both clarifying how the arrangements will work and exchanging views on how they can best operate.

  The presence of women’s protection advisers in peacekeeping operations will constitute a very helpful tool in the efforts to make the fight against sexual violence a mission-wide endeavour. However, prevention will be effective only if peacekeeping operations have the resources they need to implement their mandate. In that regard, we commend the improvements made in pre-deployment training, which are of crucial importance to preparing peacekeepers to carry out this critical task. The signing last December of a letter of intent between the Brazilian Ministry of Defence and UN-Women, aimed at consolidating their existing partnership, will contribute to ensuring more comprehensive training for our peacekeepers, including in preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence.

  
  

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

  Making real progress in our efforts against sexual violence in armed conflict requires greater emphasis on prevention and capacity-building. The only way to ensure that the progress achieved during the presence of a peacekeeping mission is sustainable is by working with national Governments to address their needs in the areas of institution-building, the training of personnel, supporting victims and strengthening the rule of law.

  We very much appreciate the work that has been done by the Team of Experts on Sexual Violence and the support it has been providing to Member States in strengthening their institutions. It is somewhat surprising that such crucial work is financed exclusively by voluntary contributions.

  Real change requires an integrated approach that combines prevention, the fight against impunity and support for victims. The United Nations needs to be prepared to support capacity-building and institutional strengthening as a system-wide priority if we want prevention to be effective and the scourge of sexual violence in armed conflict to be eliminated.

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  Governments bear the main responsibility for protecting women and combating sexual violence, as well as for implementing resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1960 (2010) and the relevant presidential statements. While the international community can provide constructive assistance, external support must comply with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and fully respect the sovereignty of the countries concerned. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  in addressing questions related to women, peace and security, including sexual violence, there should be a division of labour among the relevant United Nations organs, which should collaborate with each other. In accordance with its Charter mandate, the Security Council should concern itself with situations that constitute a threat to international peace and security. At the same time, full play should be given to the role of other United Nations organs and bodies, such as the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Human Rights Council and UN-Women, which should endeavour to generate synergy.  

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the body of the report of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence that we are considering today (S/2012/33), I would like to draw attention to the definition of the task used throughout it. On the one hand, throughout the report, the expression “conflict-related sexual violence” is used. That is different from that used by the Council in all its previous resolutions and statements, namely, “sexual violence in armed conflict”. On the other hand, in resolution 1960 (2010), when the Council requested the Secretary-General to deal with conflict-related situations, such as post-conflict situations or other situations relevant to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), it did so solely and exclusively to enable data collection by means of the monitoring and reporting arrangements.

  The report therefore reflects the fact that not only is the precise concept of sexual violence in armed conflict being abandoned, but it would also seem that the arrangement can now be applied to the broader concept of incidents or standards of behaviour occurring in other situations that are cause for concern. In our view, that is not covered by resolution 1960 (2010).
   

  
  

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  February 23, 2012

  First, my delegation would like to underline the significance of ensuring accountability by eliminating impunity for sexual violence. That is key to fighting conflict-related sexual violence by showing the perpetrators that their acts are not cost-free. We welcome the fact that the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, established under resolution 1888 (2009), has been fully operational since May 2011. We would like to encourage the Team, in close collaboration with other United Nations entities, to further enhance its assistance to Governments in strengthening the capacity of their civilian and military justice systems and institutional safeguards against impunity.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   We commend the coordination and cooperation envisioned in the implementation of those arrangements with the relevant parts of the United Nations system, including the monitoring and reporting mechanism on children and armed conflict, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the human rights components of the United Nations peacekeeping missions. We welcome the finalization of the terms of reference of the women’s protection advisers and call for their swift designation within the United Nations missions’ human rights and gender components. Preventing sexual violence should be our utmost priority. We therefore welcome the development of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence and the scenario based pre-deployment training modules by the United Nations system, which we hope will enhance the capacity of the peacekeepers to respond. A holistic approach that includes women’s full participation in decision-making in peace and security is key to effectively preventing and responding to sexual violence.

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  The effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security is a priority for France, which worked actively for their adoption. It also worked to strengthen attention to this issue within the European Union. At the national level, at the end of 2010 France adopted an action plan for the implementation of the resolutions on women, peace and security. We welcome the progress described in the report of the Special Representative regarding the establishment of institutional mechanisms to implement resolutions adopted by the Security Council. I point particularly to the progressive implementation of monitoring, analysis and communication arrangements, which will make it possible to gather information on sexual violence. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  We also welcome the establishment of a list of parties, annexed to the report of the Special Representative, pursuant to resolution 1960 (2010). This list should make it possible to improve communication of information on troubling situations. It is indeed a decisive step forward in combating impunity for the perpetrators of sexual violence, another imperative in our combat against this scourge. The perpetrators of such violence must be brought to justice and sentenced with all due severity. The Council has a crucial role to play in that regard, both by adopting targeted measures against perpetrators of gender-based violence in the context of the relevant sanctions committees and through its ability to refer situations to the International Criminal Court. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, reparation schemes and funding frameworks should be guided by a survivor-focused approach. Both, physical and mental scars have to be treated in order to allow survivors to once again actively participate in their societies. We commend the valuable work done by UN organizations, especially the Trust Fund Against Violence Against Women, which Germany actively supports, as well as the newly created Team of Experts which advises Member States, upon their request, to combat sexual violence in or after conflict. Let me finish by stressing that we cannot separate the challenge of sexual violence from the broader security issues on the agenda of this Council. 

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, prevention is always key. The SecretaryGeneral’s report also serves this purpose, as it provides the information needed not only to react, but first and foremost to prevent. We look forward to the progressive strengthening of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements mandated by resolution 1960 (2010). We also encourage the adoption of national and regional early warning systems that could draw upon the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence.

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  Our debate today gives us the opportunity to take stock of the implementation of the commitments made under resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), as well as the progress achieved in the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established in line with resolution 1960 (2010). The convening of this debate also allows us to undertake a more in-depth reflection on the psychological impact and the consequences of conflict related sexual violence against women, girls and children, as well as on the need to identify with greater determination ways and means of ensuring optimal protection for the victims of such violence. The suffering endured by women during conflict and the various forms of exclusion and social injustice that they suffer from within their communities and families require more resolute joint action and a stronger commitment to ensure that they benefit from the maximum level of protection.  

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General also takes stock of situations of sexual violence in several regions of the world and of the measures taken by the parties in conflict to put an end to those acts by identifying those responsible, combating impunity of the perpetrators and masterminds, and making available medical, psychological and social assistance for victims and their families. While it is the responsibility of the parties to a conflict to put an end to the grave consequences of sexual violence during conflict for women and girls, coordinated and sustained action by the United Nations, through its various organs, agencies and specialized and programmes, is crucial to progress in existing initiatives. The Kingdom of Morocco is convinced that the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on conflict-related sexual violence also requires improved coordination among the various national and international  actors involved in the combat against sexual violence, as well as a more resolute and sustained commitment on the part of the United Nations in the area of technical assistance and capacity-building. The international community must stand shoulder to shoulder and act in a spirit of solidarity in guaranteeing women who have fallen victim to sexual violence the right to make their voices heard and to express their suffering, bearing in mind our obligation to listen to them, protect them and to ensure that such crimes never again go unpunished.  

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  The Security Council has recognized that the protection of women is a critical priority for peace and security. Resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have clearly established the fight against sexual violence in the agenda of this Council. The Council has created the necessary tools for obtaining reliable and accurate information on sexual violence. A common definition of sexual violence and common methodologies for data collection through monitoring and recording activities are now used throughout the system. The Council has been quite successful in discharging its responsibilities, but it still needs to reinforce its effectiveness. For instance, we need to make full use ofexisting tools, mainly ensuring deployment of women’s protection advisers in relevant peacekeeping operations, which will strengthen the prevention of and the response to sexual violence. We hope that the challenges thathave delayed the deployment of these advisers will be overcome, since their deployment in specific missions has already been requested by this Council.

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative  of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security. In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve  to further improve the activities ofthe Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within  the framework of their mandates. 

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country welcomed the adoption of resolution 1325 (2000), which defines the role of women in conflict prevention, conflict management and peacebuilding. The national action plans that Member States are called upon to draw up pursuant to that resolution seem to be the most effective means for attaining the goals of the resolution.

  In that spirit, Togo has drafted an action plan to combat all forms of violence against women. My country has established nationwide support centres for women victims of violence. For 10 years now, my country has also participated in 16 days of campaigning organized from 25 November to 10 December every year. As a troop-contributing country to United Nations peacekeeping operations, Togo has also created a pre-deployment centre where military and police personnel in training are made aware of the strict prohibition of all forms of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Firstly I would like to commend SRSG Wallstrom for the good work that she has done to raise the profile of this issue, including fighting against impunity. We welcome her concerted efforts in tackling this issue, leadingto a more co-ordinated response from the UN system as she has set out this morning. UN Action has played an important part in implementing the monitoring analysis and reporting arrangements (MARA). MsWallstrom has also worked tirelessly to ensure that the voices of nongovernmental and civil society organisations are heard.  Secondly, we welcome the efforts towards greater accountability, and an end to impunity. The UN monitoring and reporting mechanisms provide reliable, objective and evidence based information on conflict-related sexual violence against women, men, girls and boys. Under Resolution 1960, the Security Council can now hold to account parties credibly suspected of committing acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence. We note these parties listed for the first time and support appropriate action being taken against those responsible for these terrible acts. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  At the outset, I would like to thank you, Mr. President, for convening this important meeting during your presidency of the Security Council this month. I also welcome the report of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence, which informs our discussion today (S/2012/33), and the insightful briefing of Ms. Wallström, Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. The report and the meeting are timely and necessary. Central to today’s debate is the relationship between conflict and sexual violence. In order to better understand that connection, I wish to address three main elements.

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me first to express my thanks to you, Mr. President, for convening this debate. Armenia fully supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to address conflict-related sexual violence. We welcome the recent report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. My delegation also welcomes the presentation of Special Representative of the Secretary-General Margot Wallström, and we commend her tireless efforts and leadership. We are also grateful for the informative statements made by the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations and by Ms. Megheirbi.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  In the two and a half years since the Council committed to taking more effective action to prevent and address sexual violence in conflict, we have witnessed a significant number of United Nations actions designed to turn rhetoric into action. The work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has been integral to this effort. The landmark adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) 12 months ago demonstrated the Council’s willingness to take measures to end the scourge of sexual violence in conflict.  It is critical that the Council and Member States implement resolution 1960 (2010) fully. 

  Australia strongly supports the work of the Special Representative, particularly the increasing use of field visits and direct engagement with parties to conflict. We encourage the Council to receive regular briefings from the Special Representative when she considers issues related to sexual violence to be relevant to its deliberations. That would help the Council to undertake its preventive role.     

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  In the landmark resolution 1325 (2000), the Security Council recognized the important role of women in maintaining peace and security. It also highlighted specific needs and concerns of women during and in the aftermath of armed conflicts. We feel proud that Bangladesh, as a member of the Council at the time of the resolution’s adoption and one of its main sponsors, was closely associated with the adoption of that historic document. Periodic meetings of this sort offer us an opportunity to take stock of the progress achieved and the challenges remaining in fulfilling the objectives of the resolution, as well as subsequent resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2000).
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, let me emphasis that we have a solemn responsibility to protect women and girls against all forms of violence and to ensure their rightful place in line with the letter and spirit of resolution 1325 (2000). On its part, my country stands ready to make its humble contribution to global efforts in promoting the status and role of women both nationally and internationally. 

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  However, we remain deeply concerned about the persistence and rising levels of sexual violence that still persist in some countries. Women and girls continue to be targeted, while rape and violence, including sexual violence, continue to be used as weapons of war. According to the Secretary-General’s report on conflict-related sexual violence, the past year has seen several new and ongoing armed conflicts where sexual violence was widespread and, in some instances, may have been systematically aimed at civilians. Mass rapes of women and girls were also witnessed. That is despite repeated condemnation of those inhuman acts by the Council’s resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), and 1960 (2010), which became beacons of hope for millions of women and girl victims worldwide. 

  
  

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, we need to pay greater attention to sexual violence in post-conflict settings. While many incidents of sexual violence have been reported after the end of conflict, it is regrettable that few ceasefire or peace agreements include provisions for conflict-related sexual violence. As the report of the Secretary General rightly points out, the inclusion of such provisions can increase the durability of peace by mitigating security fears, as well as addressing the sexual violence itself. In that regard, we welcome the publication by the Department of Political Affairs of the United Nations Guidance for Mediators on Addressing Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in Ceasefire and Peace Agreement. We encourage United Nations envoys and mediators to ensure that conflict-related sexual violence is properly addressed in preventive diplomacy efforts, mediation and peace processes, based upon the Guidance.

  Thirdly, more attention needs to be given to the prevention of conflict-related sexual violence. Sexual violence is not a corollary of conflict, but it can be prevented. In that regard, we note with appreciation a series of recent United Nations initiatives to that end, including the development of scenario-based predeployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence in peacekeeping operations. In addition, we welcome the development of a framework of early warning signs that are specific to conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that Member States, donors and regional organizations, for their part, need to enhance their efforts to strengthen national and regional prevention mechanisms, drawing upon, as appropriate, the United Nations early-warning system and training courses.

  As a member of the Group of Friends of resolution 1325 (2000), the Republic of Korea has actively engaged in the international cooperation for the prevention of sexual violence against women and girls in conflict and post-conflict situations. In the firm belief that proper training for peacekeepers is indispensable to preventing and responding to sexual violence in conflict situations, the Korean Government has been bolstering its predeployment gender training for military and police personnel deploying to United Nations peacekeeping operations. The Korean Government has also strengthened its efforts to enable those personnel to have a better understanding of gender and cultural differences in the traditional and historical context of the host communities by carrying out cultural-awareness and sensitivity training.

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  El Salvador welcomes your initiative, Mr. President, to convene this open debate of the Security Council on the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security.

  That resolution constitutes a cornerstone in the efforts to achieve full participation — on an equal basis — of women in all initiatives for peace and security, together with the integration of the gender perspective in the context of seeking a resolution of armed conflicts, in peacekeeping and peace building and in post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation.

  Resolutions 1325 (2000), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009) constitute important policy instruments, since they make it possible to consider, in a broad, comprehensive fashion, the increasing complexities of conflict and post-conflict transitions to development situations from a gender perspective.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  Sexual violence can be a crime of international concern, especially if it is part of a widespread or systematic campaign and can therefore constitute a war crime, a crime against humanity or even an act of genocide. The need to ensure accountability for such crimes is self-evident.
  
  International tribunals have long been at the forefront of the fight against impunity for such crimes. The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, for example, recognized rape as an act of genocide for the first time in history in 1998. The Rome Statute, adopted earlier that very year, represented a tremendous step forward by incorporating, for the first time and explicitly in an international legal framework, sexual violence such as rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution and forced pregnancy. It did so in a way that makes their prosecution a practical possibility. The importance of implementing those provisions is further illustrated by the obligation of the Prosecutor to take into account the nature of a crime, in particular where it involves sexual violence, gender violence or violence against children.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  In the brief history of the Court, the Office of the Prosecutor has brought charges for sexual violence against 13 of the 27 individuals for whom he has requested warrants of arrest or summonses to appear, charging sexual violence as a war crime, a crime against humanity and an act of genocide. Indeed, as International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor-Elect Fatou Bensouda has stated, the most striking quality of the pursuit of gender crimes by the Court to date has been their centrality to every prosecution so far. While the Court cannot deal with all instances of sexual violence, it has nevertheless proven itself to be a powerful tool for bringing those responsible for the gravest such crimes to justice.

  The nexus between the United Nations and the ICC in the fight against sexual violence is very clear. The Court is active in six of the situations highlighted in the Secretary-General’s report, whether through preliminary examinations, investigations or prosecutions. However, the Rome Statute limits the Court’s reach to its States parties, and to crimes committed after 1 July 2002. Crimes falling outside those two criteria are the specific responsibility of the States concerned and, where necessary, of the Security Council, for, as the preamble to the Rome Statute reminds us, grave crimes threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world. The Council has also recognized conflict-related sexual violence as a threat to international peace and security, condemning its use as a tactic of war.
   

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  It is incumbent on the Council to react effectively to acts of sexual violence when it is likely that they amount to the most serious crimes under international law. Council action should be based on credible reports, including those of the Secretary-General. The use of accountability mechanisms, including referrals to the International Criminal Court and the use of targeted sanctions against those responsible for rape and other forms of sexual violence, in accordance with resolution 1960 (2010), are but two of the tools available. It would be remiss of the Council not to make use of such tools if the circumstances so demand.  

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  When discussing sexual violence, let us not forget the burden borne by victims. Under the Rome Statue, victims of crime have the opportunity to participate in proceedings before the Court. Victims of sexual violence also require targeted assistance of the sort rendered by the Trust Fund for Victims established by the Statute. To name but one example, a project in the Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo provides education, day care and basic health-care services to 67 girls who had been abducted by the armed forces and had borne children while in captivity. Whether through multilateral or bilateral development cooperation, it is important that donors remember the special needs of the victims of sexual violence.

  Women are the largest group of victims of sexual violence, which is why the fight against impunity must be complemented by efforts to empower women to become actors in peace and security. For this reason, Estonia attaches great importance to implementing and further developing resolution 1325 (2000) and its follow-on resolutions in order to strengthen the role of women in conflict prevention, settlement and peacebuilding.
   

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   It is crucial to sustained peace and development that we address impunity for sexual violence. It is the duty of all States to investigate and prosecute those crimes. We commend the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law, including their support to countries in ending impunity — for example, through assistance to prosecution support cells established by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the deployment of female magistrates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We also encourage the Council to use all means at its disposal to end impunity for sexual violence in conflict, including through referrals to International Criminal Court, mandating commissions of inquiry and by explicitly condemning such violations.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   Finally, the European Union continues to implement its dedicated policy on women, peace and security, adopted in 2008, making use of tools as diverse as development cooperation, the Common Security and Defence Policy and political dialogue. The varied EU support to initiatives related to women, peace and security amounts to approximately €200 million per year. The European Union now has gender advisers or focal points in each of its crisis management missions around the world. We continue our work on specific training modules on human rights and gender in crisis management, ensuring a focus on sexual violence in armed conflicts. The EU continues to work closely with the United Nations — for example, through its support to UN-Women in carrying out the project “Women Connect across Conflicts”, which is aimed at building accountability for the implementation of the Council’s relevant resolutions.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  We are informed by the Secretary-General’s report that over the past year, there have been several new and ongoing armed conflicts in which sexual violence has been widespread, with civilian populations being systematically targeted. What is even more disturbing is the fact that most perpetrators remain at large. Indonesia finds this unfortunate situation unacceptable. All action must therefore be directed at eliminating the conditions that give rise to and sustain such behaviour.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  Women must be free to live their lives without having to face the threat of violence, sexual or otherwise. We note with deep concern the fact that while the Security Council resolutions related to women and peace and security have served to highlight the problem and force action aimed at its elimination, the violations persist. We have every reason to speedily implement resolution 1960 (2010). But this must be done in keeping within the spirit of resolution 1325 (2000), which addresses all aspects of women in conflict and post-conflict situations in a more comprehensive manner.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  At the international level, the emergence of a universal working definition to facilitate data collection should advocate timely, reliable and verified information and proper analysis of data on the
  occurrence of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. Such a definition will help stakeholders in delivering survivor and victim-focused responses. Overcoming the trauma they have had to endure is an important factor in helping women to become active peacebuilding actors in the future. In addition, such a definition will also considerably refine the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements recommended by resolution 1960 (2010).

   

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

   

  It is also important that the role of women not be minimized in any way at this level. Their inputs are integral to enhancing civilian capacity, especially in the most affected developing countries. Indonesia believes that dialogue, partnership and cooperation within the framework of the global South are of critical importance to the peacebuilding capacities of developing countries.

   

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The report before us is testament to the need for a dedicated Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, with the strong mandate which the Special Representative holds. These are crimes surrounded by taboos and silence, consistently underreported and, even when they are reported, unlikely to be followed up. If there is to be any chance of penetrating the darkness, we need a strong and unwavering searchlight. The independent voice and exclusive focus of the Special Representative helps to shine that steady light. The latest report from the Secretary-General validates both the appointment of a dedicated Special Representative and the clarity and scope of her mandate.

  The report addresses a range of specific situations spanning four continents, all of them deserving our attention. In some of these situations, conflict still rages; others are post-conflict but still dealing with a poisonous legacy. Côte d’Ivoire, Libya and South Sudan are among the more recent ugly chapters. The sexual violence being unleashed in Syria, with male detainees as particular targets, deserves our unequivocal condemnation.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s discussion is about our collective responsibility to give voice to the voiceless. An increasing number of conflicts around the world are made even more horrific by the use of sexual violence. These are often the most disturbing and the most hidden elements of conflict. Yet, the number of victims is staggering, and it continues to grow every day. Each one of these people has a name and has a family.

  The victims are women like Honorata, a young mother from the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who was held for nearly a year by armed militias and raped daily in captivity. After Honorata escaped, the stigma of her rape caused her family to reject her, leaving her alone and impoverished.

  The victims are women like Layla, a teenager from Iran who was detained for two months during the country’s protests in 2009. In a report last year on the PBS television channel, Layla described her treatment by the Iranian authorities. She said, “When they were raping and torturing me, and putting out cigarettes on my body, nobody knew… Death was a desire for me. I wanted to die”.

  Testimonies like Layla’s remind us that the systematic use of sexual violence is often the calling card of the most brutal regimes and militias in the world. State-sponsored rape has served as a primary tool of dictators from Al-Qadhafi in Libya, Al-Assad in Syria to the ayatollahs of Iran. Armed groups in Africa — from the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Somalia — are using sexual violence to spread terror, instil fear and shatter lives. These tyrants, those warlords and criminals know that they leave scars not just on individual victims, but on families and communities.
   

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

    Major General Patrick Cammaert, the former Commander of United Nations peacekeeping forces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo said:
  “Rape is an extremely cheap weapon, but has vast and far-reaching effects. With the single weapon of rape, soldiers and militants can disrupt and destroy the fabric of society. Rape sows fear; it spreads sexually transmitted disease. It excludes women from participation in civic life.”

  
  In the year since the Security Council adopted resolution 1960 (2010), the instances of sexual violence have only increased. We must act with common purpose in the face of these atrocities. We must have zero tolerance for the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war. Israel was a proud to sponsor of resolution 1960 (2010) and the previous resolutions on women and peace and security. It is time for the international community to breathe life into the words contained in these resolutions with concrete actions on the ground.

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) offers clear guidance on important steps that the international community must take. For instance, operationally, those listed in the annex of these reports should face additional measures from the Security Council sanctions committees. Israel also strongly supports the recommendation to include provisions for conflictrelated sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

    The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) offers clear guidance on important steps that the international community must take. For instance, operationally, those listed in the annex of these reports should face additional measures from the Security Council sanctions committees. Israel also strongly supports the recommendation to include provisions for conflictrelated sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements.

  Women have a vital role to play in preventing sexual violence, which is why we must increase their roles in peacekeeping forces, negotiation teams and other relevant bodies. Israel shares the serious concern of many others about the allegations of sexual violence by peacekeepers in Haiti over the past year. Such allegations highlight the important role that women protection advisers play in such contingents.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, as committed as we are to targeting the perpetrators of sexual violence, we must give full priority to the health, safety and dignity of survivors. National and international programmes for postconflict reconstruction must ensure that their needs are met and voices heard. Adequate and timely resources are required to sustain processes that are meant to be lengthy and complex.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, there is a need to systematically include the issue of conflict-related sexual violence in the work of the Council, especially when authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions. The progressive deployment of women’s protection advisers to United Nations missions is also critical.

  Finally, it is necessary to include women and women’s rights in peace talks. Women are formidable negotiators, mediators and peacebuilders. Their participation in preventive diplomacy is insurance against any attempt to minimize or neglect the consequences of the use of sexual violence.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

  We also appreciate that, for the first time, the report lists parties that are
  credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and
  other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, as per the
  Security Council agenda. Japan strongly condemns the parties listed and calls
  on them to make specific, time-bound commitments to ceasing acts of sexual
  violence and bringing perpetrators to justice. If they fail to do so, the Security
  Council must respond with appropriate measures, including targeted measures, to
  hold those parties accountable.

  
  In that regard, we commend the fact that the Committee established
  pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  decided last December to add Ntabo Ntaberi Cheka, a militia leader responsible
  for mass rape, to the sanctions list. We are also encouraged to hear that earlier
  this month the Guinean court filed charges against Lieutenant Colonel Moussa
  Tiegboro Camara for the mass rape committed in Conakry in 2009.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

   

  As the Special Representative has pointed out on many occasions, sexual violence
  is never a by-product of conflict, and it can be prevented. We should focus more
  on the prevention side of the issue. Japan welcomes the framework of early
  warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence that has been
  developed based on collective analysis by the broader membership of the United
  Nations system. We encourage all stakeholders to incorporate the framework of
  early warning indicators into their immediate responses to conflict. We also
  expect that the Secretary-General’s next report will include more analysis on
  the root causes of conflict-related sexual violence from the perspective of
  prevention.

   

  Finally, I would like to underline the important role played by United
  Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, a network of 13 United
  Nations entities chaired by Special Representative Wallström. United Nations
  Action is the key to a comprehensive and coordinated approach to preventing and
  responding to conflict-related sexual violence. Japan welcomes United Nations
  Action’s strategic framework for 2011-12, which specifies the leading entities
  for each action. We expect that United Nations Action will further strengthen
  its network and activities on the ground, particularly by making tangible the
  positive changes for the survivors of conflict-related sexual violence.

   

   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Kenya welcomes the leadership shown by Togo in holding this debate during its presidency. The United Nations is commemorating the twelfth year since the unanimous adoption of resolution 1325 (2000) and two years since the adoption of resolution 1960 (2010). My delegation notes with satisfaction the commitment shown by Member States, the United Nations system, civil society and other actors in implementing those and related resolutions. Those resolutions, together with other international instruments constitute the bedrock for women’s work on peace and security and also the basis for cooperation among all actors involved in this field. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Violence against women in all its manifestations must be dealt with firmly and decisively. In that regard, my delegation reiterates Kenya’s commitment to the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and the follow-up resolutions.

  Sexual abuse is perhaps the most dehumanizing crime known to humankind. The international community currently has the framework to bring about more action and visibility to address this heinous crime in times of conflict. Prevention is the cornerstone of any strategy to address the challenges that society faces. We therefore must address the underlying causes of conflict that provide the springboard for redressing sexual abuse cases.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The main thrust of resolution 1960 (2010) is the creation of an accountability system listing those parties credibly suspected of committing or responsible for patterns of sexual violence. Needless to say, there are no ongoing patterns of sexual violence in Kenya today, and none of the activities reported concerning Kenya took place during the current reporting period of 2010-2011. The post-election violence of January 2008 is therefore way outside the mandated reporting period. Additionally, Kenya’s report has been lumped together with another situation with which there is no correlation. This is not to say that Kenya has not taken any action to redress the situation described in the report. Indeed, the Attorney General and the Chief Justice, both newly appointed, have been holding consultations on how best to deal with these cases. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I wish to note that all over the world, many women are denied their social, economic, political and civil rights. They are systematically discriminated against because of their gender. While I reaffirm Kenya’s commitment to implementing resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1960 (2010), there is a nexus between violence against women and the economic and power structure. We must therefore emphasize on greater coherence and coordination in addressing women’s issues in a fair and holistic manner in all situations. It is therefore imperative that consideration be given to how best to incorporate the activities of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict with the work of UN-Women. 

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  Sexual violence is used not only as a method of warfare during armed conflict, but also as a means to surreptitiously continue conflict after the guns have fallen silent. Sexual violence can be an important indicator in determining when conflicts might turn violent or when a conflict relapses into violence. To fulfil its mandate towards conflict prevention, it is therefore imperative that the Council continue to receive information on sexual violence, including on situations of concern that are not on its agenda.

  Sexual violence not only attacks the dignity and the body of the victim, but also tears at the fundamental social fabric of the community. To build sustainable peace, sexual violence must be addressed throughout all stages of conflict resolution processes, starting with ceasefire agreements and the presence of adequate gender expertise at the peace table. When provisions on sexual violence are not part of ceasefire agreements, such violence can be used, in effect, to continue acts of war, thereby undermining efforts to reduce violence and leading to a cycle of vengeance.

  Moreover, research shows that when sexual violence is not addressed in the early stages of mediation efforts, the issue is likely to be ignored throughout later efforts to create and maintain peace. Hence, we welcome the work of the Department of Political Affairs to produce guidance for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in mediation processes and throughout conflict resolution efforts.  

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has significantly advanced international law by including sexual violence in the definition of crimes, in particular, as a crime against humanity. The ICC therefore represents an important mechanism in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence. We call on the Council to use all means at its disposal to strengthen the fight against impunity for those violations by making better use of targeted measures, including sanctions and referrals to the ICC. In addition to collecting information on trends and perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, we must simultaneously ensure that support services for victims are sufficiently funded.  

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation has therefore pledged to continue its financial support for the ICC Trust Fund for Victims, which adopts a gender-based perspective across all programmes and specifically aims to assist victims of all forms of sexual and gender-based violence. The Trust Fund provides direct assistance to victims, and thus has an immediate impact on the ground.

  As a member of the group of five small States, my delegation is a long-standing supporter of the consistent mainstreaming of the Council’s thematic agenda into its country-specific work. To support the Council’s efforts in mainstreaming its thematic agenda on women, peace and security, my delegation organized a workshop, from 28 to 30 January in Schaan, Liechtenstein, hosted by Foreign Minister Aurelia Frick, on the implementation of the women, peace and security agenda in Afghanistan. The workshop was organized in close partnership with the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton University, and was supported by the delegations of Afghanistan and Germany.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  Since the most recent public debate of the Council on the issue at hand (S/PV.6642) on 28 October 2011, Luxembourg has further intensified its commitment to supporting women in armed conflict, including through its support of the work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. This is our response to the Secretary-General’s call on Member States, reiterated in this year’s report, to provide the resources necessary to enable the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions.

  In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a sub-regional workshop was organized in November 2011 in Goma, with the support of Luxembourg, by the Office of Gender Affairs of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to promote exchanges of experiences among women’s organizations in the Great Lakes region in the areas of peace, security and prevention of election-related violence. The workshop sought to help reduce the risk of the outbreak of conflict before, during and after elections. Training was also offered to improve conditions in order to promote women’s participation in provincial and local elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  We support the recommendation of the Secretary General that sexual violence be included in the definition of acts that are prohibited under ceasefire agreements and peace and reconciliation processes. To date, only a few such agreements address this issue. If it is not addressed in an integrated way, there is a risk that sexual violence will continue to be used as a weapon of war.

  At the national level, we must have effective national legislative frameworks that prevent sexual violence, eradicate impunity and provide for educational and awareness-raising programmes to prevent the stigmatization of victims. As we all know, this is one of the root causes of impunity.

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation would like to reiterate the importance that access be provided to health care, to psychosocial support, to legal assistance and to socio-economic reintegration services for victims. My delegation would like to stress that although peacekeeping operations can help avoid this scourge, what is most important is that national institutional capacities be developed, under the principle of national ownership, in order to prevent this crime in the medium and long term.

  We are encouraged that the Group of Experts, with a mandate designed to reinforce the rule of law and the capacity of national systems, has already undertaken some working visits. My delegation appeals for the Group to continue to establish synergies between existing United Nations agencies and mechanisms that have experience in this matter.

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me to address the issue of women in promoting peace and security and what we have been trying to do to enhance the empowerment of women in general in the post-conflict situation. Nepal has come a long way after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 in terms of ensuring women’s participation at the decision-making level. The election S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 14 12-23937 of women to one-third of the seats in Parliament has sent a very strong signal about the unprecedented equality and empowerment of women, with deep reverberations of change in Nepalese society.

  Nepal has accorded high priority to the implementation of the many Security Council resolutions on women and peace and security as we move from conflict to durable peace, stability and economic development. In that context, Nepal is proud to stand with its distinctive five-year national action plan for the effective implementation of the Council’s resolutions on women and peace and security. We have already started the implementation of our national action plan through a multi-pronged approach whereby Parliament, Government ministries, judiciaries, political parties and civil society are involved in their respective areas. That will ensure the meaningful participation by women at all levels of the decisionmaking process of governance, including in conflict transformation and peacebuilding processes. We have also put in place mechanisms at the local level, together with some strong monitoring mechanisms, to follow up on implementation. We welcome the genuine partnership and collaboration of the international community in our endeavour. In that regard, we reiterate our conviction that partnership and cooperation must be forged for building and promoting national capacity.

  Nepal has taken a number of initiatives to take care of the special needs of women and bring them forward. It is mandatory that women participate at a rate of at least 33 per cent in the constitution of local peace committees at the district level, which are empowered to address post-conflict-related issues at the local level. Nepal has been implementing gender-based budgeting for some years, through which gender mainstreaming has been getting special attention in all development activities. Nepal has introduced a policy of affirmative action in various areas, including in the civil service, with a view to ensuring that women participate at the decision-making level in the public sector.

  We have adopted various measures to fight against sexual and gender-based violence, notably by establishing of a follow-up office in the Office of the Prime Minister, a gender violence prevention fund, and gender violence control committees in all 75 districts of the country. We are committed to expanding women and children service centres in police stations across the country to ensure the expeditious investigation and the prosecution of cases of sexual and gender-based violence. Furthermore, we are committed not only to increasing the number of women in our army and police force, but also to contributing an increasing number of them to United Nations peacekeeping operations. We have integrated the essential portion of courses on the protection of women and girls from sexual violence during and after conflict in our peacekeeping training package. Nepal is fully aware of the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy and has expressed its commitment to fully supporting the endeavour.
   

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General contained in document S/2012/33 gives the impression that no action has been taken against perpetrators of sexual violence in Nepal. That is not corroborated by facts on the ground. Perpetrators of sexual violence have been punished by the judiciary. Although there are some individual cases, let me also make it clear that sexual violence was never used as a policy of coercion by either of the parties during the conflict in Nepal.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  Resolution 1325 (2000) was a fundamental milestone in international law. Since it was adopted, the issue of women’s role with regard to peace and security has had an important place on the Council’s agenda, and therefore has a significant and crucial role in achieving the Council’s goals.

  The resolution was a starting point for subsequent developments on the issue in the Security Council aimed at ensuring women’s participation in maintaining and strengthening peace and in combating all forms of violence against women and girls, especially sexual and gender-based violence. Along with international human rights law and international humanitarian law, resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010) provide the international community with the legal framework to address the needs and rights of women in conflict and post-conflict situations.

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  We also thank the Secretary-General for his report on Conflict-related sexual violence (S/2012/33) and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Wallström, for her briefing. We endorse the recommendations in the report and we fully support the work and mandate of the Special Representative, as established in resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), as well as that of the Group of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. 

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009) were seminal steps towards enhancing the protection of women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations. The widespread abuse of women and children in conflict situations has caused much revulsion in civilized minds. Humankind had to take action to deal with this appalling reality. Sri Lanka is particularly thankful that the Security Council has adopted those proactive measures. Even though the devastation accompanying armed conflict does not discriminate along gender lines, it has been our common experience that certain conflict situations subject women and girls to a disproportionate share of violence, degradation and deprivation. Their vulnerability has been ruthlessly exploited by armies and armed groups consisting mainly of men.

  In post-conflict environments also, the challenges faced by women remain formidable. Often they are forced to contend with family dislocation, shattered livelihoods and being the sole breadwinners. Many face the everyday reality of being single mothers and, in some contexts, that increases their vulnerability to sexual harassment, exploitation and violence. Gender parity and equity continue to elude women in many parts of the world in post-conflict contexts.

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  In addition, as an incremental step to enhance the mechanisms to safeguard the rights of women that are already in place in Sri Lanka, the Government has developed a national action plan for the promotion and protection of human rights, which has been approved by the Cabinet of Ministers. The national action plan contains a specific section dedicated to the rights of women, covering a plethora of issues. The priority area on women in this new mechanism focuses on enhancing and strengthening the rights of women through proactive measures. Currently, the national action plan is at the implementation stage. It characterizes the Government’s commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, especially those relating to women. In addition, His Excellency President Mahinda Rajapaksa appointed the Commission of Inquiry on Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation in May 2011, which heard testimony in many parts of the island, especially in the former conflict-affected areas. The Commission submitted its report in November 2011 and, subsequently, it was introduced in Parliament on 16 December 2011. It is now a public document. The report offers detailed observations and recommendations on international humanitarian law issues and on grievances, in particular those of women, relating to the final phase of the conflict.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to thank you, Mr. President, for convening this open debate on the subject of women and peace and security. Twelve years have passed since the Council adopted resolution 1325 (2000) on this issue. A global plan of action has been adopted in connection with the resolution, along with normative indicators to gauge progress and a time frame for achieving objectives at the regional and international levels.

  
  

• Syrian Arab Republic

  February 23, 2012

  Syria stresses the importance of the item under consideration and condemns all forms of sexual violence, particularly in armed conflict. It stresses also the need to put an end to such acts and to bring their perpetrators to justice while avoiding selectivity.

  My country has read the report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence. It has also read the information provided by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Syria supports all efforts to end conflict-related sexual violence and to punish perpetrators and end impunity. However, we reject the allegations and claims made in the report with respect to my country, Syria. We request that caution and objectivity be exercised in addressing these important humanitarian issues.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  I would first like to congratulate you, Mr. President, for your initiative in organizing this important open debate on women and peace and security. I also thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations for their excellent statements.

  My delegation appreciates the opportunity to participate in this debate. We reiterate Tunisia’s longstanding commitment to promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment, especially in relation to conflict situations, as well as our determination to properly implement the goals of resolution 1325 (2000), of which my country was one of the authors. Tunisia continues to be profoundly convinced that peace, development and democracy will not be achieved without women’s participation as powerful actors of change.
  

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  To conclude, I wish to reiterate that my country remains at the disposal of the United Nations in the context of any action relating to the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and of other international instruments aimed at strengthening the full participation of women in the decision-making process and at ensuring a deep-rooted culture of human rights, as a fundamental guarantee of the elimination of all forms of violence against women.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  War has always impacted men and women differently, but probably never more so than in modern armed conflicts. In recent armed conflicts, women and girls have been disproportionately targeted and constituted the majority of victims. They are also more vulnerable to all forms of violence, in particular sexual violence and exploitation. The report of the Secretary-General has shown the dire plight of many women and girls and what can be done to alleviate some of these injustices. Viet Nam supports many of the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s report, as well as many views expressed during this debate. As a country that has experience in dealing with the consequences of wars and as the main sponsor of resolution 1889 (2009), on women, peace and security, Viet Nam would like to underline the following. First, although the international efforts in promoting the implementation of the women, peace and security resolutions 1325 (2000) 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have achieved meaningful progress, challenges still remain.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, I would like to underline that political, social and economic empowerment of women in fragile States is fundamental to eradicating discrimination, inequality and sexual and  gender-based violence. Women’s exclusion from the sectors responsible for their disempowerment must be addressed through adopting the principles of resolution 1325 (2000) and mobilizing strong political will. Political will is what it is really about

  
  

• Human Security Network

  February 23, 2012

  However, it is deeply disturbing that today we continue to witness rapes of women, girls and children in general, in countries in armed conflict but also in other situations, including post-conflict situations. We recognize the efforts made by some Governments to put an end to these crimes, to strengthen judicial systems and to bring those responsible to justice. However, as the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) shows, progress remains slow, and in practice the perpetrators of crimes against women and girls often go unpunished.

  The Human Security Network therefore urges Member States to increase their efforts to prevent conflict-related sexual violence by undertaking all necessary efforts to implement all applicable legal provisions in the matter. The primary responsibility is theirs. But, at the same time, this constitutes a challenge for the international community as a whole, especially for regional and subregional organizations. Their role in supporting the efforts of those countries is crucial. The message must be clear; there shall be no impunity for the perpetrators of such crimes, and the countries affected and the international community will not rest until there is accountability and justice is done.

  The provision of genuine support, protection and the relevant services to the victims and their families is equally as important as rendering justice. In that context, the support given at the community level is vital. Projects that directly assist victims and their families to help them overcome the trauma inflicted upon them are of particularly great value.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  My aim is to remain relevant to the Security Council and to ensure that the mandate adds value to its work. Resolution 1888 (2009) also created the Team 

  of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, which is currently supporting initiatives of the Governments of Guinea, Liberia, South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to combat 

  impunity. It is clear that, now more than ever, we have the tools to succeed. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  One such tool is the report being debated today. It provides striking examples of sexual violence as a threat to security and an impediment to peacebuilding. 

  No one can read that report and remain unmoved. But, as many participants have asked me, what does it mean to appear in the Secretary-General’s report? I would 

  like to address that head-on by highlighting three key implications. First, the report, based on United Nations-verified information, is an instrument in the hands of political 

  leaders to help them track and address sexual violence that is linked with insecurity. It cites illustrative incidents that point to larger patterns. As the new monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements 

  mature, they will yield a deeper evidence base for action. Secondly, it does not highlight only horror stories. Such reports are a place to feature the stories of actions that have made a difference, such as enforcing 

  command responsibility and vetting perpetrators from the security forces. It is in the interests of every Government to ensure that the national uniform symbolizes professionalism, discipline and service, not 

  rape, pillage and terror.  The third point is that it provides a baseline for systematic engagement with parties to armed conflict, with the consent and partnership of Governments. Such 

  reports are vehicles for putting names to some of history’s complex horrors. The acts of sexual torture and terror recorded here are not inevitable by-products of war, but crimes committed by combatants and their 

  commanders. The fog of war does not absolve them of their responsibilities. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a frame of reference, the term “conflictrelated sexual violence” has been critical in channelling relevant information from the country level to the Security Council. This framing mirrors the 

  resolutions by focusing on violence that has a nexus with peace and security, rather than on isolated incidents.  Isolated acts of rape occur in all societies, in times of war and of peace. These crimes need to be 

  addressed by the national law-and-order machinery. However, when sexual violence is driven by the dynamics of conflict, is widespread or systematic, constitutes a grave breach of international 

  humanitarian law, or is used for military or political gain, it also warrants consideration by this body, in line with its competence under  the Charter of the United Nations. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has understood that there can be no security without women’s security. The aim is not only to protect women from violence; it is to protect them to participate in public and economic life. Rape has a 

  chilling effect on women’s political participation, casting a long shadow of trauma and terror. It can inhibit their access to polling booths and public squares. We must send a message that women’s lives, 

  votes and voices count and will be counted.  Certainly, the women I have met cannot be caricatured as passive victims. They have fought daily wars — not for medals and monuments, but battles for 

  bread, to feed their children and to make their presence felt. I am particularly concerned, at this historical juncture, that unless women can shape their own political and personal destiny, the Arab Spring will turn 

  into a winter for Arab women.

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Following the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, the Government set out an ambitious plan to put in place a new Constitution and build and strengthen institutions of governance that would be accountable to and responsive to the needs of its citizens. In clear recognition that all human development and human rights issues, including peace and security, have gender dimensions, Kenya has made great advances in mainstreaming gender in its institutions of governance. Indeed, arguably, such advances have not been made by any country in such a short period of time and during peacetime.

  The judiciary is now fiercely independent; the investigation and prosecution branches have been revamped. A new Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission has been established to better manage elections. Other institutions, such as the National Cohesion and Integration Commission and the Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution, have also been established and are currently monitoring the pace and quality of reforms, including the enactment of necessary legislation to avert any recurrence of events similar to those of 2007.
   

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  Yet more gender-related legislation has been enacted since then. For example, the principle of gender equality in pension age was established in 2003. The status of women took a qualitative leap forward in the domain of political participation in 2008, when an election law was enacted stipulating that women must hold at least 25 per cent of the seats not only in the Sudanese federal Parliament but also in all 10 state Parliaments. In the Sudan, there is a federal Parliament in the capital city of Khartoum and there are 10 state Parliaments, one in each of the 10 federal states. Twenty-five per cent of the membership of all these parliaments is held by women through direct, free elections.

  We cherish and take pride in that progress in the Sudan. It indicates the importance we attach to promoting the status of women in our country. The Vice-President of the federal Parliament of the Sudan is a woman, and a full 66 per cent of our civil service is composed of women, making men a minority in the service. In the judiciary, there are 80 female magistrates, some of whom have become Supreme Court justices. In the field of diplomacy, many women have taken on the title of Ambassador and represent the Sudan in many of our diplomatic missions.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• SGSR

  February 23, 2012

   Nor can we overlook the use or threat of sexual violence as a tool of political repression and civil strife. That would negate the promise of prevention. Politically motivated rape is a disturbing trend 

  witnessed in the wake of contested elections in places such as Kenya, Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire. It has also been part of political violence in Libya, Syria and Egypt. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  The third aspect is the breakdown of cultural values. War is pervasive. It destroys the common understanding of decency and respect for human rights. It kills morals. It breaks down social contracts. It erodes solidarity and trust. As I saw in my own country, war and conflict resulted in the corrupting prevalence of a militant culture, countering society’s values, based on tolerance and respect.

  What emerged was, in fact, a militant anti-culture, caused by war. Crimes against Afghan people were committed and human rights violations were extensive, especially violence against women. We saw what had never before been seen in the history of Afghan women — a sequence of killing, maiming and violence.

  However, in the past 10 years, after the fall of the Taliban, the Government of Afghanistan, with the support of the international community, has worked to put an end to violence in the country. That is essential to security and to protecting the rights of women, men and children.

  
  

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  A defining feature of most, if not all, conflicts is still the failure of parties to respect and ensure respect for their obligations to protect civilians. Civilians continue to suffer from inadequate protection in situations of armed conflict, including discriminatory treatment, torture, sexual violence, extrajudicial executions, mass population displacements and ethnic cleansing.  In many situations of armed conflict, sexual violence has been used as a weapon of war to strike terror and to force civilians to leave their native lands. Azerbaijan strongly condemns all acts of violence committed against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. It is imperative that all parties to armed conflict strictly abide by their obligations under international humanitarian and human rights law. 

  
  

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  In three days, we will commemorate the twentieth anniversary of atrocious crimes committed against the Azerbaijani civilians of the town of Khojaly, where during one night hundreds ofcivilians were killed only because they were Azerbaijanis. Not even women and children were spared by the invading troops. In its resolutions adopted in 1993 in response to the occupation of Azerbaijani territories, the Security Council referred specifically to violations of international humanitarian law and attacks on civilians. We are confident that consistent measures being taken at the national level, as well as the existing international legal framework, will serve to bring to justice those responsible for crimes in Khojaly and other grave offences committed during the occupation of Azerbaijan’s territories. It is incontrovertible today that no official or political status cloaks the person concerned with immunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community.  

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  China condemns all violence against women in armed conflicts, including sexual violence. We urge all parties to conflict or intervening parties to abide by international humanitarian law and other relevant international law.  

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Colombia attaches the greatest importance to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of sexual violence in armed conflicts. As a result, we are resolutely determined to address this complex series of problems. Our national authorities as a whole are taking action to foster a culture of zero tolerance for violations of human rights, zero tolerance for violence against women and, in particular, zero tolerance for sexual violence. Colombia has legislation ensuring women a life free of any sort of violence in both the public and private spheres and an institutional structure capable of implementing such measures.

  Colombia’s Law No. 1448 of 2011, on care, assistance and full reparation to the victims of internal armed conflict — as highlighted by the Secretary-General in his report — sets out different measures and guarantees of non-recurrence for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence. This is a decisive step forward by the State to deal with these problems in a coordinated and consistent fashion.
   

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  The issue on our agenda today is one of the most abhorrent, yet still all too often concealed and under-reported crimes. In a number of armed conflicts sexual violence is used as a “weapon of war”, thus not only destroying its victims but traumatizing societies at large. Widespread and systematic sexual violence ranks among the grave breaches of international law, as reflected in the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and the 1949 Geneva Convention and its Additional Protocols.  

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, we must accelerate our fight against impunity. Perpetrators have to be brought to justice. Bearing in mind the main responsibility of States to investigate and prosecute, the Security Council also has a role to play. We therefore welcome the inclusion in the Secretary General’s report, for the first time, of an annex listing parties which are credibly suspected of patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Naming and shaming is not an end in itself but should serve as a basis for targeted measures leading to an end of these terrible crimes. The ICC and international monitoring mechanisms have also done important work in this regard and should be further strengthened. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We recognize that the mandate of combating sexual violence in situations of conflict is a very complex one. When these crimes are perpetrated in a massive and systematic way against women and girls by armed groups, they have the aim, among other aspects, to punish, humiliate and destroy the fabric of society. Moreover, very often this widespread violence includes discriminatory attitudes, sheltered by a culture of impunity. Among many other aspects, they constitute grotesque violations of human rights, with grave consequences for individuals, families and societies. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  It is a matter of deep regret that the international community must repeatedly debate the issue of sexual and other forms of violence against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. That abhorrent behaviour, whether perpetrated by the parties to the armed conflict or by others, must be unequivocally, unambiguously and resolutely condemned. There should be no tolerance for gender-based violence. All such cases must be investigated and the perpetrators prosecuted. Some argue that human rights law and international humanitarian law do not offer enough protection to women and children. Such postulation is a bit extreme. Women’s rights and needs have received the attention they deserve in the codification of international law. The challenge is the effective implementation of the laws and the availability of adequate resources for capacity-building wherever required. That alone will ensure the real impact of our 

  efforts on the ground. By definition, it is States that are parties to the treaty-based system of international law. By and large, they respect them, and when they do not, penalties arise under provisions of the relevant treaties. However, the most egregious crimes against women in times of conflict have been and are being committed by non-State actors, often warring against Governments. They obey no laws and, as experience has shown throughout the past decade, are immune to coercive or punitive measures. The Council therefore needs to consider, in practical terms, how non-State actors, who are responsible for the bulk of the crimes that continue to be committed against women, can be effectively tackled. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  The second element is the interconnectedness of sexual violence and other atrocities. While sexual violence is embedded within the definition of war crimes and crimes against humanity, the international community should take a holistic approach to those atrocities, as they cannot be separated from one another. Furthermore, every atrocity is spawned from the all-encompassing destruction of society caused by war. We cannot truly stop atrocities such as sexual violence without ending the violence, war and conflict that breed them.
  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s debate addresses an urgent matter. More and more, we are witnessing a disturbing trend in the use of sexual violence as a political and military tool, the effects of which are grave and long lasting, often alienating entire communities. Although conflict related sexual violence is not a women’s issue, it is a known fact that a disproportionate number of victims of such violence are women and girls. Sexual violence affects all aspects of women’s lives, compromising their wellbeing, security and basic human rights. It further exacerbates the inequities that women face and, in so doing, it threatens peace, security, development and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts. As such, addressing sexual violence demands a multilayered approach and requires involvement on the international, regional and national levels. We must identify the crime and bring those responsible to justice. 

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana attaches great importance to the protection and promotion of the rights and advancement of the status of women. The Government has made considerable achievements in protecting women from all forms of violence and in ensuring a safe and secure environment where their rights are protected. In addition, it has undertaken several initiatives to address violence against women and children. Ending violations of women’s human rights is therefore a moral imperative, and one which we must collectively combat. In that regard, Botswana strongly condemns all forms of violence against women and children and supports all efforts aimed at preventing and eliminating violence, including sexual violence against women and children. 

  
  

• Iran (Islamic Republic of)

  February 23, 2012

  The representative of the Israeli regime referred to the case of a woman in Iran. While my delegation strongly refutes the allegations concerning that young lady, I would like to mention that it would have been better for the Israeli representative to talk about the thousands and thousands of Palestinian women and girls who have fallen victim to the atrocities committed by his regime in Gaza and other occupied lands of Palestine.

  I am sure that the members of the Council are aware of the case of a Palestinian woman who delivered a baby while being kept waiting for hours at a checkpoint by the occupying forces. I can cite many, many other cases of violations of human rights committed by that regime.

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The first is a case study on ending impunity. We all recognize the simple equation: impunity for perpetrators of sexual violence guarantees that the virus will spread; conversely, ending impunity and making the perpetrators pay will act as a deterrent.

  The first step in ending impunity is the systematic gathering of credible evidence. The Secretary- General’s report gives a sense of the progress being made in that regard. For the first time in a report of this nature, the Secretary-General has named individuals on the basis of credible reports of culpability.

  In the commentary on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for example, one finds the names of 10 or so individuals. That specificity of data will enable us to measure outcomes. When we next come back to this issue, it will be important to focus on precisely what has happened in those cases. What steps have the national authorities taken? What have we at the United Nations been able, or willing, to do?

  The possibility of measuring outcomes will apply not just in the case of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but also in relation to the list of parties set out in annex 1 to the Secretary-General’s report.

  The report includes clear recommendations to the Security Council on increasing pressure on perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence. We look to the Council to show determination in its response. Too many recent headlines from the Security Council have been ones of disunity. On the issue of sexual violence in conflict, the Council has the opportunity to assert itself, to demonstrate that disunity does not define it, and to act decisively to sanction perpetrators, to refer cases to the International Criminal Court, to mandate commissions of inquiry and to condemn violations explicitly in resolutions and statements.

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation would like to reiterate the importance that access be provided to health care, to psychosocial support, to legal assistance and to socio-economic reintegration services for victims. My delegation would like to stress that although peacekeeping operations can help avoid this scourge, what is most important is that national institutional capacities be developed, under the principle of national ownership, in order to prevent this crime in the medium and long term.

  We are encouraged that the Group of Experts, with a mandate designed to reinforce the rule of law and the capacity of national systems, has already undertaken some working visits. My delegation appeals for the Group to continue to establish synergies between existing United Nations agencies and mechanisms that have experience in this matter.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  Resolution 1325 (2000) was a fundamental milestone in international law. Since it was adopted, the issue of women’s role with regard to peace and security has had an important place on the Council’s agenda, and therefore has a significant and crucial role in achieving the Council’s goals.

  The resolution was a starting point for subsequent developments on the issue in the Security Council aimed at ensuring women’s participation in maintaining and strengthening peace and in combating all forms of violence against women and girls, especially sexual and gender-based violence. Along with international human rights law and international humanitarian law, resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010) provide the international community with the legal framework to address the needs and rights of women in conflict and post-conflict situations.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  The fight against impunity for all forms of gender violence is essential to peace building processes. It is S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 12-23937 25 therefore necessary that States strengthen their judicial systems so that such cases can be duly and promptly brought to trial, including, whenever possible, women in those systems. It will also be important in that respect to continue to promote the ratification of the Statute of the International Criminal Court.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  Last month, there was another positive development with the Sudan’s establishment of its national human rights commission. A woman with more than 30 years of judicial experience was appointed commissioner. A special court was also established in Darfur. A prosecutor general was appointed to examine all alleged violations perpetrated in Darfur since 2003, including violence against women. That is also an concrete, positive development. All of the perpetrators of violence against women will be brought to justice in fair trials, and will be punished accordingly.

  
  

• Syrian Arab Republic

  February 23, 2012

  Syria stresses the importance of the item under consideration and condemns all forms of sexual violence, particularly in armed conflict. It stresses also the need to put an end to such acts and to bring their perpetrators to justice while avoiding selectivity.

  My country has read the report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence. It has also read the information provided by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Syria supports all efforts to end conflict-related sexual violence and to punish perpetrators and end impunity. However, we reject the allegations and claims made in the report with respect to my country, Syria. We request that caution and objectivity be exercised in addressing these important humanitarian issues.

  
  

• Syrian Arab Republic

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation addressed many official letters to the Special Representative, including documented information on the responsibility of armed terrorist groups for acts of rape and sexual abuse as well as the killing of Syrian women and girls. We also sent the Representative a DVD including the documented confessions of members of those groups, proving their responsibility for those crimes. Regrettably, the Special Representative ignored our attempt to provide her with that document and made only a passing reference to the documented crimes perpetrated by terrorist groups. The Special Representative chose to depend on reports that lack credibility and professionalism, so that she can hold the Syrian authorities responsible for the commission of acts of sexual violence without any credible evidence. That is supported by the Secretary- General, who states, at the end of paragraph 87 of his report, that the international commission of inquiry had not received sufficient testimony in connection with allegations of acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence.

  
  

• Syrian Arab Republic

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, it is truly strange that the representative of the Israeli occupying Power — whose country has for decades committed all kinds of violations and crimes, including violence against girls and women in the occupied Arab territories in Palestine and in the occupied Syrian Golan — should accuse or lecture us even as Israel continues to commit all kinds of violence against women and girls who are still under the yoke of the Israeli occupation. They are killed, raped and abused. In the occupied Palestinian territories, a Palestinian woman gives birth or has a miscarriage at an Israeli checkpoint and can barely reach a hospital.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  Convinced of the urgent need to put an end to impunity for such heinous acts, Tunisia, which acceded to the Rome Statute recently, a few months after the revolution, believes that it is crucial to further promote international cooperation and assistance so as to strengthen, inter alia, the capacities of Governments to develop national early-warning systems aimed at preventing an escalation of violence against women. It is also imperative that they investigate and prosecute the perpetrators of such acts, in accordance with the responsibilities incumbent upon them by virtue of their accession to international human rights and humanitarian law instruments.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  Dealing with this issue is a reminder to us of the tragic situations facing women in many conflicts and crises around the world. Women are the first to be caught up in the turmoil of flight and internal displacement and confined, usually with their children, to refugee camps, where their situation is most precarious.

  In Africa — a continent that, unfortunately, is afflicted by many crises and conflicts — many thousands of women are affected by the ravages of war and crises of all kinds. The debate on this issue also brings to mind the situation of Palestinian women, who are systematically oppressed as a result of the Israeli practices in the occupied Palestinian territories and the occupied Syrian Golan. A Palestinian woman aged 60 today would have since birth known only the abuses of the occupation, spending her entire life crossing checkpoints, fleeing bombings and burying and mourning the dead. Such women and many others must serve as an impetus for the Council to take urgent action so that they can live in dignity and simply realize their rights as human beings.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  It is important to underscore that the host Government is ultimately responsible for the protection of its civilian population. Missions cannot act as a surrogate for State authority. Where mandated, therefore, we must strengthen frail State institutions, to facilitate their protection response. In that regard, we welcome the recent adoption of the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces, which ultimately strengthens the  protection abilities of the host Government’s forces.  

  MONUSCO is implementing that policy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which makes the Mission’s support to the Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and the Police nationale civile (PNC) conditional on their respect of international humanitarian law, human rights law and refugee law. The policy seeks to improve FARDC behaviour through screening the chain of command of its units for past humanitarian law and human rights

  violations, including acts of sexual violence, before support is provided by the Mission. Indeed, in the course of last year, MONUSCO screened more than 2,000 FARDC and PNC personnel. Support was suspended to two FARDC battalions based on evidence of human rights violations. I am pleased to highlight that collaboration and progress has been achieved with the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Last month I also had another meeting with a senior general commanding FARDC forces in North Kivu, who acknowledged that our due diligence policy had now been fully understood and taken on by himself and his troops: they respect and take full account of our requirements in the matter.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a frame of reference, the term “conflictrelated sexual violence” has been critical in channelling relevant information from the country level to the Security Council. This framing mirrors the 

  resolutions by focusing on violence that has a nexus with peace and security, rather than on isolated incidents.  Isolated acts of rape occur in all societies, in times of war and of peace. These crimes need to be 

  addressed by the national law-and-order machinery. However, when sexual violence is driven by the dynamics of conflict, is widespread or systematic, constitutes a grave breach of international 

  humanitarian law, or is used for military or political gain, it also warrants consideration by this body, in line with its competence under  the Charter of the United Nations. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

   We welcome the progress made on the development of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. For those arrangements to be effective, it is essential that they have the support of the broader United Nations membership and not only of the Security Council. To that end, Brazil encourages Ms. Wallström to engage in a dialogue with Member States and regional groups, with a view to both clarifying how the arrangements will work and exchanging views on how they can best operate.

  The presence of women’s protection advisers in peacekeeping operations will constitute a very helpful tool in the efforts to make the fight against sexual violence a mission-wide endeavour. However, prevention will be effective only if peacekeeping operations have the resources they need to implement their mandate. In that regard, we commend the improvements made in pre-deployment training, which are of crucial importance to preparing peacekeepers to carry out this critical task. The signing last December of a letter of intent between the Brazilian Ministry of Defence and UN-Women, aimed at consolidating their existing partnership, will contribute to ensuring more comprehensive training for our peacekeepers, including in preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence.

  
  

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

  Making real progress in our efforts against sexual violence in armed conflict requires greater emphasis on prevention and capacity-building. The only way to ensure that the progress achieved during the presence of a peacekeeping mission is sustainable is by working with national Governments to address their needs in the areas of institution-building, the training of personnel, supporting victims and strengthening the rule of law.

  We very much appreciate the work that has been done by the Team of Experts on Sexual Violence and the support it has been providing to Member States in strengthening their institutions. It is somewhat surprising that such crucial work is financed exclusively by voluntary contributions.

  Real change requires an integrated approach that combines prevention, the fight against impunity and support for victims. The United Nations needs to be prepared to support capacity-building and institutional strengthening as a system-wide priority if we want prevention to be effective and the scourge of sexual violence in armed conflict to be eliminated.

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  Governments bear the main responsibility for protecting women and combating sexual violence, as well as for implementing resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1960 (2010) and the relevant presidential statements. While the international community can provide constructive assistance, external support must comply with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and fully respect the sovereignty of the countries concerned. 

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Colombia attaches the greatest importance to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of sexual violence in armed conflicts. As a result, we are resolutely determined to address this complex series of problems. Our national authorities as a whole are taking action to foster a culture of zero tolerance for violations of human rights, zero tolerance for violence against women and, in particular, zero tolerance for sexual violence. Colombia has legislation ensuring women a life free of any sort of violence in both the public and private spheres and an institutional structure capable of implementing such measures.

  Colombia’s Law No. 1448 of 2011, on care, assistance and full reparation to the victims of internal armed conflict — as highlighted by the Secretary-General in his report — sets out different measures and guarantees of non-recurrence for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence. This is a decisive step forward by the State to deal with these problems in a coordinated and consistent fashion.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the defence sector, many administrative provisions have been adopted aimed at preventing and punishing abuse, such as Ministry of Defence Directive No. 11 of 2010, which is aimed at reasserting compliance by armed forces with regard to their obligation to prevent all forms of violence against women and children, specifically violent sexual acts, as well as Directive No. 7 of March 2011, on combating impunity.

  In order to strengthen the measures adopted in those instruments, coordinated work is being done with the United Nations, the High Adviser for Women’s Equality and other State bodies in order to define additional measures of prevention in accordance with experience gained on the ground and international standards.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  The effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security is a priority for France, which worked actively for their adoption. It also worked to strengthen attention to this issue within the European Union. At the national level, at the end of 2010 France adopted an action plan for the implementation of the resolutions on women, peace and security. We welcome the progress described in the report of the Special Representative regarding the establishment of institutional mechanisms to implement resolutions adopted by the Security Council. I point particularly to the progressive implementation of monitoring, analysis and communication arrangements, which will make it possible to gather information on sexual violence. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  Lastly, it is essential to pursue our efforts to implement a zero-tolerance policy in peacekeeping operations. The United Nations system and Member States must bear their responsibilities in that regard. We should set an example. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  What more can the Security Council, UN organizations and Member States do? First, our key goal should be prevention and not mere reaction. To facilitate such an approach, exact and reliable data and early-warning mechanisms, as mentioned in the Secretary General’s report, are crucial. Awareness-raising and training, especially for peace-keepers and police-officers should also be high on our agenda. Whenever a peacekeeping mandate is renewed, this Council needs to make sure that it also contains provisions to monitor sexual violence. Another aspect often overlooked when discussing prevention of violence, but mentioned today by the SRSG, are small arms: There is some evidence that, especially after an armed conflict, the ready availability of small arms increases the threat of their use especially against women and children. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  It is a matter of deep regret that the international community must repeatedly debate the issue of sexual and other forms of violence against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. That abhorrent behaviour, whether perpetrated by the parties to the armed conflict or by others, must be unequivocally, unambiguously and resolutely condemned. There should be no tolerance for gender-based violence. All such cases must be investigated and the perpetrators prosecuted. Some argue that human rights law and international humanitarian law do not offer enough protection to women and children. Such postulation is a bit extreme. Women’s rights and needs have received the attention they deserve in the codification of international law. The challenge is the effective implementation of the laws and the availability of adequate resources for capacity-building wherever required. That alone will ensure the real impact of our 

  efforts on the ground. By definition, it is States that are parties to the treaty-based system of international law. By and large, they respect them, and when they do not, penalties arise under provisions of the relevant treaties. However, the most egregious crimes against women in times of conflict have been and are being committed by non-State actors, often warring against Governments. They obey no laws and, as experience has shown throughout the past decade, are immune to coercive or punitive measures. The Council therefore needs to consider, in practical terms, how non-State actors, who are responsible for the bulk of the crimes that continue to be committed against women, can be effectively tackled. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General also takes stock of situations of sexual violence in several regions of the world and of the measures taken by the parties in conflict to put an end to those acts by identifying those responsible, combating impunity of the perpetrators and masterminds, and making available medical, psychological and social assistance for victims and their families. While it is the responsibility of the parties to a conflict to put an end to the grave consequences of sexual violence during conflict for women and girls, coordinated and sustained action by the United Nations, through its various organs, agencies and specialized and programmes, is crucial to progress in existing initiatives. The Kingdom of Morocco is convinced that the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on conflict-related sexual violence also requires improved coordination among the various national and international  actors involved in the combat against sexual violence, as well as a more resolute and sustained commitment on the part of the United Nations in the area of technical assistance and capacity-building. The international community must stand shoulder to shoulder and act in a spirit of solidarity in guaranteeing women who have fallen victim to sexual violence the right to make their voices heard and to express their suffering, bearing in mind our obligation to listen to them, protect them and to ensure that such crimes never again go unpunished.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We have taken note of the fact that the Secretary-General’s report for the past year was prepared and compiled after a broad and extensive consultation with the 13-entity network — a fact greatly appreciated by my delegation, given that it has enriched the report by making it one informed by the conditions and experiences on the ground. No doubt it is one of the most comprehensive reports ever prepared on this matter, and it represents to a large extent the great deal of progress in dealing with this scourge. We are particularly pleased that United Nations peacekeeping and political missions, as well as country teams, were primary sources of information for the report. For South Africa that is crucial, because the report is informed by the experiences of people who are at the cold phase.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the commitments that were made by the Governments of countries of concern during the visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in relation to addressing impunity for sexual crimes and the training of security personnel. We appreciate the work done by the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, especially its great work in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia and South Sudan.

  In the same vein, and equally important, are the pre deployment training modules that UN-Women and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations have developed. We welcome the modules that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General has developed on the protection of civilians and sexual violence with the African Union partners, under the auspices of the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre. We are of the view that the streamlining of conflict-related sexual violence across all peacekeeping training will go a long way in the efforts to comprehensively address and eradicate that evil. We would like to encourage all United Nations agencies and departments to continue to work together in an integrated and coordinated manner to effectively implement such training. We hope that we will soon see the fruits of those concerted efforts.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We fully concur with the recommendation that the Security Council should systematically reflect conflict-related sexual violence in the authorization and renewal of peacekeeping mandates and the renewal of special political missions. In that respect, South Africa has always supported the call for the deployment of women protection advisers to peacekeeping and political missions in order to coordinate the implementation of conflict-related sexual violence.

  For our part, South Africa continues to increase the number of women deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. About 45 per cent of the troops we contribute to the United Nations are women, and 10 per cent of them have played leadership and commanding roles. We will continue to do our part and to contribute to international efforts to address the scourge of conflict-related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country welcomed the adoption of resolution 1325 (2000), which defines the role of women in conflict prevention, conflict management and peacebuilding. The national action plans that Member States are called upon to draw up pursuant to that resolution seem to be the most effective means for attaining the goals of the resolution.

  In that spirit, Togo has drafted an action plan to combat all forms of violence against women. My country has established nationwide support centres for women victims of violence. For 10 years now, my country has also participated in 16 days of campaigning organized from 25 November to 10 December every year. As a troop-contributing country to United Nations peacekeeping operations, Togo has also created a pre-deployment centre where military and police personnel in training are made aware of the strict prohibition of all forms of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

   In Côte d’Ivoire, the Special Representative received a commitment from the President of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that reparations for victims of sexual violence would be part of the Commission’s mandate. In Liberia and South Sudan, the Team of Experts has worked with national justice sectors on sentencing guidelines, the training of police, constitution-drafting and a host of other initiatives.  That is what the Office of the Special Representative is for. The Security Council’s mandate is clear and the Special Representative has been forthright in carrying it out. She deserves our strong support.  The problem, unfortunately, remains vast. We have only begun. Impunity is still alarmingly common. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sheka Ntabo Ntaberi ran as a candidate for office even as a warrant was out for his arrest for sexual violence. In Guinea, as detailed in the Secretary-General’s report, two men connected to the violence of September 2009, which included sexual violence, have since been given high Government positions. Such impunity should not be tolerated. Apart from keeping a sharp focus on ending impunity, we need to build our institutional capacity for early warning. We applaud the efforts of the Special Representative, of United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, and of UN-Women to develop an early warning framework.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  Afghanistan adopted a law on the elimination of violence against women, which has provided the Government with stronger judicial means through which we can combat sexual violence more effectively. That is real progress towards breaking the silence with regard to violence and sexual violence. We are confident that, in the years to come, our efforts will yield more results and that women will be safer and more respected and will receive the justice that they deserve.

  The President of Afghanistan also established a commission on the elimination of sexual abuse of children and women. The commission advises relevant organizations on how to fight against the sexual abuse of women and children and encourages relevant reporting to it.

  Afghanistan acknowledges that the accomplishments that we have outlined are only the first steps towards achieving gender equality and the improvement of the position of women. The Afghan Government will therefore continue its effort to eliminate sexual violence and to advance women’s rights and empowerment. In that regard, the Government of Afghanistan welcomes resolutions 1325 (2000), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009), which identify combating sexual violence as a matter of peace and security.

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s debate addresses an urgent matter. More and more, we are witnessing a disturbing trend in the use of sexual violence as a political and military tool, the effects of which are grave and long lasting, often alienating entire communities. Although conflict related sexual violence is not a women’s issue, it is a known fact that a disproportionate number of victims of such violence are women and girls. Sexual violence affects all aspects of women’s lives, compromising their wellbeing, security and basic human rights. It further exacerbates the inequities that women face and, in so doing, it threatens peace, security, development and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts. As such, addressing sexual violence demands a multilayered approach and requires involvement on the international, regional and national levels. We must identify the crime and bring those responsible to justice. 

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  During the past decade, particular attention has been paid to addressing some of the specific crimes experienced by women and girls during armed conflicts, namely, rape, trafficking, enforced prostitution and enslavement. It is critical to ensure accountability for past and present crimes, and to not grant immunity to perpetrators. Otherwise, we would be providing amnesty for future crimes. In that regard, Armenia is encouraged by the report of the Secretary-General, which for the first time includes an annex that lists the parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Such reporting and systematic data collection are critical, because crimes of sexual violence remain underreported due to stigmatization and fear of reprisals. We hope that such measures will promote accountability and that they will provide timely and reliable analyses based on which the Security Council can carry out its responsibility to protect civilians from conflict-related sexual violence. We cannot address sexual violence, however, by simply naming and punishing offenders. More fundamental changes are needed on institutional and societal levels as well.  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, although important steps have been taken towards our common goal of preventing and effectively responding to conflict-related sexual violence, much remains to be done. Armenia remains committed to working closely with the Council, the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the other relevant United Nations bodies toward this noble end. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Security sector reform must address conflict related sexual violence. The development of human rights training tools for security officials will help to extend these efforts to detention and interrogation facilities, which are often beyond the reach of peacekeeping missions. Australia is also pleased to be working with the Department of Political Affairs and UN-Women to support women’s engagement in decision-making on security sector reform.

  Separately, we have supported the development of a victim management programme for Pacific police, and developed police manuals on gender-based violence in Timor-Leste. The Australian Federal Police is also formulating a police development strategy and toolkit that include a focus on gender and conflict related issues, which will assist our police who are working with international partners to address conflict related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  In Bangladesh, based on our experience with nation-building and women’s empowerment, we have embraced this view and developed a model that our Prime Minister, Her Excellency Sheikh Hasina calls a “peace model”. She believes that if peace is attained and maintained, development and prosperity will follow. The central message conveyed in the model emphasizes the empowerment of people, including women and other vulnerable groups. I am happy to note here that the General Assembly recently adopted resolution 66/224, entitled “People’s empowerment and development”.

  Women occupy many top leadership positions in my country. The Constitution of Bangladesh guarantees the equality of men and women within the broad framework of non-discrimination on grounds of religion, race or gender. The 345-member National Parliament of Bangladesh has 45 seats reserved for women. We also have a significant number of elected women representatives in local bodies.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  The Government has adopted a national policy for women’s advancement and a national plan of action. A women’s development implementation committee, headed by the Minister for Women and Children Affairs, monitors the implementation of policies for women’s empowerment. It has also created a gender-based budget. We are benefiting greatly from all of those initiatives. To cite just one example, the enrolment of girls at primary and secondary level schools exceeds that of boys, and girls in secondary level schools are helped by tuition waivers and the provision of stipends.  

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased to make our modest contribution to the maintenance of international peace and security. Our troops and police are doing excellent work in various United Nations peacekeeping missions. In line with our pro-women policy, we have been recruiting women in our regular forces, including police and the military. While they contribute to our national security, they are also sent to respond to international calls. For example, we deployed an all-female contingent serving as a female formed police unit in Haiti following the devastating earthquake there. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My third and final comment relates to situations in some particular countries. The Special Representative has visited the Democratic Republic of the Congo several times to discuss with top Government officials the issue of sexual violence, often committed by military personnel. Belgium was among the first to provide financial support for the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s national strategy to combat sexual violence. We also provided financial support to the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo for military judges to assist with the prosecution of soldiers accused of sexual violence in the eastern part of the country. Belgium intends to remain engaged in this project, in consultation with the Special Representative and with national authorities.  

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  As Chair of the Peacebuilding Commission’s Central African Republic configuration, Belgium attributes particular importance to the issue of sexual violence in that country. The Central African Republic is on the priority list for action by the Special Representative. The problem of violence against women and children is discussed during each Commission field visit, and regular contact on the subject is maintained with the Office of the Special Representative.  

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  While recognizing that national justice systems may be significantly weakened in conflict and post conflict situations, we realize that inaction could send a wrong message, namely, that sexual violence is tolerated. We therefore call upon all concerned to refrain from such human rights abuses, and instead to promote respect for international humanitarian law and non-violent forms of conflict resolution, and to cultivate a culture of peace.

  The importance of demonstrating our commitment and political will to prevent sexual violence, combat impunity and enforce accountability by prosecuting those responsible for perpetrating such crimes against civilians cannot be overemphasized. In addition, we wish to stress the importance for States, with the support of the international community, of strengthening efforts to implement the policy of zero tolerance for sexual violence, and to increase access to health care, psychological support, legal assistance and socio-economic reintegration services for victims of sexual violence, in particular in rural areas, taking into account the specific needs of women and children, including those with disabilities.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana attaches great importance to the protection and promotion of the rights and advancement of the status of women. The Government has made considerable achievements in protecting women from all forms of violence and in ensuring a safe and secure environment where their rights are protected. In addition, it has undertaken several initiatives to address violence against women and children. Ending violations of women’s human rights is therefore a moral imperative, and one which we must collectively combat. In that regard, Botswana strongly condemns all forms of violence against women and children and supports all efforts aimed at preventing and eliminating violence, including sexual violence against women and children. 

  
  

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, we need to pay greater attention to sexual violence in post-conflict settings. While many incidents of sexual violence have been reported after the end of conflict, it is regrettable that few ceasefire or peace agreements include provisions for conflict-related sexual violence. As the report of the Secretary General rightly points out, the inclusion of such provisions can increase the durability of peace by mitigating security fears, as well as addressing the sexual violence itself. In that regard, we welcome the publication by the Department of Political Affairs of the United Nations Guidance for Mediators on Addressing Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in Ceasefire and Peace Agreement. We encourage United Nations envoys and mediators to ensure that conflict-related sexual violence is properly addressed in preventive diplomacy efforts, mediation and peace processes, based upon the Guidance.

  Thirdly, more attention needs to be given to the prevention of conflict-related sexual violence. Sexual violence is not a corollary of conflict, but it can be prevented. In that regard, we note with appreciation a series of recent United Nations initiatives to that end, including the development of scenario-based predeployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence in peacekeeping operations. In addition, we welcome the development of a framework of early warning signs that are specific to conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that Member States, donors and regional organizations, for their part, need to enhance their efforts to strengthen national and regional prevention mechanisms, drawing upon, as appropriate, the United Nations early-warning system and training courses.

  As a member of the Group of Friends of resolution 1325 (2000), the Republic of Korea has actively engaged in the international cooperation for the prevention of sexual violence against women and girls in conflict and post-conflict situations. In the firm belief that proper training for peacekeepers is indispensable to preventing and responding to sexual violence in conflict situations, the Korean Government has been bolstering its predeployment gender training for military and police personnel deploying to United Nations peacekeeping operations. The Korean Government has also strengthened its efforts to enable those personnel to have a better understanding of gender and cultural differences in the traditional and historical context of the host communities by carrying out cultural-awareness and sensitivity training.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   It is crucial to sustained peace and development that we address impunity for sexual violence. It is the duty of all States to investigate and prosecute those crimes. We commend the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law, including their support to countries in ending impunity — for example, through assistance to prosecution support cells established by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the deployment of female magistrates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We also encourage the Council to use all means at its disposal to end impunity for sexual violence in conflict, including through referrals to International Criminal Court, mandating commissions of inquiry and by explicitly condemning such violations.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   Finally, the European Union continues to implement its dedicated policy on women, peace and security, adopted in 2008, making use of tools as diverse as development cooperation, the Common Security and Defence Policy and political dialogue. The varied EU support to initiatives related to women, peace and security amounts to approximately €200 million per year. The European Union now has gender advisers or focal points in each of its crisis management missions around the world. We continue our work on specific training modules on human rights and gender in crisis management, ensuring a focus on sexual violence in armed conflicts. The EU continues to work closely with the United Nations — for example, through its support to UN-Women in carrying out the project “Women Connect across Conflicts”, which is aimed at building accountability for the implementation of the Council’s relevant resolutions.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

   

  It is also important that the role of women not be minimized in any way at this level. Their inputs are integral to enhancing civilian capacity, especially in the most affected developing countries. Indonesia believes that dialogue, partnership and cooperation within the framework of the global South are of critical importance to the peacebuilding capacities of developing countries.

   

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  Predeployment gender-related training for peacekeepers is also significant in contributing to a more enhanced understanding of the protection of women and children by United Nations peacekeepers. The gender training workshop for peacekeepers that will be held in Indonesia next April is part of such efforts.

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The challenge is to ensure that our outrage translates into determined and purposeful action, yielding early and measurable results. Before commenting further on the Secretary-General’s report, I would wish to note actions undertaken by my Government in the past few months.

  Our Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister addressed the Security Council two weeks ago (see S/PV.6715) in his capacity as Chairperson-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In his statement, he made clear that the issue of women and peace and security will receive strong emphasis throughout Ireland’s chairing of the Organization. A new Special Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office on Gender Issues, Ms. June Zeitlin, has been appointed. Ireland is also providing a dedicated military officer, based at our Permanent Mission to the OSCE in Vienna, to examine ways in which the OSCE can support the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and related resolutions.

  Ireland has also wished to demonstrate at the national level its strong continuing support for the work of the Special Representative of the Secretary- General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. As a concrete demonstration of that support, we have made a financial contribution to the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. Aware that the Team of Experts relies upon extra budgetary resources, we were pleased to be able to contribute $135,000 at the end of last year.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

    Major General Patrick Cammaert, the former Commander of United Nations peacekeeping forces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo said:
  “Rape is an extremely cheap weapon, but has vast and far-reaching effects. With the single weapon of rape, soldiers and militants can disrupt and destroy the fabric of society. Rape sows fear; it spreads sexually transmitted disease. It excludes women from participation in civic life.”

  
  In the year since the Security Council adopted resolution 1960 (2010), the instances of sexual violence have only increased. We must act with common purpose in the face of these atrocities. We must have zero tolerance for the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war. Israel was a proud to sponsor of resolution 1960 (2010) and the previous resolutions on women and peace and security. It is time for the international community to breathe life into the words contained in these resolutions with concrete actions on the ground.

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) offers clear guidance on important steps that the international community must take. For instance, operationally, those listed in the annex of these reports should face additional measures from the Security Council sanctions committees. Israel also strongly supports the recommendation to include provisions for conflictrelated sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Kenya welcomes the leadership shown by Togo in holding this debate during its presidency. The United Nations is commemorating the twelfth year since the unanimous adoption of resolution 1325 (2000) and two years since the adoption of resolution 1960 (2010). My delegation notes with satisfaction the commitment shown by Member States, the United Nations system, civil society and other actors in implementing those and related resolutions. Those resolutions, together with other international instruments constitute the bedrock for women’s work on peace and security and also the basis for cooperation among all actors involved in this field. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Violence against women in all its manifestations must be dealt with firmly and decisively. In that regard, my delegation reiterates Kenya’s commitment to the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and the follow-up resolutions.

  Sexual abuse is perhaps the most dehumanizing crime known to humankind. The international community currently has the framework to bring about more action and visibility to address this heinous crime in times of conflict. Prevention is the cornerstone of any strategy to address the challenges that society faces. We therefore must address the underlying causes of conflict that provide the springboard for redressing sexual abuse cases.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Following the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, the Government set out an ambitious plan to put in place a new Constitution and build and strengthen institutions of governance that would be accountable to and responsive to the needs of its citizens. In clear recognition that all human development and human rights issues, including peace and security, have gender dimensions, Kenya has made great advances in mainstreaming gender in its institutions of governance. Indeed, arguably, such advances have not been made by any country in such a short period of time and during peacetime.

  The judiciary is now fiercely independent; the investigation and prosecution branches have been revamped. A new Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission has been established to better manage elections. Other institutions, such as the National Cohesion and Integration Commission and the Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution, have also been established and are currently monitoring the pace and quality of reforms, including the enactment of necessary legislation to avert any recurrence of events similar to those of 2007.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The Kenyan Constitution has entrenched women’s participation in all aspects of Kenya’s governance structures and societal life in general. By promoting full and effective participation and granting the Kenyan woman her rightful place at the decision making table, Kenya has ensured that there shall be nothing about society without women’s involvement and genuine participation. But ever since the African Union/United Nations-sponsored mediation process that led to the formation of the coalition Government, Kenya has remained true to its promises and strived, against great odds, to carry out its obligations responsibly. No single, simple metric conveys better the contrast between the situation as it then was and is now. Kenya’s cooperation with the International Criminal Court and the putting in place of key legislation, such as the International Crimes Act and the Witness Protection Act, provide necessary legal safeguards for the effective prosecution of the perpetrators of post-election violence. Kenya is grateful to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for its continued support in this regard. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The main thrust of resolution 1960 (2010) is the creation of an accountability system listing those parties credibly suspected of committing or responsible for patterns of sexual violence. Needless to say, there are no ongoing patterns of sexual violence in Kenya today, and none of the activities reported concerning Kenya took place during the current reporting period of 2010-2011. The post-election violence of January 2008 is therefore way outside the mandated reporting period. Additionally, Kenya’s report has been lumped together with another situation with which there is no correlation. This is not to say that Kenya has not taken any action to redress the situation described in the report. Indeed, the Attorney General and the Chief Justice, both newly appointed, have been holding consultations on how best to deal with these cases. 

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has significantly advanced international law by including sexual violence in the definition of crimes, in particular, as a crime against humanity. The ICC therefore represents an important mechanism in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence. We call on the Council to use all means at its disposal to strengthen the fight against impunity for those violations by making better use of targeted measures, including sanctions and referrals to the ICC. In addition to collecting information on trends and perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, we must simultaneously ensure that support services for victims are sufficiently funded.  

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation has therefore pledged to continue its financial support for the ICC Trust Fund for Victims, which adopts a gender-based perspective across all programmes and specifically aims to assist victims of all forms of sexual and gender-based violence. The Trust Fund provides direct assistance to victims, and thus has an immediate impact on the ground.

  As a member of the group of five small States, my delegation is a long-standing supporter of the consistent mainstreaming of the Council’s thematic agenda into its country-specific work. To support the Council’s efforts in mainstreaming its thematic agenda on women, peace and security, my delegation organized a workshop, from 28 to 30 January in Schaan, Liechtenstein, hosted by Foreign Minister Aurelia Frick, on the implementation of the women, peace and security agenda in Afghanistan. The workshop was organized in close partnership with the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton University, and was supported by the delegations of Afghanistan and Germany.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  Since the most recent public debate of the Council on the issue at hand (S/PV.6642) on 28 October 2011, Luxembourg has further intensified its commitment to supporting women in armed conflict, including through its support of the work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. This is our response to the Secretary-General’s call on Member States, reiterated in this year’s report, to provide the resources necessary to enable the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions.

  In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a sub-regional workshop was organized in November 2011 in Goma, with the support of Luxembourg, by the Office of Gender Affairs of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to promote exchanges of experiences among women’s organizations in the Great Lakes region in the areas of peace, security and prevention of election-related violence. The workshop sought to help reduce the risk of the outbreak of conflict before, during and after elections. Training was also offered to improve conditions in order to promote women’s participation in provincial and local elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  With the support of Luxembourg, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has been able to implement similar initiatives in Timor-Leste and in Haiti. This year, again with our support, a national workshop in the Republic of South Sudan and a workshop for West Africa in Liberia will be held with the shared objective of strengthening the contributions of United Nations peacekeeping operations to increasing women’s representation at all levels within national, regional and international institutions and to reinforcing mechanisms for the prevention, management and resolution of conflict.

  The fight against conflict-related sexual violence is a moral obligation that we must fulfil together. Luxembourg can be counted on to continue its contribution to that collective effort.
   

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  We support the recommendation of the Secretary General that sexual violence be included in the definition of acts that are prohibited under ceasefire agreements and peace and reconciliation processes. To date, only a few such agreements address this issue. If it is not addressed in an integrated way, there is a risk that sexual violence will continue to be used as a weapon of war.

  At the national level, we must have effective national legislative frameworks that prevent sexual violence, eradicate impunity and provide for educational and awareness-raising programmes to prevent the stigmatization of victims. As we all know, this is one of the root causes of impunity.

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me to address the issue of women in promoting peace and security and what we have been trying to do to enhance the empowerment of women in general in the post-conflict situation. Nepal has come a long way after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 in terms of ensuring women’s participation at the decision-making level. The election S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 14 12-23937 of women to one-third of the seats in Parliament has sent a very strong signal about the unprecedented equality and empowerment of women, with deep reverberations of change in Nepalese society.

  Nepal has accorded high priority to the implementation of the many Security Council resolutions on women and peace and security as we move from conflict to durable peace, stability and economic development. In that context, Nepal is proud to stand with its distinctive five-year national action plan for the effective implementation of the Council’s resolutions on women and peace and security. We have already started the implementation of our national action plan through a multi-pronged approach whereby Parliament, Government ministries, judiciaries, political parties and civil society are involved in their respective areas. That will ensure the meaningful participation by women at all levels of the decisionmaking process of governance, including in conflict transformation and peacebuilding processes. We have also put in place mechanisms at the local level, together with some strong monitoring mechanisms, to follow up on implementation. We welcome the genuine partnership and collaboration of the international community in our endeavour. In that regard, we reiterate our conviction that partnership and cooperation must be forged for building and promoting national capacity.

  Nepal has taken a number of initiatives to take care of the special needs of women and bring them forward. It is mandatory that women participate at a rate of at least 33 per cent in the constitution of local peace committees at the district level, which are empowered to address post-conflict-related issues at the local level. Nepal has been implementing gender-based budgeting for some years, through which gender mainstreaming has been getting special attention in all development activities. Nepal has introduced a policy of affirmative action in various areas, including in the civil service, with a view to ensuring that women participate at the decision-making level in the public sector.

  We have adopted various measures to fight against sexual and gender-based violence, notably by establishing of a follow-up office in the Office of the Prime Minister, a gender violence prevention fund, and gender violence control committees in all 75 districts of the country. We are committed to expanding women and children service centres in police stations across the country to ensure the expeditious investigation and the prosecution of cases of sexual and gender-based violence. Furthermore, we are committed not only to increasing the number of women in our army and police force, but also to contributing an increasing number of them to United Nations peacekeeping operations. We have integrated the essential portion of courses on the protection of women and girls from sexual violence during and after conflict in our peacekeeping training package. Nepal is fully aware of the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy and has expressed its commitment to fully supporting the endeavour.
   

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General contained in document S/2012/33 gives the impression that no action has been taken against perpetrators of sexual violence in Nepal. That is not corroborated by facts on the ground. Perpetrators of sexual violence have been punished by the judiciary. Although there are some individual cases, let me also make it clear that sexual violence was never used as a policy of coercion by either of the parties during the conflict in Nepal.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  We agree with the Secretary-General that women are decisive players in the context of the three pillars required for lasting peace: economic recovery, social cohesion and political legitimacy. In that context, in post-conflict stages it is vital that stress be put on strengthening the rule of law as well as the social, economic and political empowerment of women, without any discrimination, ensuring their full integration into the community and their full political participation.

  Peru believes that the high-level consideration of the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) proposed for 2015 would be an opportunity to consider, in a comprehensive manner, the progress made by the United Nations system and the measures promoted and adopted by Member States in priority prevention areas, which are participation, protection, assistance and recovery, and to consider the establishment of a working group charged with following up that resolution.
  
  Since resolution 1325 (2000) was adopted, we have made progress in recognizing the importance of women’s participation in peace and security. However, many challenges remain to which we must respond, and we must work jointly to ensure that women and girls can fully and without discrimination exercise their personal, employment, economic and social rights, which are recognized in international instruments, including their right to live without fear, without violence, with respect and with equal opportunities.

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  In recent months, in application of Spain’s national action plan on resolution 1325 (2000) and other associated resolutions, we have engaged in several activities, especially in the area of training, that I wish to highlight. We are firmly convinced that training is an essential aspect of our efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict.

  First, last November the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation and the Ministry of Defence organized, together with the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Defence of the Netherlands, the second offering of the international pilot course on the gender perspective in peacekeeping operations, which took place in The Hague. The purpose of the seminars is to promote the inclusion of the gender perspective in all peacebuilding activities and to ensure specific training of personnel participating in those missions. We plan to continue to offer the courses every six months, alternating between the Netherlands and Spain.
   

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  Moreover, in order to raise the profile of gender advisers and ensure the inclusion of the gender perspective in peacekeeping missions, the Ministry of Defence of Spain organized a course in late October 2011 on the gender perspective in operations, with conferences for members of the armed forces on equal opportunity, setting norms on gender issues, and the fight against rape and sexual violence in conflict.

  The next course for high officials in peacekeeping operations, to be organized in coordination with the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and held in May in Kigali, Rwanda will deal specifically with the issue before us today, with particular emphasis on the fight against sexual violence in conflict.
   

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  My Government is currently conducting its third review of the national action plan on women and peace and security, incorporating the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s reports and in the resolutions, statements and decisions of the Security Council, especially those relating to sexual violence in conflict. My delegation welcomes the fact that the members of the Security Council have also been able to reach agreement on this important issue.

  Finally, I again thank the Special Representative for her words and for her work. We hope that her work and the work of her Team of Experts, together with UN-Women, in cooperation with all other actors, will help to cement the commitments needed to finally put an end to sexual violence in  

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  In addition, as an incremental step to enhance the mechanisms to safeguard the rights of women that are already in place in Sri Lanka, the Government has developed a national action plan for the promotion and protection of human rights, which has been approved by the Cabinet of Ministers. The national action plan contains a specific section dedicated to the rights of women, covering a plethora of issues. The priority area on women in this new mechanism focuses on enhancing and strengthening the rights of women through proactive measures. Currently, the national action plan is at the implementation stage. It characterizes the Government’s commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, especially those relating to women. In addition, His Excellency President Mahinda Rajapaksa appointed the Commission of Inquiry on Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation in May 2011, which heard testimony in many parts of the island, especially in the former conflict-affected areas. The Commission submitted its report in November 2011 and, subsequently, it was introduced in Parliament on 16 December 2011. It is now a public document. The report offers detailed observations and recommendations on international humanitarian law issues and on grievances, in particular those of women, relating to the final phase of the conflict.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  On the basis of these examples and this short introduction to the progress we have made in enhancing the role of women in the Sudan, let me now move on to the main focus of our discussion here today. We reject and stand firm against all practices of injustice and violence against women. In 2007, we adopted a national strategy that was developed in consultation with all relevant official and civic bodies, including governmental entities and representatives of civil society, including the civil society representative who sits on my right side here today. We appreciate her role in this regard.

  The national strategy adopted in the Sudan encompassed six areas of focus for measures to enhance and upgrade the status women, including peacebuilding and the preservation of rights, participation in decision-making, economic development, education, health, the environment, and dispute settlement. The strategy has been applied at all federal and state levels. The Government of the Sudan has established numerous specialized centres at all levels to coordinate the efforts of women in the fields of peace and development and to provide opportunities for consultation on promoting gender equity and the principles of equality.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  Last month, there was another positive development with the Sudan’s establishment of its national human rights commission. A woman with more than 30 years of judicial experience was appointed commissioner. A special court was also established in Darfur. A prosecutor general was appointed to examine all alleged violations perpetrated in Darfur since 2003, including violence against women. That is also an concrete, positive development. All of the perpetrators of violence against women will be brought to justice in fair trials, and will be punished accordingly.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  In order to incorporate those important aspects in the preparations for peacekeeping missions, all Nordic military and police personnel receive training on resolution 1325 (2000). A joint Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations was established last month in Stockholm. The aim of the Centre is to raise the countries’ competence in gender issues within planning, execution and evaluation in military operations. The Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations will act as a hub for information, knowledge and experiences. The Centre will continuously support and cooperate with the United Nations, the European Union, NATO and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and other relevant actors. On this note, we particularly welcome the Department of Peacekeeping Operations continuing work on training, as addressed by UnderSecretary-General Ladsous earlier today.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  I would first like to congratulate you, Mr. President, for your initiative in organizing this important open debate on women and peace and security. I also thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations for their excellent statements.

  My delegation appreciates the opportunity to participate in this debate. We reiterate Tunisia’s longstanding commitment to promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment, especially in relation to conflict situations, as well as our determination to properly implement the goals of resolution 1325 (2000), of which my country was one of the authors. Tunisia continues to be profoundly convinced that peace, development and democracy will not be achieved without women’s participation as powerful actors of change.
  

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  Tunisia, for its part, has begun to implement a plan of action for the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), which, inter alia, encourages the training of women in the area of peacekeeping and peace building, in order to be able to deploy qualified personnel to United Nations missions in the field. It is intended in particular to improve pre-deployment training, with particular stress on special measures to protect women against all forms of violence.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  It is clear, however, that despite the progress achieved, violence against women in armed conflict persists, as is reflected in the most recent report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence. This is a reminder that a great deal remains to be done in order to achieve all of the objectives set out in resolution 1325 (2000), and that it is very important that the Security Council remain seized of this issue and take additional, vigorous measures aimed at strengthening the protection of women in armed conflicts.

  National ownership of the relevant resolutions of the Security Council remains the best way to ensure their effective implementation. In that context, it is up to States, first and foremost, to take the coercive and awareness-raising measures necessary to resolve the problem. Civil society organizations should also contribute significantly to strengthening the protection of women in that context, with a view to making it possible to amplify the voices of women victims of violence, break the silence on their suffering, and support the awareness-raising initiatives taken on their behalf.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  To conclude, I wish to reiterate that my country remains at the disposal of the United Nations in the context of any action relating to the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and of other international instruments aimed at strengthening the full participation of women in the decision-making process and at ensuring a deep-rooted culture of human rights, as a fundamental guarantee of the elimination of all forms of violence against women.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Viet Nam is of the view that the diverse nature of violence against women and girls requires a comprehensive approach. The United Nations therefore plays an important role in coordinating with Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, especially UN-Women, civil society and other stakeholders, in promoting the recognition and integration of women in the area of peace and security and in intensifying international efforts to end sexual violence against women and girls in a coherent manner and with gender sensitivity

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The DPKO and the Department of Field Support stand ready to provide the necessary support to encourage Governments to institutionalize the prohibition and prevention of and accountability for 

  conflict-related sexual violence through the development of policies and national security sector training. We must recognize the close links between time-bound commitments and security sector 

  development. Meticulous and systematic assessments of armed groups must be part of any integration policy in national forces. 

  We are proud to be an active member of the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1888 (2009). 

  Accountability for sexual violence must be established to combat sexual discrimination and inequality. The reform of existing legislation, access to a functional justice system and witness protection programmes are 

  fundamental. Political will is also essential to ensure that perpetrators of international human rights and humanitarian law violations, including sexual violence, are tried and held accountable. The rule of law as a 

  whole must prevail, by means of security and judicial sectors, including correctional systems.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Capacity-building is an important element of the sexual violence mandate, which we are carrying out in support of host Governments and within our missions. For example, in Timor-Leste, Liberia, Haiti and Darfur, 

  United Nations police work in support of the national police to develop dedicated spaces to receive survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. For example, three such spaces are being launched this month in atrisk camps in Haiti. To that end, the Police Division is working with police-contributing countries to develop training and trainer modules to standardize the prevention and investigation of sexual and genderbased violence in post-conflict environments, for 

  United Nations police and national police forces. In the course of last year, 103 police trainers were certified through five regional training courses. 

  To capacitate our military components, we have developed training modules, in consultation with Member States, to accompany the military gender guidelines. We are piloting them regionally. We have 

  also introduced a module on conflict-related sexual violence, developed under the auspices of UN Action into the DPKO/DFS protection of civilians training modules for military, police and civilian components. 

  Those modules were recently finalized and disseminated to our missions and key peacekeeping training partners.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  It is important to underscore that the host Government is ultimately responsible for the protection of its civilian population. Missions cannot act as a surrogate for State authority. Where mandated, therefore, we must strengthen frail State institutions, to facilitate their protection response. In that regard, we welcome the recent adoption of the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces, which ultimately strengthens the  protection abilities of the host Government’s forces.  

  MONUSCO is implementing that policy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which makes the Mission’s support to the Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and the Police nationale civile (PNC) conditional on their respect of international humanitarian law, human rights law and refugee law. The policy seeks to improve FARDC behaviour through screening the chain of command of its units for past humanitarian law and human rights

  violations, including acts of sexual violence, before support is provided by the Mission. Indeed, in the course of last year, MONUSCO screened more than 2,000 FARDC and PNC personnel. Support was suspended to two FARDC battalions based on evidence of human rights violations. I am pleased to highlight that collaboration and progress has been achieved with the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Last month I also had another meeting with a senior general commanding FARDC forces in North Kivu, who acknowledged that our due diligence policy had now been fully understood and taken on by himself and his troops: they respect and take full account of our requirements in the matter.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, I would like to underline that political, social and economic empowerment of women in fragile States is fundamental to eradicating discrimination, inequality and sexual and  gender-based violence. Women’s exclusion from the sectors responsible for their disempowerment must be addressed through adopting the principles of resolution 1325 (2000) and mobilizing strong political will. Political will is what it is really about

  
  

• Human Security Network

  February 23, 2012

  However, it is deeply disturbing that today we continue to witness rapes of women, girls and children in general, in countries in armed conflict but also in other situations, including post-conflict situations. We recognize the efforts made by some Governments to put an end to these crimes, to strengthen judicial systems and to bring those responsible to justice. However, as the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) shows, progress remains slow, and in practice the perpetrators of crimes against women and girls often go unpunished.

  The Human Security Network therefore urges Member States to increase their efforts to prevent conflict-related sexual violence by undertaking all necessary efforts to implement all applicable legal provisions in the matter. The primary responsibility is theirs. But, at the same time, this constitutes a challenge for the international community as a whole, especially for regional and subregional organizations. Their role in supporting the efforts of those countries is crucial. The message must be clear; there shall be no impunity for the perpetrators of such crimes, and the countries affected and the international community will not rest until there is accountability and justice is done.

  The provision of genuine support, protection and the relevant services to the victims and their families is equally as important as rendering justice. In that context, the support given at the community level is vital. Projects that directly assist victims and their families to help them overcome the trauma inflicted upon them are of particularly great value.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, survivors demand nothing less than justice and an end to impunity. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence must be included at every stage, from ceasefire agreements to all aspects of 

  post-conflict reconstruction. That is central both to preventing future crimes of sexual violence against women and to the healing of societies. At both the national and international levels, security sectors and judicial systems must address the culture of impunity for these crimes. Measures must include improved vetting of reintegrated soldiers and bringing suspected perpetrators to justice, in domestic courts where possible or through referral of situations to the 

  International Criminal Court and other international courts for prosecution. Where those systems are failing survivors, comprehensive reforms should be mandatory. Maintaining the full dignity of survivors must be at the core of all of these processes. As a Libyan, I want to emphasize the need to hold accountable all parties involved in any act of sexual violence, and to prosecute them accordingly. That includes politicians and military commanders who order or permit such acts as a weapon of war, as well as those who commit the crime. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  One such tool is the report being debated today. It provides striking examples of sexual violence as a threat to security and an impediment to peacebuilding. 

  No one can read that report and remain unmoved. But, as many participants have asked me, what does it mean to appear in the Secretary-General’s report? I would 

  like to address that head-on by highlighting three key implications. First, the report, based on United Nations-verified information, is an instrument in the hands of political 

  leaders to help them track and address sexual violence that is linked with insecurity. It cites illustrative incidents that point to larger patterns. As the new monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements 

  mature, they will yield a deeper evidence base for action. Secondly, it does not highlight only horror stories. Such reports are a place to feature the stories of actions that have made a difference, such as enforcing 

  command responsibility and vetting perpetrators from the security forces. It is in the interests of every Government to ensure that the national uniform symbolizes professionalism, discipline and service, not 

  rape, pillage and terror.  The third point is that it provides a baseline for systematic engagement with parties to armed conflict, with the consent and partnership of Governments. Such 

  reports are vehicles for putting names to some of history’s complex horrors. The acts of sexual torture and terror recorded here are not inevitable by-products of war, but crimes committed by combatants and their 

  commanders. The fog of war does not absolve them of their responsibilities. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   At its heart, resolution 1960 (2010) is about prevention. It creates, for the first time, a workable system of deterrence and accountability in response to conflict-related sexual violence. This compliance 

  regime includes a listing option as leverage. In relation to other protection issues, such as ending the recruitment of child soldiers, the practice of listing has yielded tangible results. Expanding the 

  naming and shaming list on children to those credibly suspected of patterns of sexual violence against adult women and men has made the approach comprehensive and the message to armed groups clear. The point is to 

  cease all acts of rape, whether the victim is 8, 18 or 80.  I will never forget the story of an elderly woman I met in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who told me that she had felt secure in the belief that 

  she was too old to be raped, that she could be the soldier’s grandmother. But that did not protect her. While not a panacea, the list is an important tool. It reminds those who commit, command or condone 

  sexual violence that they can no longer sleep easily at night under the cover of impunity and anonymity. The practice of listing shows that this is not just a war of 

  words. Yes, preventive diplomacy is important. And yes, zero-tolerance policies matter. But ultimately, rape must carry consequences. Some have said this exercise 

  is too optimistic, too ambitious. But surely we must bring all measures to bear in addressing this scourge.  The vision is to create conditions in which armed 

  groups see sexual violence as a liability that will invite national and international scrutiny and censure unless concrete measures are taken. These measures are 

  outlined in resolution 1960 (2010) as a basis for delisting. They include the issuance of orders through chains of command and the prohibition of sexual violence in codes of conduct, as well as timely 

  investigation of alleged abuses to hold perpetrators accountable. A command structure with the capacity to sustain military operations and to punish deserters has the capacity to rein in acts of rape.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a frame of reference, the term “conflictrelated sexual violence” has been critical in channelling relevant information from the country level to the Security Council. This framing mirrors the 

  resolutions by focusing on violence that has a nexus with peace and security, rather than on isolated incidents.  Isolated acts of rape occur in all societies, in times of war and of peace. These crimes need to be 

  addressed by the national law-and-order machinery. However, when sexual violence is driven by the dynamics of conflict, is widespread or systematic, constitutes a grave breach of international 

  humanitarian law, or is used for military or political gain, it also warrants consideration by this body, in line with its competence under  the Charter of the United Nations. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a process of intimidation, targeted rape is often a precursor to conflict, as well as the last weapon to be relinquished in its wake. It is important not to exclude from consideration sexual violence that 

  continues after the guns fall silent. Sexual violence that is normalized, owing to impunity, or committed by recently demobilized combatants is also a security issue that requires a security response. 

   Such violence subverts efforts to cement the peace. We know that a ceasefire does not mean peace for women if the shooting ceases but the rapes continue unchecked. Such violence should be included in the 

  definition of a ceasefire and in the monitoring provisions. Monitoring teams must be gender balanced, not gender blind. But to date, just three ceasefire agreements have included sexual violence. The new 

  guidance for mediators on  addressing conflict-related sexual violence, developed by Department of Political Affairs, will fill an analytical and practical gap. 

   Modern history attests that post-war rarely means post-rape. In Liberia, I have seen how sexual violence during the civil war left a profound imprint on society. Addressing that legacy is not just a moral, but an 

  operational, imperative. It is a credibility test for the nascent military and police forces. To echo what has been said so often within these walls, impunity fuels the vicious cycle of violence. Peace is not only the 

  absence of conflict, but the presence of justice.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  In three days, we will commemorate the twentieth anniversary of atrocious crimes committed against the Azerbaijani civilians of the town of Khojaly, where during one night hundreds ofcivilians were killed only because they were Azerbaijanis. Not even women and children were spared by the invading troops. In its resolutions adopted in 1993 in response to the occupation of Azerbaijani territories, the Security Council referred specifically to violations of international humanitarian law and attacks on civilians. We are confident that consistent measures being taken at the national level, as well as the existing international legal framework, will serve to bring to justice those responsible for crimes in Khojaly and other grave offences committed during the occupation of Azerbaijan’s territories. It is incontrovertible today that no official or political status cloaks the person concerned with immunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community.  

  
  

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption by the Security Council of the landmark resolution 1325 (2001) was an important milestone that took up the issue of women and peace and security as a separate thematic issue and brought international visibility to the plight of women and girls in situations of armed conflict. The subsequent Council resolutions, presidential statements and other relevant documents have contributed to developing a solid framework and raising awareness of the impact that sexual violence has on victims’ families and societies. The heightened vulnerability of civilians in wartime — in particular forcibly displaced persons, refugees, women and children — brings an element of urgency, dedication and strong commitment to our protection efforts, which must be free of selectivity and politically motivated approaches and preferences. Azerbaijan notes the role that the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict must play in that regard. 

  
  

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  Among the pressing issues requiring urgent action and attention is that of women taken hostage and reported missing in connection with armed conflict. We are continuing our efforts to address that disturbing phenomenon, including through the relevant biennial resolution of the General Assembly and the Commission on the Status of Women, of which Azerbaijan is a main sponsor. In that regard, I would like to recall that, inter alia, at its fifty-fourth session, the Commission called for the immediate release of women and children taken hostage in armed conflicts, including by strengthening international cooperation to that end. More resolute and
  targeted measures are required to end impunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including those committed against women in situations of armed conflict. Combating impunity is important not only for the purposes of prosecuting such crimes and bringing those responsible to justice, but also for ensuring sustainable peace, truth and reconciliation.  

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  to avoid and lessen the harm suffered by women in armed conflicts, we should first of all prevent wars and reduce the number of conflicts. The Security Council bears the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. To safeguard the rights and interests of women, the Council should actively engage in preventive diplomacy and promote the settlement of disputes by peaceful means, including dialogue and consultations. The mandates of the Council’s resolutions should be comprehensively and strictly implemented. They must not be abused and, even less so, exceeded. Actions to provide protection for civilians should pay particular attention to avoiding further casualties among women and children. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  in addressing questions related to women, peace and security, including sexual violence, there should be a division of labour among the relevant United Nations organs, which should collaborate with each other. In accordance with its Charter mandate, the Security Council should concern itself with situations that constitute a threat to international peace and security. At the same time, full play should be given to the role of other United Nations organs and bodies, such as the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Human Rights Council and UN-Women, which should endeavour to generate synergy.  

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the body of the report of the Secretary-General on conflict-related sexual violence that we are considering today (S/2012/33), I would like to draw attention to the definition of the task used throughout it. On the one hand, throughout the report, the expression “conflict-related sexual violence” is used. That is different from that used by the Council in all its previous resolutions and statements, namely, “sexual violence in armed conflict”. On the other hand, in resolution 1960 (2010), when the Council requested the Secretary-General to deal with conflict-related situations, such as post-conflict situations or other situations relevant to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), it did so solely and exclusively to enable data collection by means of the monitoring and reporting arrangements.

  The report therefore reflects the fact that not only is the precise concept of sexual violence in armed conflict being abandoned, but it would also seem that the arrangement can now be applied to the broader concept of incidents or standards of behaviour occurring in other situations that are cause for concern. In our view, that is not covered by resolution 1960 (2010).
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Regarding the recommendations contained in the report, Colombia understands that by urging the Council to increase pressure on perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, including the individuals and parties named in the report, the Secretary-General is referring to those named in the report’s annex, that is to say, the situations being considered by the Council and the sanctions committees set up with regard to such situations, which have adopted clear and precise criteria and procedures. We must not lose sight of the fact that each situation is specific, as are the elements of each mandate issued by the Council.

  My delegation reiterates its position with regard to the possible establishment of dialogue with parties to conflict for commitments to prevent sexual violence and hold perpetrators accountable in that the establishment of such dialogue must observe national laws and policies. If a State, as in the case of Colombia, has a policy whereby any dialogue between the United Nations and illegal armed groups operating in the country must take place with the prior explicit authorization of the Government, that decision must be respected.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Colombia attaches the greatest importance to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of sexual violence in armed conflicts. As a result, we are resolutely determined to address this complex series of problems. Our national authorities as a whole are taking action to foster a culture of zero tolerance for violations of human rights, zero tolerance for violence against women and, in particular, zero tolerance for sexual violence. Colombia has legislation ensuring women a life free of any sort of violence in both the public and private spheres and an institutional structure capable of implementing such measures.

  Colombia’s Law No. 1448 of 2011, on care, assistance and full reparation to the victims of internal armed conflict — as highlighted by the Secretary-General in his report — sets out different measures and guarantees of non-recurrence for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence. This is a decisive step forward by the State to deal with these problems in a coordinated and consistent fashion.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  The effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security is a priority for France, which worked actively for their adoption. It also worked to strengthen attention to this issue within the European Union. At the national level, at the end of 2010 France adopted an action plan for the implementation of the resolutions on women, peace and security. We welcome the progress described in the report of the Special Representative regarding the establishment of institutional mechanisms to implement resolutions adopted by the Security Council. I point particularly to the progressive implementation of monitoring, analysis and communication arrangements, which will make it possible to gather information on sexual violence. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  Given the magnitude of the challenges facing the United Nations, France fully supports the mandate of the Special Representative. Resolution 1960 (2010), adopted in December 2010, marked a political commitment to use all the means available to the Security Council to ensure that sexual violence is prevented. It is up to us today to do our utmost to ensure that that resolution is implemented. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  We also welcome the establishment of a list of parties, annexed to the report of the Special Representative, pursuant to resolution 1960 (2010). This list should make it possible to improve communication of information on troubling situations. It is indeed a decisive step forward in combating impunity for the perpetrators of sexual violence, another imperative in our combat against this scourge. The perpetrators of such violence must be brought to justice and sentenced with all due severity. The Council has a crucial role to play in that regard, both by adopting targeted measures against perpetrators of gender-based violence in the context of the relevant sanctions committees and through its ability to refer situations to the International Criminal Court. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  Lastly, it is essential to pursue our efforts to implement a zero-tolerance policy in peacekeeping operations. The United Nations system and Member States must bear their responsibilities in that regard. We should set an example. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  What more can the Security Council, UN organizations and Member States do? First, our key goal should be prevention and not mere reaction. To facilitate such an approach, exact and reliable data and early-warning mechanisms, as mentioned in the Secretary General’s report, are crucial. Awareness-raising and training, especially for peace-keepers and police-officers should also be high on our agenda. Whenever a peacekeeping mandate is renewed, this Council needs to make sure that it also contains provisions to monitor sexual violence. Another aspect often overlooked when discussing prevention of violence, but mentioned today by the SRSG, are small arms: There is some evidence that, especially after an armed conflict, the ready availability of small arms increases the threat of their use especially against women and children. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  The work that the Security Council had been developing during the last three years had the purpose of trying to strengthen collective measures to combat sexual violence in armed conflicts. The adoption of resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) underscored the commitment of the Council to fight against violence and the terror that women have suffered in an altogether unacceptable way, as a result of sexual violence during armed conflicts. The work that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has undertaken has been a crucial part of that effort. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We applaud some of the conceptual advances contained in the Secretary-General's Report, in proposing a more detailed characterization on the scope of conflict-related sexual violence, based on the analysis and trends of some twenty situations on the ground. This offers a greater basis for preventive measures and the possible use of early warning systems, as well as improvement in the access of services for victims – or, to use the term of the Report, survivors -of this phenomenon.  

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We agree to a large extent with the specific recommendation of the Secretary General. We must bring greater pressure to bear against those responsible for acts of sexual violence in armed conflict. In this regard, we support the list of parties, and even individuals, that are credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Security Council agenda. We also feel that the Council should systematically reflect the sexual violence in armed conflicts in authorizations and renewals of the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions of the United Nations.  

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  More over, we should guarantee the participation of women in the solution and prevention of conflicts. The rehabilitation and reconstruction aspects are very important tools for the full implementation of Resolution 1325 (2000). Guatemala supports the notion that women should have a predominant role in mediation of controversies. We encourage the Secretary General to appoint more qualified women as Special Representatives and Special Envoys. We express our deep concern at the delay in the deployment of Women Protection Advisors, requested to the Secretary General in Resolution 1888 (2009). We hope that in the future the appointment of the WPA will be made without further delay to fulfill the mandate of said resolution. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We recognize that we have also made some progress over the years. As examples, one can cite the creation of a platform in the Democratic Republic of Congo for the operational coordination of resources dedicated to providing specific services to combat sexual violence in conflicts; or the request for assistance to revitalize the national strategy on sexual violence based on gender in Cote d’Ivoire. Having said the above, we recognized that there is still a long way to go.  

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  It is a matter of deep regret that the international community must repeatedly debate the issue of sexual and other forms of violence against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. That abhorrent behaviour, whether perpetrated by the parties to the armed conflict or by others, must be unequivocally, unambiguously and resolutely condemned. There should be no tolerance for gender-based violence. All such cases must be investigated and the perpetrators prosecuted. Some argue that human rights law and international humanitarian law do not offer enough protection to women and children. Such postulation is a bit extreme. Women’s rights and needs have received the attention they deserve in the codification of international law. The challenge is the effective implementation of the laws and the availability of adequate resources for capacity-building wherever required. That alone will ensure the real impact of our 

  efforts on the ground. By definition, it is States that are parties to the treaty-based system of international law. By and large, they respect them, and when they do not, penalties arise under provisions of the relevant treaties. However, the most egregious crimes against women in times of conflict have been and are being committed by non-State actors, often warring against Governments. They obey no laws and, as experience has shown throughout the past decade, are immune to coercive or punitive measures. The Council therefore needs to consider, in practical terms, how non-State actors, who are responsible for the bulk of the crimes that continue to be committed against women, can be effectively tackled. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  India will continue to contribute positively to United Nations efforts in protecting vulnerable sectors of the population, particularly women and children, in conflict and post-conflict societies. I would also like to emphasize that the international community needs to enhance cooperation by providing new and additional financial resources, sharing experiences and building capacity in the areas of justice and the rule of law. The women and children in our lives ensure our future. They must live in security. While there is much talk of the need to safeguard the interests of women and children, there is less talk of cooperative efforts to ensure sustained economic growth, which alone can eradicate the poverty and deprivation that cause their exclusion. Several studies point out that most of the global poor are women. Globalization has affected both men and women, but women bear the double burden of inequality and marginalization. Empowering them is therefore both crucial and urgent. In considering the role of women in peace and security, the Council, I am certain, will bear in mind  the wider perspective of women’s empowerment, development and peace. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) in December 2010 was one element of a series of initiatives aimed at bolstering the existing legal toolkit for tackling conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established under that resolution should allow for the collection of objective, reliable and credible data on acts of sexual violence. We would also like to see these arrangements serve as a basis for comprehensive strategies to counter sexual violence by strengthening preventive measures, improving medical and psychological support services, and ensuring access to justice for victims.  My delegation would also like to commend the efforts made by the Council to combat sexual violence, in particular with respect to the preparation of the terms of reference for women’s protection advisers, in cooperation with the Department of Political Affairs, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General also takes stock of situations of sexual violence in several regions of the world and of the measures taken by the parties in conflict to put an end to those acts by identifying those responsible, combating impunity of the perpetrators and masterminds, and making available medical, psychological and social assistance for victims and their families. While it is the responsibility of the parties to a conflict to put an end to the grave consequences of sexual violence during conflict for women and girls, coordinated and sustained action by the United Nations, through its various organs, agencies and specialized and programmes, is crucial to progress in existing initiatives. The Kingdom of Morocco is convinced that the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on conflict-related sexual violence also requires improved coordination among the various national and international  actors involved in the combat against sexual violence, as well as a more resolute and sustained commitment on the part of the United Nations in the area of technical assistance and capacity-building. The international community must stand shoulder to shoulder and act in a spirit of solidarity in guaranteeing women who have fallen victim to sexual violence the right to make their voices heard and to express their suffering, bearing in mind our obligation to listen to them, protect them and to ensure that such crimes never again go unpunished.  

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Pakistan’s commitment to the United Nations agenda of peace and security needs no elaboration. For more than half a century, Pakistanis have served in United Nations peacekeeping operations in challenging circumstances. We have noted the Security Council’s enhanced emphasis on addressing violations of the human rights of children and women through new mechanisms, such as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Employed properly and in cooperation with concerned States and other relevant actors, such tools have the potential for good 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  We are supportive of the work that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General is doing, and would like to encourage her to continue to focus on the core of her mandate, that is, situations of armed conflict or occupation. Having carefully read the report of the Secretary-General (S/2012/33), we have some questions and comments on its specifics.

  Ideas such as the inclusion of elections, political strife or civil unrest under “other situations” go beyond the mandate of the Security Council. They run counter to paragraph 8 of resolution 1960 (2010), which clearly confines the whole debate to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), that is, situations of armed conflict. That is what the report should focus on, not situations that are neither armed conflict nor post-conflict or that threaten international peace and security. It is a matter of concern that some members of the Council, while arguing for a binding nature of Security Council resolutions, paradoxically condone deviations from mandates authorized by those very resolutions. The report should also not deviate from the established notion of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict

  As paragraphs 1 and 3 of resolution 1960 (2010) affirm, the mandate of taking action against specific parties is restricted to those situations that are on the agenda of the Security Council. However, in paragraph 116 of the report, the Secretary-General recommends that the Security Council take specific actions, including the use of targeted measures by sanctions committees, against all parties named in the report, instead of those mentioned in the annex. We would appreciate clarification of that anomaly.
   

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  The report also mentions the development of a framework for early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence, with the aim of integrating the analyses yielded by the framework into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response. It should be ensured that such a mechanism works strictly within the mandate and under the guidance of the Security Council to obviate politicization.  

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Let me conclude by saying that, our questions notwithstanding, Pakistan attaches the highest importance to and supports this important mandate. We would like to stress the need to strengthen the rule of law through a focus on national judicial systems, better training for peacekeeping troops and local police forces, and the increased participation of women in all peacemaking, peacebuilding and peacekeeping processes to help end sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. We are also supportive of the recommendations made by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the need to take steps for the legal, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims of sexual violence, as well as efforts to strengthen institutional safeguards against impunity for perpetrators.  

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Let me start by commending Ms. Margo Wallström for her excellent work over the past two years and her efforts to spread a clear message that sexual violence is simply not tolerable and that there is no real securitywithout women’s security. The report (S/2012/33) before us today gives a clear and comprehensive idea of the intensive work that has been carried out worldwide by the Special Representative in her advocacy for thfight against conflict-related sexual violence, in field visits, in engaging with national and non-governmental bodies and authorities and in coordinating within the United Nations system. It provides us with importantinformation on the implementation of the resolutions passed by this Council regarding monitoring and reporting arrangements aimed at collecting more consistent information on conflict-related sexual violence, but also regarding the establishment of a team of experts on the rule of law to assist national authorities to reinforce traditional systems weakened by conflict. Moreover, the report provides us with very useful information on specific situations, in accordance with resolution 1888 (2009) — information about incidents,but also about challenges and best practices adopted at the national level. It also contains very concrete recommendations, which we welcome. We must recognize that much has been achieved, and we are confident that the Special Representative will continue to carry out her mandate in the same committed and professional manner. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  The Security Council has recognized that the protection of women is a critical priority for peace and security. Resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have clearly established the fight against sexual violence in the agenda of this Council. The Council has created the necessary tools for obtaining reliable and accurate information on sexual violence. A common definition of sexual violence and common methodologies for data collection through monitoring and recording activities are now used throughout the system. The Council has been quite successful in discharging its responsibilities, but it still needs to reinforce its effectiveness. For instance, we need to make full use ofexisting tools, mainly ensuring deployment of women’s protection advisers in relevant peacekeeping operations, which will strengthen the prevention of and the response to sexual violence. We hope that the challenges thathave delayed the deployment of these advisers will be overcome, since their deployment in specific missions has already been requested by this Council.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

   

  Another promising tool at the disposal of Member States is the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. We welcome the technical cooperation that was provided at the request of national authorities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, the Republic of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire. All information contained in the report is relevant for the Security Council in terms of the Charter’s mandate for the maintenance of national peace and security. The information that is already collected by the reporting mechanism will improve the Council’s access to timely, objective, accurate and reliable information on sexual violence in conflict. The Secretary-General or the Special Representative will be able to brief the Council with reliable information on specific situations that deserve the Council’s attention. That reliable information will consequently enable the Council to act, collectively and in an appropriate mode, well before major incidents of widespread sexual violence reinforce threats to peace and security.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Indeed, a Council that is better informed is also in a better position to take effective action. With sufficient information, the Council will be able to take preventive steps in a timely manner. But the Councilnow will also need to take action with regard to those parties listed in the annex of the Secretary-General’s report, which are, and I quote, “credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape andother forms of sexual violence”. The Council has already passed a clear message to assure the perpetuators of sexual violence that the Council adopts sanctions against perpetrators who have been identified or who are credibly suspected of committing sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on its agenda. The Council should be consistent and reinforce that message concerning other individuals in similar circumstances. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Impunity is simply not acceptable. The work carried out by the Special Representative and, ultimately, by this Council during the past few years is making a real difference in many parts of the world, especially for women and girls, but also for men and boys. As we have heard, Governments have recently prosecuted senior officers of their armed forces for crimes of sexual violence, and leaders of parties in armed conflict have been arrested and transferred to the International Criminal Court. These actions send a powerful signal to the victims of sexual violence that no military or political leader is above the law. This political message needs to be constantly underlined by the United Nations, and by this Council in particular.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Before concluding, let me mention that we regret that we have not yet been able to agree on the presidential statement on this important debate. But we trust that, with the cooperation of all, we will be able to achieve this shortly. I conclude with a word for the victims and the survivors of sexual violence. They are at the centre of our debates. Let us not forget them and the fact that beyond bringing perpetrators to justice, the international community also needs to afford care and reparation to the victims. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  The very nature of violence during armed conflict requires that due attention be paid to all of its manifestations. The issue of women, peace and security should be addressed through a comprehensive approach, as set out in resolution 1325 (2000). Sexual violence is a particular manifestation of violence that clearly requires firm condemnation and severe punishment. The careful investigation of all incidents and the punishment of perpetrators is a guarantee of success in combating this egregious crime. Of particular concern are situations where sexual violence is widespread. However, sexual violence is far from being a root cause of an outbreak of conflict; it is, rather, a symptom of the impunity that prevails during armed conflict. Some of those situations, as we know, pose a threat to international peace and security, and it follows that they require the intervention of the Security Council. But attempts to artificially impose on the Security Council the duty to address the issue of sexual violence in all of its aspects will lead not only to imbalances in system-wide coherence but to an erosion of the legitimacy and importance of Council decisions on grave, complex and urgent issues.  Let us not forget that the issue of countering sexual violence is, in the framework of existing mandates, taken up not only by the Council but also by other United Nations bodies, in particular the General Assembly, the Human Rights Council and the Commission on the Status of Women. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  We would like to recall once again that sexual violence is but one of the crimes committed in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. We are convinced that focusing our efforts on combating sexual violence means that we must also pay due attention to other crimes committed in time of conflict. Civilians continue to be the victims of crimes such as premeditated attacks, including terrorist attacks, as well as the indiscriminate or disproportionate use of force. In our view, the Council must evaluate such cases in an impartial and principled manner and ensure that the perpetrators do not go unpunished. We have carefully studied the report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. We note that the document is rich in factual data, which reflects the credible and comprehensive work being done to combat sexual violence in armed conflict. Much of what has been done is welcome. We can see clearly that progress has been made as a result of the efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. However, the reliability of some of the accounts contained in the report is questionable. We believe that taking an unbiased approach to this delicate issue on the basis of objective and reliable information is the key to promoting confidence in the activities undertaken in this respect. We disagree with the broad manner in which the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has interpreted her mandate. We would draw attention in particular to the fact that the issue under consideration today is conflict related sexual violence. Unilateral changes in the scope of an issue dealt with by a special United Nations mechanism established as a result of intergovernmental processes and enshrined in Security Council resolutions are inadmissible and could have an adverse impact on our ability to resolve the issue of sexual violence. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative  of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security. In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve  to further improve the activities ofthe Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within  the framework of their mandates. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security.
  In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve to further improve the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within the framework of their mandates.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa attaches great significance to the subject matter under consideration, and we wish to express our sincere gratitude to the Secretary-General, the Special Representative and the entire United Nations team that continues to work hard to ensure that this scourge is completely eradicated. We would like to commend the excellent job done by the United Nations and the Special Representative to highlight the challenges of sexual violence in conflict-affected areas. Africa continues to bear the brunt of this evil, given its high share of the number of conflict areas. This scourge has to be completely eradicated sooner than later.

  South Africa remains deeply concerned about the continuing trends of sexual violence in armed conflict and post-conflict situations, in particular the deliberate targeting of civilians, especially children. It is a fact that women and girls are disproportionately affected by the scourge of violence.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We have taken note of the fact that the Secretary-General’s report for the past year was prepared and compiled after a broad and extensive consultation with the 13-entity network — a fact greatly appreciated by my delegation, given that it has enriched the report by making it one informed by the conditions and experiences on the ground. No doubt it is one of the most comprehensive reports ever prepared on this matter, and it represents to a large extent the great deal of progress in dealing with this scourge. We are particularly pleased that United Nations peacekeeping and political missions, as well as country teams, were primary sources of information for the report. For South Africa that is crucial, because the report is informed by the experiences of people who are at the cold phase.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has done an outstanding job over the past few years to comprehensively address the challenge of conflict-related sexual violence by adopting landmark resolutions aimed at eradicating it. South Africa welcomes the progress that has been made so far in the preparations of the terms of reference for women protection advisers, and we look forward to their early deployment. We are mindful of the limitations that continue to pose a challenge to the reporting of incidents of sexual violence in conflict stricken areas. It is our hope that the countries mentioned in the report will do everything in their power to address all the challenges identified, including bringing the perpetrators to justice and reparations for the victims. South Africa is concerned that African countries continue to constitute the majority of countries where there is an increasing prevalence of conflict-related sexual violence. We are appalled that the incidents of rape and gang rape increased in the recent conflict that struck Côte d’Ivoire. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, rape, mass rapes and other sexual violence continue unabated in North and South Kivu. That is a matter of great concern to South Africa.

  We welcome and fully support the establishment by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) of prosecution support cells to boost the capacity of the Congolese justice system in the investigation of war crimes, crimes against humanity and sexual violence. We hope that all those initiatives will help to bring all the perpetrators to justice and end the culture of impunity.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the commitments that were made by the Governments of countries of concern during the visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in relation to addressing impunity for sexual crimes and the training of security personnel. We appreciate the work done by the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, especially its great work in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia and South Sudan.

  In the same vein, and equally important, are the pre deployment training modules that UN-Women and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations have developed. We welcome the modules that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General has developed on the protection of civilians and sexual violence with the African Union partners, under the auspices of the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre. We are of the view that the streamlining of conflict-related sexual violence across all peacekeeping training will go a long way in the efforts to comprehensively address and eradicate that evil. We would like to encourage all United Nations agencies and departments to continue to work together in an integrated and coordinated manner to effectively implement such training. We hope that we will soon see the fruits of those concerted efforts.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa supports the recommendations of the Secretary-General that the Security Council increase pressure on the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, that it utilize all means at its disposal, and that, in this matter, it fully support the use of referrals to the International Criminal Court. For us, there is no gainsaying the fact that the International Criminal Court has strengthened the fight against impunity for the most serious crimes of international concern against women and girls. We continue to stand ready to work with other members of the Council and the United Nations in general to enhance efforts against impunity and to ensure that perpetrators are held accountable. The perpetrators of these evil acts should no longer be allowed to remain in uniform, roam the streets, sit at negotiating tables, continue to occupy positions of authority or command armed forces.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We fully concur with the recommendation that the Security Council should systematically reflect conflict-related sexual violence in the authorization and renewal of peacekeeping mandates and the renewal of special political missions. In that respect, South Africa has always supported the call for the deployment of women protection advisers to peacekeeping and political missions in order to coordinate the implementation of conflict-related sexual violence.

  For our part, South Africa continues to increase the number of women deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. About 45 per cent of the troops we contribute to the United Nations are women, and 10 per cent of them have played leadership and commanding roles. We will continue to do our part and to contribute to international efforts to address the scourge of conflict-related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has understood that there can be no security without women’s security. The aim is not only to protect women from violence; it is to protect them to participate in public and economic life. Rape has a 

  chilling effect on women’s political participation, casting a long shadow of trauma and terror. It can inhibit their access to polling booths and public squares. We must send a message that women’s lives, 

  votes and voices count and will be counted.  Certainly, the women I have met cannot be caricatured as passive victims. They have fought daily wars — not for medals and monuments, but battles for 

  bread, to feed their children and to make their presence felt. I am particularly concerned, at this historical juncture, that unless women can shape their own political and personal destiny, the Arab Spring will turn 

  into a winter for Arab women.

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Firstly I would like to commend SRSG Wallstrom for the good work that she has done to raise the profile of this issue, including fighting against impunity. We welcome her concerted efforts in tackling this issue, leadingto a more co-ordinated response from the UN system as she has set out this morning. UN Action has played an important part in implementing the monitoring analysis and reporting arrangements (MARA). MsWallstrom has also worked tirelessly to ensure that the voices of nongovernmental and civil society organisations are heard.  Secondly, we welcome the efforts towards greater accountability, and an end to impunity. The UN monitoring and reporting mechanisms provide reliable, objective and evidence based information on conflict-related sexual violence against women, men, girls and boys. Under Resolution 1960, the Security Council can now hold to account parties credibly suspected of committing acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence. We note these parties listed for the first time and support appropriate action being taken against those responsible for these terrible acts. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  It is important that this Council takes into account information on conflict-related sexual violence when considering post-conflict situations and other situations of concern. However, conflict related sexual violence is not confined to countries on the Security Council agenda as we see incidents or patterns occur in other settings. The SRSG must be able to address conflict related sexual violence wherever a pattern or trend exists as an early warning sign of conflict. These crimes must be reported, addressed and punished and the survivors must be treated with dignity throughout the reporting process. We recognize the good work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law. They support member states to strengthen the rule of law as well as institutional safeguards against impunity, by working with them to improve rule of law processes and ensuring that those committing sexual violence are brought to justice. It is not until impunity has been combated that the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence are brought to account, that justice will have been done. All parties to conflict must learn that it is the perpetrator and not the survivor who will pay the price. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, we welcome the development of a framework of early-warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence, as well as the ambition to integrate this analysis into existing and emerging early-warning andprevention systems. Early-warning and prevention systems are vital tools in both preventing and in tackling conflict related sexual violence. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  As Council members, we need to make combating sexual violence part of our discussions with briefers so that it becomes an integral part of our practice. We have recognized for some time that conflict-related sexual violence is a security issue, but the Secretary-General’s report places that matter beyond dispute. As is shown quite clearly, it is a security matter that impacts entire countries, as well as individual communities, families and individuals.  

  It is also one that very much affects men and boys, as well as women and girls. The report shows that in many places, men are forced to watch as their wives and daughters are being abused. There are numerous cases of men and boys being sexually attacked by other men as a deliberate tactic of conflict. This is a security issue, not a women’s issue. We must treat it as such and develop the same strategies of early warning and prevention that we use for other security threats.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  For example, the United States believes that it is crucial to increase women’s  participation in security forces involved in preventing conflict and building peace as one way to reduce conflict-related sexual violence. The United States funds and implements the Global Peace Operations Initiative, which has facilitated the training of 2,451 female peacekeepers worldwide. The Initiative supports instruction on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse. Beginning last year, we have supported the pre deployment training of Peruvian women peacekeepers focused on women, peace and security issues, in support of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. In Afghanistan, United States and Afghan officers provide instruction and mentoring to female soldiers in the Afghan National Army. In 2014, 10 per cent of the Afghan Military Academy’s class will be women. There are already more than 1,200 women serving in the Afghan National Police, many of whom serve in leadership positions. Preventing and combating conflict-related sexual violence is central to building lasting peace and brighter futures for countries undergoing and emerging from conflict. I cannot stress enough what a critical concern this is for my Government. Sexual violence must cease to be used as a tactic of war and intimidation. For the sake of the vulnerable and for the honour of nations, we, as the Council, must continue to support efforts to end this scourge.

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me first to express my thanks to you, Mr. President, for convening this debate. Armenia fully supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to address conflict-related sexual violence. We welcome the recent report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. My delegation also welcomes the presentation of Special Representative of the Secretary-General Margot Wallström, and we commend her tireless efforts and leadership. We are also grateful for the informative statements made by the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations and by Ms. Megheirbi.  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s debate addresses an urgent matter. More and more, we are witnessing a disturbing trend in the use of sexual violence as a political and military tool, the effects of which are grave and long lasting, often alienating entire communities. Although conflict related sexual violence is not a women’s issue, it is a known fact that a disproportionate number of victims of such violence are women and girls. Sexual violence affects all aspects of women’s lives, compromising their wellbeing, security and basic human rights. It further exacerbates the inequities that women face and, in so doing, it threatens peace, security, development and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts. As such, addressing sexual violence demands a multilayered approach and requires involvement on the international, regional and national levels. We must identify the crime and bring those responsible to justice. 

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  During the past decade, particular attention has been paid to addressing some of the specific crimes experienced by women and girls during armed conflicts, namely, rape, trafficking, enforced prostitution and enslavement. It is critical to ensure accountability for past and present crimes, and to not grant immunity to perpetrators. Otherwise, we would be providing amnesty for future crimes. In that regard, Armenia is encouraged by the report of the Secretary-General, which for the first time includes an annex that lists the parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Such reporting and systematic data collection are critical, because crimes of sexual violence remain underreported due to stigmatization and fear of reprisals. We hope that such measures will promote accountability and that they will provide timely and reliable analyses based on which the Security Council can carry out its responsibility to protect civilians from conflict-related sexual violence. We cannot address sexual violence, however, by simply naming and punishing offenders. More fundamental changes are needed on institutional and societal levels as well.  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, although important steps have been taken towards our common goal of preventing and effectively responding to conflict-related sexual violence, much remains to be done. Armenia remains committed to working closely with the Council, the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the other relevant United Nations bodies toward this noble end. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  In the two and a half years since the Council committed to taking more effective action to prevent and address sexual violence in conflict, we have witnessed a significant number of United Nations actions designed to turn rhetoric into action. The work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has been integral to this effort. The landmark adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) 12 months ago demonstrated the Council’s willingness to take measures to end the scourge of sexual violence in conflict.  It is critical that the Council and Member States implement resolution 1960 (2010) fully. 

  Australia strongly supports the work of the Special Representative, particularly the increasing use of field visits and direct engagement with parties to conflict. We encourage the Council to receive regular briefings from the Special Representative when she considers issues related to sexual violence to be relevant to its deliberations. That would help the Council to undertake its preventive role.     

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We know that conflict situations are usually characterized by the breakdown of law and order. The impunity that can prevail in such situations has a particularly devastating impact on the victims of sexual violence. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence is critical to changing behaviours. The increased engagement of the Council with the parties listed in the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) is an important element in developing such cultures of accountability, as is the consideration by sanctions committees of targeted and graduated measures against persistent perpetrators of violence. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We encourage the Council to remain seized of the need to deploy women protection advisers to peacekeeping and special political missions. The inclusion of relevant information in country-specific reports and in mission mandates must also be considered. We also join South Africa in encouraging the inclusion of more women as uniformed personnel in peacekeeping operations, and welcome India’s statement today that it is willing to increase its own contribution in this regard.

  We welcome the recent deployments of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. South Sudan’s use of this expertise to guide the planning of its justice system should be particularly welcomed. Integrating the voices of women into design will better ensure gender-responsive justice systems.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Over the past two and a half years, we have witnessed a renewed dedication by the United Nations, as well as troop- and police-contributing countries, to developing and implementing tools to prevent and address sexual violence, consistent with their mandate to protect civilians. The rollout through scenario-based training for peacekeepers of the United Nations toolkit to address conflict-related sexual violence was an important development, and Australia was pleased to fund it. We encourage troop- and police-contributing countries to integrate this tool into pre-deployment training.

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Security sector reform must address conflict related sexual violence. The development of human rights training tools for security officials will help to extend these efforts to detention and interrogation facilities, which are often beyond the reach of peacekeeping missions. Australia is also pleased to be working with the Department of Political Affairs and UN-Women to support women’s engagement in decision-making on security sector reform.

  Separately, we have supported the development of a victim management programme for Pacific police, and developed police manuals on gender-based violence in Timor-Leste. The Australian Federal Police is also formulating a police development strategy and toolkit that include a focus on gender and conflict related issues, which will assist our police who are working with international partners to address conflict related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  In the landmark resolution 1325 (2000), the Security Council recognized the important role of women in maintaining peace and security. It also highlighted specific needs and concerns of women during and in the aftermath of armed conflicts. We feel proud that Bangladesh, as a member of the Council at the time of the resolution’s adoption and one of its main sponsors, was closely associated with the adoption of that historic document. Periodic meetings of this sort offer us an opportunity to take stock of the progress achieved and the challenges remaining in fulfilling the objectives of the resolution, as well as subsequent resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2000).
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Some initiatives of the global community in the first decade of its adoption have been praiseworthy. The establishment of a new body, UN-Women, and the appointment of a Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict have been two significant developments that have placed women at the top of the global agenda. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has also undertaken commendable steps for the better protection and enhanced participation of women.

  The situation is far from satisfactory, however. We are disappointed to note that violence against women and girls is still prevalent in many parts of the world suffering from armed conflict. Women and girls, we all know, suffer most as victims of such conflicts. Their suffering is compounded when they are ignored or marginalized in peace processes. Women are too often excluded from both the negotiations that make peace and the institutions that maintain it. We underscore the need to do more to ensure the safety and security of women and girls, particularly during conflict situations and in their aftermath.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  First is the mandate of the Special Representative, which for Belgium is very clear. It allows the Security Council to focus on sexual violence not only in classic conflict situations but also in post-conflict situations or other serious situations, such as political unrest. The Council already regularly takes up such issues in various types of situations. I welcome the reference in the report to instances of sexual violence in situations of unrest and instability, particularly in Egypt and Syria. To reduce the mandate solely to cases of sexual violence in conflict situations would be tantamount to restricting the role of the United Nations in defending individuals and societies that suffer from this terrible scourge. We cannot retreat from the detailed mandate set out in resolution 1960 (2010).

  Furthermore, while sexual violence mainly affects women and girls, the Secretary-General’s report makes very clear that the situation of men, especially those in custody, as well as children born as a result of rape, deserves greater attention from us. Rather than seeking to lock the mandate into too limited an area of action, we should develop a comprehensive approach to protecting civilians.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  The reports on the situations in Libya, Egypt and Syria are particularly relevant in the context of the so-called Arab Spring. The issue of sexual violence in countries in transition should not be ignored. I am deeply concerned at reports by the United Nations commission of inquiry to the effect that Syrian armed forces and security personnel have used sexual torture against detainees in various detention centers of the intelligence and political security services. I trust we shall have an opportunity to speak of that tomorrow, in the framework of the meeting of the friends of Syria in Tunis.

  In conclusion, I would like to stress the collective responsibility for the fight against sexual violence. The Security Council must act on this report, in particular by transmitting to the sanctions committees the list of parties responsible for sexual violence, which is annexed to the report, for effective follow-up. The development of that list is a first, for which I congratulate the Secretary-General.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada welcomes the Secretary-General’s recent report (S/2012/33) and thanks the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict for her presentation today and her efforts to strengthen United Nations mechanisms to prevent and respond to such crimes, including rape and trafficking of women and girls. Canada encourages the Security Council to receive regular briefings by the Special Representative following her visits to countries on the Council’s agenda. 

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada strongly supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to prevent and respond to conflict-related sexual violence, including rape as a weapon of war. In this regard, Canada calls on the Council to ensure the implementation of increased accountability measures for these crimes, including monitoring and reporting arrangements and holding those responsible for sexual violence to account. It is also important to give consideration to the health, safety and dignity of survivors.

  Canada welcomes the inclusion of the list of perpetrators of acts of sexual violence in the annex to the Secretary-General’s report. My country calls on the Security Council to increase pressure on States to hold perpetrators of sexual violence to account. Canada also calls on the Security Council to ensure that its sanctions committees adopt criteria pertaining to acts of sexual violence such as rape as a weapon of war, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization or other forms of sexual violence of comparable gravity.
   

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada urges the Council to consistently address conflict-related sexual violence in its work, including by ensuring that preventing and responding to sexual violence is part of the mandated tasks of United Nations peacekeeping operations. In the upcoming mandate renewals of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya and the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan next month, mandate elements addressing sexual violence should be strengthened.

  Canada supports the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the use of the early warning indicators that are being piloted for use in select projects, including operations in South Sudan and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General on conflict related sexual violence (S/2012/33) that has been introduced today by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict highlights progress achieved in monitoring, analysis and reporting activities aimed at addressing sexual violence against women in conflict and post-conflict situations, including the important role of women’s protection advisers in that context, and provides information on parties to conflict credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for acts of sexual violence, in relation to the implementation of Security Council resolution 1960 (2010) on sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. 

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, Egypt would like to express its appreciation for the efforts exerted by Ms. Wallström and her team in preparing the report in consultation with concerned Member States. However, Egyptbelieves that the inclusion of section IV.B, entitled “Sexual violence in the context of elections, political strife and civil unrest”, to the report of the Secretary-General falls far beyond the mandate of the Special Representative to implement resolution 1960 (2010) which, in paragraph 8, “Requests the Secretary General to establish monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements on conflict-related sexual violence, including rape in situations of armed conflict and post-conflict and other situations relevant to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), as appropriate, and taking into account the specificity of each country”.  As resolution 1888 (2009) focuses mainly on situations of particular concern with respect to sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, the inclusion of section IV.B in the report, in our view, constitutes an unjustified widening of the scope of activities of the Special Representative without a proper mandate from the Security Council.

  Despite the spirit of openness and transparency that characterized Egyptian foreign policy after the revolution of 25 January 2011, Egypt does not see any reason whatsoever for its inclusion for the first time in the new and innovative section IV.B of the report, which mixes conflict-related with non-conflict-related sexual violence. 

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  While reiterating our appreciation to Ms. Wallström for the openness and flexibility shown during the consultations with the mission of Egypt on this issue, which resulted in the inclusion of some ofour views in the report — particularly those related to the decision of the Supreme Council of Armed Forces to tighten the penalty for crimes of sexual harassment, abduction and rape — other Egyptian proposals have not found their way into the report. The allegations of virginity tests in paragraph 81 have been extensively investigated by the Egyptian military authorities and the suspected doctor is being tried before the supreme military court, reflecting Egypt’s strong belief inthe rule of law and zero tolerance towards any violation, foremost among which is any sexual-related violation. This in itself should have provided the justification for not mentioning Egypt at all in the report, particularly as this incident and the way it has been handled represent no systematic practice in this regard. 

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  Due regard should be given to the influential role played by Egyptian women in the 25 January revolution, which in itself was a clear manifestation of their active participation in the transformation process within Egyptian society. In the same vein, Egypt reiterates its full commitment to all international legal instruments and protocols on the rights of women, and to furthering Egyptian women’s contribution in all public domains and preserving the gains they have made over decades. I conclude by reiterating Egypt’s strong commitment to the promotion and protection of all women’s rights, and by urging all United Nations mandate holders — in this, case the Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict — to perform their functions in strict observance of their mandates, upholding the principles of impartiality, objectivity and non-selectivity. 

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretariat has increased and given greater weight to reports covering women’s issues. But, in our judgment, a consistent lack of information still exists regarding countries and specific situations of women in respect to this issue.

  It is important to note that communication and information between field missions and Headquarters should be open and immediate in order to make it possible to update data. Furthermore, to the degree that the gender perspective is entrenched in the context of armed conflicts, associated problems come to light, such as the lack of prevention and protection against abuse and all kinds of violence against women and girls, including sexual violence, as was eloquently indicated by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General at this meeting.

  In that regard, El Salvador agrees with other delegations and civil society organizations that the Secretary-General should be asked to include more systematically in all his reports on conflict situations broad information on acts of sexual violence and other gender-based acts against women and girls.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  We strongly support the mandate of the Special Representative, including the requirement to provide periodic statements as important updates on the state of sexual violence in conflicts around the world. Special Representative Wallström has been an important advocate for the fight against conflict-related sexual violence, and we especially appreciate her focus on the accountability dimension.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  It is incumbent on the Council to react effectively to acts of sexual violence when it is likely that they amount to the most serious crimes under international law. Council action should be based on credible reports, including those of the Secretary-General. The use of accountability mechanisms, including referrals to the International Criminal Court and the use of targeted sanctions against those responsible for rape and other forms of sexual violence, in accordance with resolution 1960 (2010), are but two of the tools available. It would be remiss of the Council not to make use of such tools if the circumstances so demand.  

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  Women must be free to live their lives without having to face the threat of violence, sexual or otherwise. We note with deep concern the fact that while the Security Council resolutions related to women and peace and security have served to highlight the problem and force action aimed at its elimination, the violations persist. We have every reason to speedily implement resolution 1960 (2010). But this must be done in keeping within the spirit of resolution 1325 (2000), which addresses all aspects of women in conflict and post-conflict situations in a more comprehensive manner.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

    Major General Patrick Cammaert, the former Commander of United Nations peacekeeping forces in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo said:
  “Rape is an extremely cheap weapon, but has vast and far-reaching effects. With the single weapon of rape, soldiers and militants can disrupt and destroy the fabric of society. Rape sows fear; it spreads sexually transmitted disease. It excludes women from participation in civic life.”

  
  In the year since the Security Council adopted resolution 1960 (2010), the instances of sexual violence have only increased. We must act with common purpose in the face of these atrocities. We must have zero tolerance for the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war. Israel was a proud to sponsor of resolution 1960 (2010) and the previous resolutions on women and peace and security. It is time for the international community to breathe life into the words contained in these resolutions with concrete actions on the ground.

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) offers clear guidance on important steps that the international community must take. For instance, operationally, those listed in the annex of these reports should face additional measures from the Security Council sanctions committees. Israel also strongly supports the recommendation to include provisions for conflictrelated sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

    The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) offers clear guidance on important steps that the international community must take. For instance, operationally, those listed in the annex of these reports should face additional measures from the Security Council sanctions committees. Israel also strongly supports the recommendation to include provisions for conflictrelated sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements.

  Women have a vital role to play in preventing sexual violence, which is why we must increase their roles in peacekeeping forces, negotiation teams and other relevant bodies. Israel shares the serious concern of many others about the allegations of sexual violence by peacekeepers in Haiti over the past year. Such allegations highlight the important role that women protection advisers play in such contingents.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, there is a need to systematically include the issue of conflict-related sexual violence in the work of the Council, especially when authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions. The progressive deployment of women’s protection advisers to United Nations missions is also critical.

  Finally, it is necessary to include women and women’s rights in peace talks. Women are formidable negotiators, mediators and peacebuilders. Their participation in preventive diplomacy is insurance against any attempt to minimize or neglect the consequences of the use of sexual violence.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

  We also appreciate that, for the first time, the report lists parties that are
  credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and
  other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, as per the
  Security Council agenda. Japan strongly condemns the parties listed and calls
  on them to make specific, time-bound commitments to ceasing acts of sexual
  violence and bringing perpetrators to justice. If they fail to do so, the Security
  Council must respond with appropriate measures, including targeted measures, to
  hold those parties accountable.

  
  In that regard, we commend the fact that the Committee established
  pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  decided last December to add Ntabo Ntaberi Cheka, a militia leader responsible
  for mass rape, to the sanctions list. We are also encouraged to hear that earlier
  this month the Guinean court filed charges against Lieutenant Colonel Moussa
  Tiegboro Camara for the mass rape committed in Conakry in 2009.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Violence against women in all its manifestations must be dealt with firmly and decisively. In that regard, my delegation reiterates Kenya’s commitment to the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and the follow-up resolutions.

  Sexual abuse is perhaps the most dehumanizing crime known to humankind. The international community currently has the framework to bring about more action and visibility to address this heinous crime in times of conflict. Prevention is the cornerstone of any strategy to address the challenges that society faces. We therefore must address the underlying causes of conflict that provide the springboard for redressing sexual abuse cases.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Preventive diplomacy as an intervention must be undertaken expediently to protect potential victims and to nip any kind of possible impunity in the bud. The Council has previously recognized a critical link between security issues and socio-economic concerns such as poverty, disease and environmental degradation. We believe that countries must systematically integrate and mainstream women specific issues in all action plans in order to tackle the growing problem of sexual and gender-based violence during conflict and even in peacetime. The need to mainstream a gender perspective into peacekeeping and peacebuilding initiatives cannot be overemphasized. 

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General (S/2012/33) illustrates in a most alarming way how impunity linked to human rights abuses of the past, in particular acts of sexual violence perpetrated in armed conflict, is a major factor undermining early recovery and peace consolidation, and frequently allows sexual violence to persist. In that context, it is particularly disturbing, as the report indicates and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict also noted today, that in many countries the alleged perpetrators of sexual violence are not prosecuted for their acts, but are often promoted or appointed to senior Government positions in national institutions. The impunity of such high-ranking officers is unacceptable and prevents communities emerging from conflict to recover sustainably.

  I echo the Secretary-General’s call on the Security Council to employ all means at its disposal to fight conflict-related sexual violence, including the use of referrals to the International Criminal Court, and to increase pressure on the perpetrators of sexual violence through the adoption of targeted and graduated measures by relevant sanctions committees. The fight against impunity is also of major importance to the prevention of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  Since the most recent public debate of the Council on the issue at hand (S/PV.6642) on 28 October 2011, Luxembourg has further intensified its commitment to supporting women in armed conflict, including through its support of the work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. This is our response to the Secretary-General’s call on Member States, reiterated in this year’s report, to provide the resources necessary to enable the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions.

  In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a sub-regional workshop was organized in November 2011 in Goma, with the support of Luxembourg, by the Office of Gender Affairs of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to promote exchanges of experiences among women’s organizations in the Great Lakes region in the areas of peace, security and prevention of election-related violence. The workshop sought to help reduce the risk of the outbreak of conflict before, during and after elections. Training was also offered to improve conditions in order to promote women’s participation in provincial and local elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  With the support of Luxembourg, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has been able to implement similar initiatives in Timor-Leste and in Haiti. This year, again with our support, a national workshop in the Republic of South Sudan and a workshop for West Africa in Liberia will be held with the shared objective of strengthening the contributions of United Nations peacekeeping operations to increasing women’s representation at all levels within national, regional and international institutions and to reinforcing mechanisms for the prevention, management and resolution of conflict.

  The fight against conflict-related sexual violence is a moral obligation that we must fulfil together. Luxembourg can be counted on to continue its contribution to that collective effort.
   

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  One of the main challenges confronting the international community with regard to sexual violence in armed conflicts is to bring those responsible to justice in order to put an end to the culture of impunity. To that end, the Security Council must take robust measures against all those who are involved in committing those deplorable acts, in a manner consistent with international law. Given the scope and the impact of this type of crime, the Security Council must use every measure available to it, such as the adoption of sanctions targeting those who are responsible.

  Likewise, as mentioned by the Secretary-General in his report (S/2012/33), the Security Council has the capacity to refer cases to the International Criminal Court and to mandate international investigation commissions.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  Women are clearly decisive actors at every stage of the peace building process in the long term. It is therefore necessary to promote their full participation as an integral part of efforts to establish, maintain and strengthen peace. We therefore welcome the trend to systematically incorporate the gender perspective in the Security Council’s work, especially in mission mandates, as well as the involvement of women in conflict resolution processes.

  My country has a long history of sending women military observers to various peacekeeping operations. I am pleased to announce that, last November, Peru deployed its first female personnel to peacekeeping operations. Their numbers will continue to increase in future operations.

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  We also thank the Secretary-General for his report on Conflict-related sexual violence (S/2012/33) and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Wallström, for her briefing. We endorse the recommendations in the report and we fully support the work and mandate of the Special Representative, as established in resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), as well as that of the Group of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. 

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  My Government is currently conducting its third review of the national action plan on women and peace and security, incorporating the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s reports and in the resolutions, statements and decisions of the Security Council, especially those relating to sexual violence in conflict. My delegation welcomes the fact that the members of the Security Council have also been able to reach agreement on this important issue.

  Finally, I again thank the Special Representative for her words and for her work. We hope that her work and the work of her Team of Experts, together with UN-Women, in cooperation with all other actors, will help to cement the commitments needed to finally put an end to sexual violence in  

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to say that the situation of women in armed conflict is inextricably connected with the coordinated and integrated tackling of the root causes of conflict. We therefore reiterate the need to address the root causes of conflict. The Security Council, as custodian for the concept and maintenance of international peace and security, must address the root causes of conflict, and not only the obvious manifestations. War is war — whether it erupts due to economic reasons or natural disasters — and it affects the most vulnerable and the poorest members of society, including women.

  In that connection, we appeal to the Council to bring further pressure to bear on the armed rebel movements in Darfur, Blue Nile and Southern Kordofan states to accept the principle of negotiation with a view to achieving a permanent solution through peaceful means, as the Government of the Sudan has agreed to do as it endeavours to achieve a solution.

  We hope that the measures to be taken by the Council will rely on the country reports presented by States, as well as accurate information contained in the periodic reports of the Secretary-General, and not on reports produced by certain mass media sources or by non-governmental organizations. In that regard, we encourage the United Nations and its missions to organize workshops and direct consultations with officials of conflict-affected States, with a view to exchanging expertise on matters relating to the situation of women in armed conflict.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  War has always impacted men and women differently, but probably never more so than in modern armed conflicts. In recent armed conflicts, women and girls have been disproportionately targeted and constituted the majority of victims. They are also more vulnerable to all forms of violence, in particular sexual violence and exploitation. The report of the Secretary-General has shown the dire plight of many women and girls and what can be done to alleviate some of these injustices. Viet Nam supports many of the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s report, as well as many views expressed during this debate. As a country that has experience in dealing with the consequences of wars and as the main sponsor of resolution 1889 (2009), on women, peace and security, Viet Nam would like to underline the following. First, although the international efforts in promoting the implementation of the women, peace and security resolutions 1325 (2000) 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have achieved meaningful progress, challenges still remain.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The DPKO and the Department of Field Support stand ready to provide the necessary support to encourage Governments to institutionalize the prohibition and prevention of and accountability for 

  conflict-related sexual violence through the development of policies and national security sector training. We must recognize the close links between time-bound commitments and security sector 

  development. Meticulous and systematic assessments of armed groups must be part of any integration policy in national forces. 

  We are proud to be an active member of the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1888 (2009). 

  Accountability for sexual violence must be established to combat sexual discrimination and inequality. The reform of existing legislation, access to a functional justice system and witness protection programmes are 

  fundamental. Political will is also essential to ensure that perpetrators of international human rights and humanitarian law violations, including sexual violence, are tried and held accountable. The rule of law as a 

  whole must prevail, by means of security and judicial sectors, including correctional systems.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   On the morning of 30 September 2009, two dramatically different events took place. One — which Council members are all familiar with — was the adoption of resolution 1888 (2009) creating the 

  mandate of a United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. The other was a demonstration just outside the United Nations complex, condemning mass rape by security forces in 

  the small West African nation of Guinea.  As the Council reached consensus on new measures to combat sexual violence, beyond the Chamber protesters decried yet more premeditated mass rape. As world public opinion applauded the commitments of this body, international headlines told of soldiers raping in broad daylight. Some Council members noted the connection between resolution 1888 (2009) and the use of rape to suppress a peaceful rally in Guinea-Conakry. They noted that when rape is part of the repertoire of conflict or political coercion, it is a form of collective violence that can threaten collective peace and security. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Last November, I went to Guinea to meet with the survivors. A young woman, who had been gang-raped and left for dead after joining the demonstration, recalled the chilling words of one soldier: “You wanted 

  power — this is what you will get”. What was striking to me was not how many women had been scarred by that atrocity, but how many have stood back up, organized and dared to tell their stories. Their demands for recognition, justice and the removal of perpetrators from positions of power are now reflected in a joint communiqué that the Government has signed with the United Nations.  Earlier this month, a Guinean panel of judges 

  charged Lieutenant Colonel Moussa Tiegboro Camara for his alleged role in the atrocities. That is progress. It signals to the survivors that, while justice may have been delayed, it cannot be denied. In that respect, the report before the Council today (S/2012/33) is already partly out of date. It calls upon the Guinean authorities to take action against Camara. In the time between issuing the report and today’s debate, they have done so.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  of course, conflict-related sexual violence is not specific to one country or continent. It is a global risk. The terror of unarmed women facing armed men is age-old and universal.

  The Security Council has led the way in recognizing that rape can acquire a strategic twist as a tactic of war. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The terms of the debate have shifted from reacting to sexual violence, like any other tragedy, to preventing it, like any other  threat. Instead of talking about women’s wartime suffering year after year after 

  year, protection mechanisms have been established. Instead of seeing the same few women in meeting after meeting, we are building a broad coalition. The circle of stakeholders now extends to 

  peacekeepers, peacemakers, war crimes prosecutors and the full range of protection actors. After all, it is at the moment of negotiating a peace deal, signing a ceasefire, training troops and sending peacekeepers on 

  patrol that such resolutions have a real-world impact. In short, the Council has ushered in an ideological 

  shift. When it takes notice, others do as well. A decade ago, my mandate to be present in the Chamber, addressing this subject, would have seemed improbable. Yet the Council has kept pace with the 

  changing dynamics of conflict. In contemporary wars, it has become more dangerous to be a woman fetching water or collecting firewood than to be a fighter on the 

  front line. Wars have entered the marketplaces where women trade; they follow children en route to school; and haunt the prison cells where political activists are detained. Accordingly, the Council has embraced a 

  view of security that includes the physical integrity and perspectives of women. During my visits to countries of concern, I have promised to bridge the voices of 

  those women to the work of this body. At the political level, such visits can initiate a dialogue for civilian protection commitments. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  My aim is to remain relevant to the Security Council and to ensure that the mandate adds value to its work. Resolution 1888 (2009) also created the Team 

  of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, which is currently supporting initiatives of the Governments of Guinea, Liberia, South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to combat 

  impunity. It is clear that, now more than ever, we have the tools to succeed. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   At its heart, resolution 1960 (2010) is about prevention. It creates, for the first time, a workable system of deterrence and accountability in response to conflict-related sexual violence. This compliance 

  regime includes a listing option as leverage. In relation to other protection issues, such as ending the recruitment of child soldiers, the practice of listing has yielded tangible results. Expanding the 

  naming and shaming list on children to those credibly suspected of patterns of sexual violence against adult women and men has made the approach comprehensive and the message to armed groups clear. The point is to 

  cease all acts of rape, whether the victim is 8, 18 or 80.  I will never forget the story of an elderly woman I met in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who told me that she had felt secure in the belief that 

  she was too old to be raped, that she could be the soldier’s grandmother. But that did not protect her. While not a panacea, the list is an important tool. It reminds those who commit, command or condone 

  sexual violence that they can no longer sleep easily at night under the cover of impunity and anonymity. The practice of listing shows that this is not just a war of 

  words. Yes, preventive diplomacy is important. And yes, zero-tolerance policies matter. But ultimately, rape must carry consequences. Some have said this exercise 

  is too optimistic, too ambitious. But surely we must bring all measures to bear in addressing this scourge.  The vision is to create conditions in which armed 

  groups see sexual violence as a liability that will invite national and international scrutiny and censure unless concrete measures are taken. These measures are 

  outlined in resolution 1960 (2010) as a basis for delisting. They include the issuance of orders through chains of command and the prohibition of sexual violence in codes of conduct, as well as timely 

  investigation of alleged abuses to hold perpetrators accountable. A command structure with the capacity to sustain military operations and to punish deserters has the capacity to rein in acts of rape.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Those who tolerate sexual terror should be on notice that they do so in defiance of the Security Council, with its power to enact enforcement measures. In the case of Côte d’Ivoire, for example, this means 

  the militiamen who threatened to burn women alive if they resisted rape. They know why they appear in this list. The Council has signalled its intention to consider sexual violence when establishing or renewing 

  sanctions regimes. Exemplary action has already been taken by the Sanctions Committee for the Democratic Republic of Congo with regard to Mai-Mai leader 

  Ntabo Ntaberi Sheka. This sends a powerful message to others. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a frame of reference, the term “conflictrelated sexual violence” has been critical in channelling relevant information from the country level to the Security Council. This framing mirrors the 

  resolutions by focusing on violence that has a nexus with peace and security, rather than on isolated incidents.  Isolated acts of rape occur in all societies, in times of war and of peace. These crimes need to be 

  addressed by the national law-and-order machinery. However, when sexual violence is driven by the dynamics of conflict, is widespread or systematic, constitutes a grave breach of international 

  humanitarian law, or is used for military or political gain, it also warrants consideration by this body, in line with its competence under  the Charter of the United Nations. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Due to the blame, shame and stigma, most survivors still have more to lose than to gain from reporting rape. Improved data collection is therefore inextricably linked to  improved assistance. Our 

  primary focus must always be needs, rather than numbers. Data is not an end in itself, but an evidence base for action.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  While sexual violence disproportionately affects women and girls, men and boys also number among the direct and indirect victims. We need to ensure that our interventions are gender-responsive and communitybased. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  In the wake of war, the aim is not just to build back, but to build back better. That means addressing pre-existing injustice and  inequality. What we have already achieved gives us hope. The action of this 

  Council tells survivors that their lives matter. It also tells perpetrators — and potential perpetrators — that war does not give license to rape. The world is watching. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  Among the pressing issues requiring urgent action and attention is that of women taken hostage and reported missing in connection with armed conflict. We are continuing our efforts to address that disturbing phenomenon, including through the relevant biennial resolution of the General Assembly and the Commission on the Status of Women, of which Azerbaijan is a main sponsor. In that regard, I would like to recall that, inter alia, at its fifty-fourth session, the Commission called for the immediate release of women and children taken hostage in armed conflicts, including by strengthening international cooperation to that end. More resolute and
  targeted measures are required to end impunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including those committed against women in situations of armed conflict. Combating impunity is important not only for the purposes of prosecuting such crimes and bringing those responsible to justice, but also for ensuring sustainable peace, truth and reconciliation.  

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  it is necessary to strengthen the participation of women in all stages of the peace process, pay attention to their status and roles, and further tap their potential. China supports women in playing a greater role in preventing and settling conflicts and in rehabilitation and reconstruction. China supports the United Nations in appointing more female senior officials, special representatives of the Secretary-General and special envoys, and especially in increasing female representation from the developing countries. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  the issue of women is that of development. In order to fundamentally solve various problems, including sexual violence, attention should be paid to promoting economic and social development, eradicating the root causes of conflicts and achieving the comprehensive development of women. The United Nations should actively promote the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals, increase support and assistance to developing countries and, in particular, pay greater attention to the reconstruction and development of post-conflict countries. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  in addressing questions related to women, peace and security, including sexual violence, there should be a division of labour among the relevant United Nations organs, which should collaborate with each other. In accordance with its Charter mandate, the Security Council should concern itself with situations that constitute a threat to international peace and security. At the same time, full play should be given to the role of other United Nations organs and bodies, such as the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Human Rights Council and UN-Women, which should endeavour to generate synergy.  

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Regarding the recommendations contained in the report, Colombia understands that by urging the Council to increase pressure on perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, including the individuals and parties named in the report, the Secretary-General is referring to those named in the report’s annex, that is to say, the situations being considered by the Council and the sanctions committees set up with regard to such situations, which have adopted clear and precise criteria and procedures. We must not lose sight of the fact that each situation is specific, as are the elements of each mandate issued by the Council.

  My delegation reiterates its position with regard to the possible establishment of dialogue with parties to conflict for commitments to prevent sexual violence and hold perpetrators accountable in that the establishment of such dialogue must observe national laws and policies. If a State, as in the case of Colombia, has a policy whereby any dialogue between the United Nations and illegal armed groups operating in the country must take place with the prior explicit authorization of the Government, that decision must be respected.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Colombia attaches the greatest importance to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of sexual violence in armed conflicts. As a result, we are resolutely determined to address this complex series of problems. Our national authorities as a whole are taking action to foster a culture of zero tolerance for violations of human rights, zero tolerance for violence against women and, in particular, zero tolerance for sexual violence. Colombia has legislation ensuring women a life free of any sort of violence in both the public and private spheres and an institutional structure capable of implementing such measures.

  Colombia’s Law No. 1448 of 2011, on care, assistance and full reparation to the victims of internal armed conflict — as highlighted by the Secretary-General in his report — sets out different measures and guarantees of non-recurrence for women and girls who are victims of sexual violence. This is a decisive step forward by the State to deal with these problems in a coordinated and consistent fashion.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the defence sector, many administrative provisions have been adopted aimed at preventing and punishing abuse, such as Ministry of Defence Directive No. 11 of 2010, which is aimed at reasserting compliance by armed forces with regard to their obligation to prevent all forms of violence against women and children, specifically violent sexual acts, as well as Directive No. 7 of March 2011, on combating impunity.

  In order to strengthen the measures adopted in those instruments, coordinated work is being done with the United Nations, the High Adviser for Women’s Equality and other State bodies in order to define additional measures of prevention in accordance with experience gained on the ground and international standards.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  El Salvador recognizes that, 11 years after its adoption, progress has been achieved in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), as pointed out by the second report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary- General. The report clearly indicates the importance of making the women’s peace and security component universal and cross-cutting, and not only from the perspective of the Security Council, but also from that of the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and its subsidiary bodies, and in particular, the Peacebuilding Commission, as appropriate.

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   We commend the coordination and cooperation envisioned in the implementation of those arrangements with the relevant parts of the United Nations system, including the monitoring and reporting mechanism on children and armed conflict, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the human rights components of the United Nations peacekeeping missions. We welcome the finalization of the terms of reference of the women’s protection advisers and call for their swift designation within the United Nations missions’ human rights and gender components. Preventing sexual violence should be our utmost priority. We therefore welcome the development of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence and the scenario based pre-deployment training modules by the United Nations system, which we hope will enhance the capacity of the peacekeepers to respond. A holistic approach that includes women’s full participation in decision-making in peace and security is key to effectively preventing and responding to sexual violence.

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, we want to reiterate our support to the United Nations campaign against sexual violence in conflicts, as well as to the Secretary General’s Policy of Zero Tolerance on Sexual Exploitation and abuse by the United Nations Peacekeeping and Humanitarian personnel. We also encourage Mrs. Wallström to continue her visits to the field, and commend the five visits during the reporting period and the agreements reached with the host Governments. We trust that in this task she will engage with regional bodies to coordinate actions at the highest possible level. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General, in his report, referred to efforts to establish a framework of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence. The United Nations has also developed a set of indicators as global markers of progress in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000). We have taken note of those efforts. The development of such indicators, benchmarks and guidelines should involve a process of broad intergovernmental scrutiny and approval before their eventual adoption. In that connection, one must be cognizant of the difficulty in obtaining credible and verifiable data from conflict situations.

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) in December 2010 was one element of a series of initiatives aimed at bolstering the existing legal toolkit for tackling conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established under that resolution should allow for the collection of objective, reliable and credible data on acts of sexual violence. We would also like to see these arrangements serve as a basis for comprehensive strategies to counter sexual violence by strengthening preventive measures, improving medical and psychological support services, and ensuring access to justice for victims.  My delegation would also like to commend the efforts made by the Council to combat sexual violence, in particular with respect to the preparation of the terms of reference for women’s protection advisers, in cooperation with the Department of Political Affairs, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General also takes stock of situations of sexual violence in several regions of the world and of the measures taken by the parties in conflict to put an end to those acts by identifying those responsible, combating impunity of the perpetrators and masterminds, and making available medical, psychological and social assistance for victims and their families. While it is the responsibility of the parties to a conflict to put an end to the grave consequences of sexual violence during conflict for women and girls, coordinated and sustained action by the United Nations, through its various organs, agencies and specialized and programmes, is crucial to progress in existing initiatives. The Kingdom of Morocco is convinced that the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on conflict-related sexual violence also requires improved coordination among the various national and international  actors involved in the combat against sexual violence, as well as a more resolute and sustained commitment on the part of the United Nations in the area of technical assistance and capacity-building. The international community must stand shoulder to shoulder and act in a spirit of solidarity in guaranteeing women who have fallen victim to sexual violence the right to make their voices heard and to express their suffering, bearing in mind our obligation to listen to them, protect them and to ensure that such crimes never again go unpunished.  

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Pakistan’s commitment to the United Nations agenda of peace and security needs no elaboration. For more than half a century, Pakistanis have served in United Nations peacekeeping operations in challenging circumstances. We have noted the Security Council’s enhanced emphasis on addressing violations of the human rights of children and women through new mechanisms, such as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Employed properly and in cooperation with concerned States and other relevant actors, such tools have the potential for good 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  We are supportive of the work that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General is doing, and would like to encourage her to continue to focus on the core of her mandate, that is, situations of armed conflict or occupation. Having carefully read the report of the Secretary-General (S/2012/33), we have some questions and comments on its specifics.

  Ideas such as the inclusion of elections, political strife or civil unrest under “other situations” go beyond the mandate of the Security Council. They run counter to paragraph 8 of resolution 1960 (2010), which clearly confines the whole debate to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), that is, situations of armed conflict. That is what the report should focus on, not situations that are neither armed conflict nor post-conflict or that threaten international peace and security. It is a matter of concern that some members of the Council, while arguing for a binding nature of Security Council resolutions, paradoxically condone deviations from mandates authorized by those very resolutions. The report should also not deviate from the established notion of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict

  As paragraphs 1 and 3 of resolution 1960 (2010) affirm, the mandate of taking action against specific parties is restricted to those situations that are on the agenda of the Security Council. However, in paragraph 116 of the report, the Secretary-General recommends that the Security Council take specific actions, including the use of targeted measures by sanctions committees, against all parties named in the report, instead of those mentioned in the annex. We would appreciate clarification of that anomaly.
   

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Impunity is simply not acceptable. The work carried out by the Special Representative and, ultimately, by this Council during the past few years is making a real difference in many parts of the world, especially for women and girls, but also for men and boys. As we have heard, Governments have recently prosecuted senior officers of their armed forces for crimes of sexual violence, and leaders of parties in armed conflict have been arrested and transferred to the International Criminal Court. These actions send a powerful signal to the victims of sexual violence that no military or political leader is above the law. This political message needs to be constantly underlined by the United Nations, and by this Council in particular.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Before concluding, let me mention that we regret that we have not yet been able to agree on the presidential statement on this important debate. But we trust that, with the cooperation of all, we will be able to achieve this shortly. I conclude with a word for the victims and the survivors of sexual violence. They are at the centre of our debates. Let us not forget them and the fact that beyond bringing perpetrators to justice, the international community also needs to afford care and reparation to the victims. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  The very nature of violence during armed conflict requires that due attention be paid to all of its manifestations. The issue of women, peace and security should be addressed through a comprehensive approach, as set out in resolution 1325 (2000). Sexual violence is a particular manifestation of violence that clearly requires firm condemnation and severe punishment. The careful investigation of all incidents and the punishment of perpetrators is a guarantee of success in combating this egregious crime. Of particular concern are situations where sexual violence is widespread. However, sexual violence is far from being a root cause of an outbreak of conflict; it is, rather, a symptom of the impunity that prevails during armed conflict. Some of those situations, as we know, pose a threat to international peace and security, and it follows that they require the intervention of the Security Council. But attempts to artificially impose on the Security Council the duty to address the issue of sexual violence in all of its aspects will lead not only to imbalances in system-wide coherence but to an erosion of the legitimacy and importance of Council decisions on grave, complex and urgent issues.  Let us not forget that the issue of countering sexual violence is, in the framework of existing mandates, taken up not only by the Council but also by other United Nations bodies, in particular the General Assembly, the Human Rights Council and the Commission on the Status of Women. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  We would like to recall once again that sexual violence is but one of the crimes committed in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. We are convinced that focusing our efforts on combating sexual violence means that we must also pay due attention to other crimes committed in time of conflict. Civilians continue to be the victims of crimes such as premeditated attacks, including terrorist attacks, as well as the indiscriminate or disproportionate use of force. In our view, the Council must evaluate such cases in an impartial and principled manner and ensure that the perpetrators do not go unpunished. We have carefully studied the report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. We note that the document is rich in factual data, which reflects the credible and comprehensive work being done to combat sexual violence in armed conflict. Much of what has been done is welcome. We can see clearly that progress has been made as a result of the efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. However, the reliability of some of the accounts contained in the report is questionable. We believe that taking an unbiased approach to this delicate issue on the basis of objective and reliable information is the key to promoting confidence in the activities undertaken in this respect. We disagree with the broad manner in which the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has interpreted her mandate. We would draw attention in particular to the fact that the issue under consideration today is conflict related sexual violence. Unilateral changes in the scope of an issue dealt with by a special United Nations mechanism established as a result of intergovernmental processes and enshrined in Security Council resolutions are inadmissible and could have an adverse impact on our ability to resolve the issue of sexual violence. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative  of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security. In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve  to further improve the activities ofthe Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within  the framework of their mandates. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security.
  In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve to further improve the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within the framework of their mandates.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa attaches great significance to the subject matter under consideration, and we wish to express our sincere gratitude to the Secretary-General, the Special Representative and the entire United Nations team that continues to work hard to ensure that this scourge is completely eradicated. We would like to commend the excellent job done by the United Nations and the Special Representative to highlight the challenges of sexual violence in conflict-affected areas. Africa continues to bear the brunt of this evil, given its high share of the number of conflict areas. This scourge has to be completely eradicated sooner than later.

  South Africa remains deeply concerned about the continuing trends of sexual violence in armed conflict and post-conflict situations, in particular the deliberate targeting of civilians, especially children. It is a fact that women and girls are disproportionately affected by the scourge of violence.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We have taken note of the fact that the Secretary-General’s report for the past year was prepared and compiled after a broad and extensive consultation with the 13-entity network — a fact greatly appreciated by my delegation, given that it has enriched the report by making it one informed by the conditions and experiences on the ground. No doubt it is one of the most comprehensive reports ever prepared on this matter, and it represents to a large extent the great deal of progress in dealing with this scourge. We are particularly pleased that United Nations peacekeeping and political missions, as well as country teams, were primary sources of information for the report. For South Africa that is crucial, because the report is informed by the experiences of people who are at the cold phase.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa supports the recommendations of the Secretary-General that the Security Council increase pressure on the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, that it utilize all means at its disposal, and that, in this matter, it fully support the use of referrals to the International Criminal Court. For us, there is no gainsaying the fact that the International Criminal Court has strengthened the fight against impunity for the most serious crimes of international concern against women and girls. We continue to stand ready to work with other members of the Council and the United Nations in general to enhance efforts against impunity and to ensure that perpetrators are held accountable. The perpetrators of these evil acts should no longer be allowed to remain in uniform, roam the streets, sit at negotiating tables, continue to occupy positions of authority or command armed forces.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We fully concur with the recommendation that the Security Council should systematically reflect conflict-related sexual violence in the authorization and renewal of peacekeeping mandates and the renewal of special political missions. In that respect, South Africa has always supported the call for the deployment of women protection advisers to peacekeeping and political missions in order to coordinate the implementation of conflict-related sexual violence.

  For our part, South Africa continues to increase the number of women deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. About 45 per cent of the troops we contribute to the United Nations are women, and 10 per cent of them have played leadership and commanding roles. We will continue to do our part and to contribute to international efforts to address the scourge of conflict-related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  United Nations efforts to eradicate sexual violence in armed conflict deserve recognition, as they make an important contribution to restoring peace and security in countries in conflict and to the essential process of reconciliation. Indeed, the suffering inflicted on women and girls in armed conflict and post-conflict situations remains a source of serious concern insofar as it undermines the process of reconciliation. Sexual violence is manifested in rape, sexual slavery, prostitution, pregnancy, forced sterilization and any other form of sexual violence of comparable seriousness. Such acts, committed in conflict or post-conflict situations or in other crisis situations, constitute serious violations of human rights and are all the more deplorable for their impact on people who are already vulnerable 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  In addition to those measures, which are aimed at preventing violence against women in conflict, my country reiterates the urgent need to put an end to impunity if we are to ensure that every society in the thrall of conflict, wherever it may be, draws lessons from the atrocities committed against civilians and prevents such atrocities from being repeated. In that regard, Togo welcomes the steps taken by the Secretary-General to ensure that the zero-tolerance policy regarding exploitation and sexual violence in United Nations peacekeeping operations, in conformity with paragraph 7 of resolution 1820 (2008), does not remain an empty term. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country also supports the main initiatives launched by the United Nations to combat sexual violence in times of conflict, as set out in the report. These efforts include scenario-based pre-deployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence; analysis of early warning signs of sexual violence in times of conflict, with the aim of integrating that analysis into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response; and addressing conflict related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  To combat and especially to deter the perpetration of such acts, Togo believes that the countries concerned must build an arsenal of justice, such as national or hybrid criminal courts and tribunals, turning, if necessary to the International Criminal Court, with scrupulous respect for the principle of complementarity, which maintains the primacy of national jurisdictions.

  My country also believes that the affected countries could resort to extrajudicial mechanisms and methods of reconciliation, that is, to truth, justice and reconciliation commissions and roundtables. These mechanisms can help not only to solidify the principle of the individual responsibility of perpetrators of serious crimes, but also to promote peace, truth, reconciliation and the rights of victims.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Firstly I would like to commend SRSG Wallstrom for the good work that she has done to raise the profile of this issue, including fighting against impunity. We welcome her concerted efforts in tackling this issue, leadingto a more co-ordinated response from the UN system as she has set out this morning. UN Action has played an important part in implementing the monitoring analysis and reporting arrangements (MARA). MsWallstrom has also worked tirelessly to ensure that the voices of nongovernmental and civil society organisations are heard.  Secondly, we welcome the efforts towards greater accountability, and an end to impunity. The UN monitoring and reporting mechanisms provide reliable, objective and evidence based information on conflict-related sexual violence against women, men, girls and boys. Under Resolution 1960, the Security Council can now hold to account parties credibly suspected of committing acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence. We note these parties listed for the first time and support appropriate action being taken against those responsible for these terrible acts. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence demonstrates the importance of having a Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. In just the past year, she was able, together with the Team of Experts, to assemble the evidence available in the report, and to begin to address some of the horrors it describes. From the beginning, the United States has supported the Special Representative and the Team of Experts, both 

  in advocating their mandates and financing their work. It is time and money well spent.  The Special Representative has, first of all, gathered facts. We now know how rape was used to humiliate and punish during the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. We know now that 625 cases of sexual violence by warring parties were recorded by the United Nations from December 2010 to November 2011 in the North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale 

  provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We have before us figures, dates, names of perpetrators and perpetrating forces in those countries, as well as in Burma, Somalia, the Sudan and South Sudan. We also now have information, sometimes very extensive information, about sexual violence perpetrated in post-conflict situations and situations of civil unrest, in the Central African Republic, Syria, Guinea, Nepal and elsewhere.  The Special Representative and the Team of Experts have demonstrated the extent of the problem. Their work is also increasing awareness of the issue and encouraging best practices. In the reporting period, more than 150 people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from various types of security forces, were sentenced after trial to punishment for crimes of sexual violence. A total of 9,534 Congolese survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces, including at least 1,700 children, received medical and psychosocial support. Congolese officers in two conflict-affected provinces are now receiving training from the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), to train their own soldiers on how to prevent sexual violence and deal properly with witnesses and victims. Those training modules will become the national standard for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

   In Côte d’Ivoire, the Special Representative received a commitment from the President of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that reparations for victims of sexual violence would be part of the Commission’s mandate. In Liberia and South Sudan, the Team of Experts has worked with national justice sectors on sentencing guidelines, the training of police, constitution-drafting and a host of other initiatives.  That is what the Office of the Special Representative is for. The Security Council’s mandate is clear and the Special Representative has been forthright in carrying it out. She deserves our strong support.  The problem, unfortunately, remains vast. We have only begun. Impunity is still alarmingly common. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sheka Ntabo Ntaberi ran as a candidate for office even as a warrant was out for his arrest for sexual violence. In Guinea, as detailed in the Secretary-General’s report, two men connected to the violence of September 2009, which included sexual violence, have since been given high Government positions. Such impunity should not be tolerated. Apart from keeping a sharp focus on ending impunity, we need to build our institutional capacity for early warning. We applaud the efforts of the Special Representative, of United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, and of UN-Women to develop an early warning framework.  

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me first to express my thanks to you, Mr. President, for convening this debate. Armenia fully supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to address conflict-related sexual violence. We welcome the recent report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. My delegation also welcomes the presentation of Special Representative of the Secretary-General Margot Wallström, and we commend her tireless efforts and leadership. We are also grateful for the informative statements made by the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations and by Ms. Megheirbi.  

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s debate addresses an urgent matter. More and more, we are witnessing a disturbing trend in the use of sexual violence as a political and military tool, the effects of which are grave and long lasting, often alienating entire communities. Although conflict related sexual violence is not a women’s issue, it is a known fact that a disproportionate number of victims of such violence are women and girls. Sexual violence affects all aspects of women’s lives, compromising their wellbeing, security and basic human rights. It further exacerbates the inequities that women face and, in so doing, it threatens peace, security, development and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts. As such, addressing sexual violence demands a multilayered approach and requires involvement on the international, regional and national levels. We must identify the crime and bring those responsible to justice. 

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, although important steps have been taken towards our common goal of preventing and effectively responding to conflict-related sexual violence, much remains to be done. Armenia remains committed to working closely with the Council, the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the other relevant United Nations bodies toward this noble end. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  In the two and a half years since the Council committed to taking more effective action to prevent and address sexual violence in conflict, we have witnessed a significant number of United Nations actions designed to turn rhetoric into action. The work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has been integral to this effort. The landmark adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) 12 months ago demonstrated the Council’s willingness to take measures to end the scourge of sexual violence in conflict.  It is critical that the Council and Member States implement resolution 1960 (2010) fully. 

  Australia strongly supports the work of the Special Representative, particularly the increasing use of field visits and direct engagement with parties to conflict. We encourage the Council to receive regular briefings from the Special Representative when she considers issues related to sexual violence to be relevant to its deliberations. That would help the Council to undertake its preventive role.     

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We encourage the Council to remain seized of the need to deploy women protection advisers to peacekeeping and special political missions. The inclusion of relevant information in country-specific reports and in mission mandates must also be considered. We also join South Africa in encouraging the inclusion of more women as uniformed personnel in peacekeeping operations, and welcome India’s statement today that it is willing to increase its own contribution in this regard.

  We welcome the recent deployments of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. South Sudan’s use of this expertise to guide the planning of its justice system should be particularly welcomed. Integrating the voices of women into design will better ensure gender-responsive justice systems.  

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  In Bangladesh, based on our experience with nation-building and women’s empowerment, we have embraced this view and developed a model that our Prime Minister, Her Excellency Sheikh Hasina calls a “peace model”. She believes that if peace is attained and maintained, development and prosperity will follow. The central message conveyed in the model emphasizes the empowerment of people, including women and other vulnerable groups. I am happy to note here that the General Assembly recently adopted resolution 66/224, entitled “People’s empowerment and development”.

  Women occupy many top leadership positions in my country. The Constitution of Bangladesh guarantees the equality of men and women within the broad framework of non-discrimination on grounds of religion, race or gender. The 345-member National Parliament of Bangladesh has 45 seats reserved for women. We also have a significant number of elected women representatives in local bodies.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  First is the mandate of the Special Representative, which for Belgium is very clear. It allows the Security Council to focus on sexual violence not only in classic conflict situations but also in post-conflict situations or other serious situations, such as political unrest. The Council already regularly takes up such issues in various types of situations. I welcome the reference in the report to instances of sexual violence in situations of unrest and instability, particularly in Egypt and Syria. To reduce the mandate solely to cases of sexual violence in conflict situations would be tantamount to restricting the role of the United Nations in defending individuals and societies that suffer from this terrible scourge. We cannot retreat from the detailed mandate set out in resolution 1960 (2010).

  Furthermore, while sexual violence mainly affects women and girls, the Secretary-General’s report makes very clear that the situation of men, especially those in custody, as well as children born as a result of rape, deserves greater attention from us. Rather than seeking to lock the mandate into too limited an area of action, we should develop a comprehensive approach to protecting civilians.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My third and final comment relates to situations in some particular countries. The Special Representative has visited the Democratic Republic of the Congo several times to discuss with top Government officials the issue of sexual violence, often committed by military personnel. Belgium was among the first to provide financial support for the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s national strategy to combat sexual violence. We also provided financial support to the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo for military judges to assist with the prosecution of soldiers accused of sexual violence in the eastern part of the country. Belgium intends to remain engaged in this project, in consultation with the Special Representative and with national authorities.  

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  As Chair of the Peacebuilding Commission’s Central African Republic configuration, Belgium attributes particular importance to the issue of sexual violence in that country. The Central African Republic is on the priority list for action by the Special Representative. The problem of violence against women and children is discussed during each Commission field visit, and regular contact on the subject is maintained with the Office of the Special Representative.  

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  The reports on the situations in Libya, Egypt and Syria are particularly relevant in the context of the so-called Arab Spring. The issue of sexual violence in countries in transition should not be ignored. I am deeply concerned at reports by the United Nations commission of inquiry to the effect that Syrian armed forces and security personnel have used sexual torture against detainees in various detention centers of the intelligence and political security services. I trust we shall have an opportunity to speak of that tomorrow, in the framework of the meeting of the friends of Syria in Tunis.

  In conclusion, I would like to stress the collective responsibility for the fight against sexual violence. The Security Council must act on this report, in particular by transmitting to the sanctions committees the list of parties responsible for sexual violence, which is annexed to the report, for effective follow-up. The development of that list is a first, for which I congratulate the Secretary-General.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  While recognizing that national justice systems may be significantly weakened in conflict and post conflict situations, we realize that inaction could send a wrong message, namely, that sexual violence is tolerated. We therefore call upon all concerned to refrain from such human rights abuses, and instead to promote respect for international humanitarian law and non-violent forms of conflict resolution, and to cultivate a culture of peace.

  The importance of demonstrating our commitment and political will to prevent sexual violence, combat impunity and enforce accountability by prosecuting those responsible for perpetrating such crimes against civilians cannot be overemphasized. In addition, we wish to stress the importance for States, with the support of the international community, of strengthening efforts to implement the policy of zero tolerance for sexual violence, and to increase access to health care, psychological support, legal assistance and socio-economic reintegration services for victims of sexual violence, in particular in rural areas, taking into account the specific needs of women and children, including those with disabilities.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  The responsibility to implement relevant Security Council resolutions with a view to enhancing women’s participation in peace processes, including the protection of women from all forms of sexual violence, rests primarily with their respective Governments. At the national level, stress has been placed on national ownership of the peacebuilding process. Indonesia fully agrees with this. In effect, this means that any external support provided for the process must be demand-driven.

   

   

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The challenge is to ensure that our outrage translates into determined and purposeful action, yielding early and measurable results. Before commenting further on the Secretary-General’s report, I would wish to note actions undertaken by my Government in the past few months.

  Our Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister addressed the Security Council two weeks ago (see S/PV.6715) in his capacity as Chairperson-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In his statement, he made clear that the issue of women and peace and security will receive strong emphasis throughout Ireland’s chairing of the Organization. A new Special Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office on Gender Issues, Ms. June Zeitlin, has been appointed. Ireland is also providing a dedicated military officer, based at our Permanent Mission to the OSCE in Vienna, to examine ways in which the OSCE can support the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and related resolutions.

  Ireland has also wished to demonstrate at the national level its strong continuing support for the work of the Special Representative of the Secretary- General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. As a concrete demonstration of that support, we have made a financial contribution to the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. Aware that the Team of Experts relies upon extra budgetary resources, we were pleased to be able to contribute $135,000 at the end of last year.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Kenya welcomes the leadership shown by Togo in holding this debate during its presidency. The United Nations is commemorating the twelfth year since the unanimous adoption of resolution 1325 (2000) and two years since the adoption of resolution 1960 (2010). My delegation notes with satisfaction the commitment shown by Member States, the United Nations system, civil society and other actors in implementing those and related resolutions. Those resolutions, together with other international instruments constitute the bedrock for women’s work on peace and security and also the basis for cooperation among all actors involved in this field. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The Kenyan Constitution has entrenched women’s participation in all aspects of Kenya’s governance structures and societal life in general. By promoting full and effective participation and granting the Kenyan woman her rightful place at the decision making table, Kenya has ensured that there shall be nothing about society without women’s involvement and genuine participation. But ever since the African Union/United Nations-sponsored mediation process that led to the formation of the coalition Government, Kenya has remained true to its promises and strived, against great odds, to carry out its obligations responsibly. No single, simple metric conveys better the contrast between the situation as it then was and is now. Kenya’s cooperation with the International Criminal Court and the putting in place of key legislation, such as the International Crimes Act and the Witness Protection Act, provide necessary legal safeguards for the effective prosecution of the perpetrators of post-election violence. Kenya is grateful to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for its continued support in this regard. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I wish to note that all over the world, many women are denied their social, economic, political and civil rights. They are systematically discriminated against because of their gender. While I reaffirm Kenya’s commitment to implementing resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1960 (2010), there is a nexus between violence against women and the economic and power structure. We must therefore emphasize on greater coherence and coordination in addressing women’s issues in a fair and holistic manner in all situations. It is therefore imperative that consideration be given to how best to incorporate the activities of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict with the work of UN-Women. 

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the start of implementation in the field, of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and hope that the difficulties remaining in collecting and verifying information and in establishing shared databases will soon be resolved.

  We fully support the new United Nations initiatives in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence, in particular the development of early warning indicators to assist United Nations personnel on the ground in identifying early warning signs specific to acts of sexual violence and to better prevent such violence, as well as the importance attached to the inclusion in ceasefire and peace agreements of provisions on conflict-related sexual violence aimed at achieving durable peace.
   

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  One of the main challenges confronting the international community with regard to sexual violence in armed conflicts is to bring those responsible to justice in order to put an end to the culture of impunity. To that end, the Security Council must take robust measures against all those who are involved in committing those deplorable acts, in a manner consistent with international law. Given the scope and the impact of this type of crime, the Security Council must use every measure available to it, such as the adoption of sanctions targeting those who are responsible.

  Likewise, as mentioned by the Secretary-General in his report (S/2012/33), the Security Council has the capacity to refer cases to the International Criminal Court and to mandate international investigation commissions.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  We must in no way allow violence against women and sexual violence to be seen as an inevitable part of armed conflicts. In that regard, we are pleased that the Secretary-General has implemented a zero-tolerance policy in peacekeeping operations for all forms of violence against women, gender violence and in particular violence and sexual abuse. We also welcome his recent report on the issue that recognizes the important work that has been done jointly by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, UN-Women and various actors of the United Nations system with regard to the development and implementation of a comprehensive strategy to combat this scourge, which is essential in order to respond in a timely and adequate manner to situations of sexual violence.
  

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  My country also supports the work of UN-Women, and we encourage it to continue to contribute decisively to the implementation of resolutions relating to peace and security. Peru also welcomes the work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict on aspects linked to women, peace and security, especially relating to the prevention of sexual violence.
  

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  We also thank the Secretary-General for his report on Conflict-related sexual violence (S/2012/33) and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Wallström, for her briefing. We endorse the recommendations in the report and we fully support the work and mandate of the Special Representative, as established in resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), as well as that of the Group of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. 

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  My Government is currently conducting its third review of the national action plan on women and peace and security, incorporating the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s reports and in the resolutions, statements and decisions of the Security Council, especially those relating to sexual violence in conflict. My delegation welcomes the fact that the members of the Security Council have also been able to reach agreement on this important issue.

  Finally, I again thank the Special Representative for her words and for her work. We hope that her work and the work of her Team of Experts, together with UN-Women, in cooperation with all other actors, will help to cement the commitments needed to finally put an end to sexual violence in  

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  Sri Lanka has had a very constructive engagement with the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We appreciate the open and transparent manner that has been adopted by the Special Representative’s Office in working with Sri Lanka on this important issue. In this area, too, reporting from the field must contain verifiable information that would enable Governments that are committed to sincerely addressing issues of sexual violence in post-conflict situations to investigate and provide redress to the affected. It is equally important that monitoring missions do not confuse common criminal activity with such gender-based violence. Such a distortion would smack of politically motivated targeting of Member States.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased that Special Representative Wallström has been able to address the Council in country-specific meetings throughout her mandate when new information emerged. That type of interaction can allow preventive action to be taken in reasonable time. Timely, analytical and verified information allows a better response at all levels. National Governments and local civil society organizations can more accurately plan and establish effective early warning tools, response and protection mechanisms, as well as services for survivors. United Nations actors and international non-governmental organizations that support them can respond quicker and better.

  
  The Security Council can take targeted and consistent action against perpetrators to fight impunity, increase compliance with international law and, ultimately, prevent such crimes from happening in the first place. We encourage the Council to explore ways by which it could enhance and systematize the consideration of information on serious violations being brought to it, as well as to use all possible tools at its disposal to respond.

   

  
  

• Syrian Arab Republic

  February 23, 2012

  The Special Representative mentioned my country in the report before us in the context of what she called sexual violence and in the context of elections, political strife an civil unrest, thereby exceeding the mandate entrusted to her by resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010). Under those resolutions, she has the right to express concern and to draw the attention of the Security Council to forms of sexual violence committed only in the context of armed conflict or post-conflict situations.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  It is also clear that Security Council debates have led to significant normative innovations, in particular the appointment of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, the deployment of women’s protection advisers within peacekeeping missions, and the operationalization of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. They must receive the financial assistance necessary to enable them to help countries develop comprehensive national strategies to combat violence against women.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  War has always impacted men and women differently, but probably never more so than in modern armed conflicts. In recent armed conflicts, women and girls have been disproportionately targeted and constituted the majority of victims. They are also more vulnerable to all forms of violence, in particular sexual violence and exploitation. The report of the Secretary-General has shown the dire plight of many women and girls and what can be done to alleviate some of these injustices. Viet Nam supports many of the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s report, as well as many views expressed during this debate. As a country that has experience in dealing with the consequences of wars and as the main sponsor of resolution 1889 (2009), on women, peace and security, Viet Nam would like to underline the following. First, although the international efforts in promoting the implementation of the women, peace and security resolutions 1325 (2000) 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have achieved meaningful progress, challenges still remain.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Viet Nam is of the view that the diverse nature of violence against women and girls requires a comprehensive approach. The United Nations therefore plays an important role in coordinating with Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, especially UN-Women, civil society and other stakeholders, in promoting the recognition and integration of women in the area of peace and security and in intensifying international efforts to end sexual violence against women and girls in a coherent manner and with gender sensitivity

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The mandate related to sexual violence in situations of armed conflict is one of the most demanding in peacekeeping. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the Department 

  of Field Support (DFS) remain deeply concerned that, despite universal and repeated condemnation, sexual violence continues to be used as a tactic of war, in particular against women and children. 

  We greatly appreciate the political advocacy and leadership of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Wallström, in heading the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict.

  During the past year, collaboration between my Department, Special Representative Wallström, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and 

  United Nations Action has been strengthened. Thanks to these partnerships, we are continuing to produce concrete results. Since last year’s debate, we have worked with the Office of Ms. Wallström and the Office of the United 

  Nations High Commissioner of Human Rights to develop terms of reference for women’s protection advisers. A tripartite approach has been adopted in the context of the advisers by placing them in gender and human rights organizations and in the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the relevant peacekeeping operations to facilitate cooperation. This approach maximizes existing capacities in the field and avoids fragmentation and 

  duplication of responsibilities. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In 2011, the Office of Special Representative Wallström and United Nations Action developed guidelines on the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. The human rights structures in our 

  peacekeeping operations direct monitoring and verification, in close collaboration with other mission components and the members of the United Nations country team. 

  While the arrangements are not an end in themselves, they should contribute towards a better prevention and programming policy response. There remain challenges that we are trying to address: 

  mobilizing capacities to implement the arrangements; ensuring the presence of uniformed women in affected areas to reach out to women and girls; and addressing inadequate infrastructure and communications to gain 

  access to important regions to monitor and verify incidents. Ultimately, impunity, scarce services in rural areas and insecurity deter survivors from reporting the sexual violence to which they have been subjected. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) has worked with civil society and women  in particular to ensure that the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur included 

  provisions for the Government of the Sudan to take the steps necessary to deliver effective and timely justice for serious human rights violations, including sexual violence, and to prevent amnesty in cases of crimes of 

  sexual violence. (spoke in English) Progress has also been made in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where MONUSCO supports civilian and military prosecutors in investigating allegations of conflict-related sexual violence. In 2010 and 2011, MONUSCO undertook more than 30 joint investigation team missions with magistrates and police officers to investigate cases of sexual violence. MONUSCO also supported the holding of trials, so as 

  to strengthen the military justice system, including through mobile court proceedings in remote areas. As a result, 217 judgments on sexual violence were delivered in 2011. MONUSCO and partners also 

  support 39 legal centres, which provide free legal assistance to survivors of sexual violence and to their families. In 2011 more than 2,200 survivors received assistance.   

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Capacity-building is an important element of the sexual violence mandate, which we are carrying out in support of host Governments and within our missions. For example, in Timor-Leste, Liberia, Haiti and Darfur, 

  United Nations police work in support of the national police to develop dedicated spaces to receive survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. For example, three such spaces are being launched this month in atrisk camps in Haiti. To that end, the Police Division is working with police-contributing countries to develop training and trainer modules to standardize the prevention and investigation of sexual and genderbased violence in post-conflict environments, for 

  United Nations police and national police forces. In the course of last year, 103 police trainers were certified through five regional training courses. 

  To capacitate our military components, we have developed training modules, in consultation with Member States, to accompany the military gender guidelines. We are piloting them regionally. We have 

  also introduced a module on conflict-related sexual violence, developed under the auspices of UN Action into the DPKO/DFS protection of civilians training modules for military, police and civilian components. 

  Those modules were recently finalized and disseminated to our missions and key peacekeeping training partners.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Ultimately, protection from sexual violence is a key element of the protection of civilians mandate of United Nations peacekeeping operations. Given the diverse environments in which peacekeeping missions 

  operate, different protection arrangements have emerged. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for instance, joint protection teams and community liaison assistants have become essential elements of 

  MONUSCO’s efforts to address the protection of civilians. Community alert networks established through the use of cellular phones and high-frequency radio networks are currently being piloted. 

  Another example is Darfur, where UNAMID and the United Nations country team regularly conduct joint assessment field missions in selected camps for internally displaced persons, to identify security and 

  humanitarian concerns, such as access to basic services, the human rights  situation, patterns of population movement and communities’ coping mechanisms. The missions verify reported cases of 

  sexual violence, and therefore they also address the problem of conflicting information.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In order to capture good practices and lessons learned, we are conducting an inventory of our structures and practices, which can be replicated in other contexts. Furthermore, the United Nations Action 

  early warning indicators matrix on conflict-related sexual violence, to which the Special Representative referred, will be adapted to the operational environments of two peacekeeping operations and 

  piloted and introduced into the protection arrangements of other peacekeeping operations later this year. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  We appreciate the ongoing work of numerous actors to combat violence against women. That includes the efforts of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual 

  Violence in Conflict. We  welcome the analysis and recommendations contained in the latest SecretaryGeneral’s Report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence. As the report makes clear, sexual violence is 

  often used as a weapon to torture, terrorize and threaten peace. It is important to remember that each paragraph of the report represents human beings — women, men, children and communities affected by 

  that threat to peace and security. That includes individuals from my community who, like most victims, have not received and likely will not receive proper services, protection, acknowledgement, justice 

  or accountability. This represents a collective failure of the international community to effectively respond to the threat. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   On the morning of 30 September 2009, two dramatically different events took place. One — which Council members are all familiar with — was the adoption of resolution 1888 (2009) creating the 

  mandate of a United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. The other was a demonstration just outside the United Nations complex, condemning mass rape by security forces in 

  the small West African nation of Guinea.  As the Council reached consensus on new measures to combat sexual violence, beyond the Chamber protesters decried yet more premeditated mass rape. As world public opinion applauded the commitments of this body, international headlines told of soldiers raping in broad daylight. Some Council members noted the connection between resolution 1888 (2009) and the use of rape to suppress a peaceful rally in Guinea-Conakry. They noted that when rape is part of the repertoire of conflict or political coercion, it is a form of collective violence that can threaten collective peace and security. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a frame of reference, the term “conflictrelated sexual violence” has been critical in channelling relevant information from the country level to the Security Council. This framing mirrors the 

  resolutions by focusing on violence that has a nexus with peace and security, rather than on isolated incidents.  Isolated acts of rape occur in all societies, in times of war and of peace. These crimes need to be 

  addressed by the national law-and-order machinery. However, when sexual violence is driven by the dynamics of conflict, is widespread or systematic, constitutes a grave breach of international 

  humanitarian law, or is used for military or political gain, it also warrants consideration by this body, in line with its competence under  the Charter of the United Nations. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, we want to reiterate our support to the United Nations campaign against sexual violence in conflicts, as well as to the Secretary General’s Policy of Zero Tolerance on Sexual Exploitation and abuse by the United Nations Peacekeeping and Humanitarian personnel. We also encourage Mrs. Wallström to continue her visits to the field, and commend the five visits during the reporting period and the agreements reached with the host Governments. We trust that in this task she will engage with regional bodies to coordinate actions at the highest possible level. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General, in his report, referred to efforts to establish a framework of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence. The United Nations has also developed a set of indicators as global markers of progress in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000). We have taken note of those efforts. The development of such indicators, benchmarks and guidelines should involve a process of broad intergovernmental scrutiny and approval before their eventual adoption. In that connection, one must be cognizant of the difficulty in obtaining credible and verifiable data from conflict situations.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, prevention is always key. The SecretaryGeneral’s report also serves this purpose, as it provides the information needed not only to react, but first and foremost to prevent. We look forward to the progressive strengthening of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements mandated by resolution 1960 (2010). We also encourage the adoption of national and regional early warning systems that could draw upon the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Let me start by commending Ms. Margo Wallström for her excellent work over the past two years and her efforts to spread a clear message that sexual violence is simply not tolerable and that there is no real securitywithout women’s security. The report (S/2012/33) before us today gives a clear and comprehensive idea of the intensive work that has been carried out worldwide by the Special Representative in her advocacy for thfight against conflict-related sexual violence, in field visits, in engaging with national and non-governmental bodies and authorities and in coordinating within the United Nations system. It provides us with importantinformation on the implementation of the resolutions passed by this Council regarding monitoring and reporting arrangements aimed at collecting more consistent information on conflict-related sexual violence, but also regarding the establishment of a team of experts on the rule of law to assist national authorities to reinforce traditional systems weakened by conflict. Moreover, the report provides us with very useful information on specific situations, in accordance with resolution 1888 (2009) — information about incidents,but also about challenges and best practices adopted at the national level. It also contains very concrete recommendations, which we welcome. We must recognize that much has been achieved, and we are confident that the Special Representative will continue to carry out her mandate in the same committed and professional manner. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

   

  Another promising tool at the disposal of Member States is the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. We welcome the technical cooperation that was provided at the request of national authorities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, the Republic of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire. All information contained in the report is relevant for the Security Council in terms of the Charter’s mandate for the maintenance of national peace and security. The information that is already collected by the reporting mechanism will improve the Council’s access to timely, objective, accurate and reliable information on sexual violence in conflict. The Secretary-General or the Special Representative will be able to brief the Council with reliable information on specific situations that deserve the Council’s attention. That reliable information will consequently enable the Council to act, collectively and in an appropriate mode, well before major incidents of widespread sexual violence reinforce threats to peace and security.

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  The very nature of violence during armed conflict requires that due attention be paid to all of its manifestations. The issue of women, peace and security should be addressed through a comprehensive approach, as set out in resolution 1325 (2000). Sexual violence is a particular manifestation of violence that clearly requires firm condemnation and severe punishment. The careful investigation of all incidents and the punishment of perpetrators is a guarantee of success in combating this egregious crime. Of particular concern are situations where sexual violence is widespread. However, sexual violence is far from being a root cause of an outbreak of conflict; it is, rather, a symptom of the impunity that prevails during armed conflict. Some of those situations, as we know, pose a threat to international peace and security, and it follows that they require the intervention of the Security Council. But attempts to artificially impose on the Security Council the duty to address the issue of sexual violence in all of its aspects will lead not only to imbalances in system-wide coherence but to an erosion of the legitimacy and importance of Council decisions on grave, complex and urgent issues.  Let us not forget that the issue of countering sexual violence is, in the framework of existing mandates, taken up not only by the Council but also by other United Nations bodies, in particular the General Assembly, the Human Rights Council and the Commission on the Status of Women. 

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Firstly I would like to commend SRSG Wallstrom for the good work that she has done to raise the profile of this issue, including fighting against impunity. We welcome her concerted efforts in tackling this issue, leadingto a more co-ordinated response from the UN system as she has set out this morning. UN Action has played an important part in implementing the monitoring analysis and reporting arrangements (MARA). MsWallstrom has also worked tirelessly to ensure that the voices of nongovernmental and civil society organisations are heard.  Secondly, we welcome the efforts towards greater accountability, and an end to impunity. The UN monitoring and reporting mechanisms provide reliable, objective and evidence based information on conflict-related sexual violence against women, men, girls and boys. Under Resolution 1960, the Security Council can now hold to account parties credibly suspected of committing acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence. We note these parties listed for the first time and support appropriate action being taken against those responsible for these terrible acts. 

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada urges the Council to consistently address conflict-related sexual violence in its work, including by ensuring that preventing and responding to sexual violence is part of the mandated tasks of United Nations peacekeeping operations. In the upcoming mandate renewals of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya and the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan next month, mandate elements addressing sexual violence should be strengthened.

  Canada supports the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the use of the early warning indicators that are being piloted for use in select projects, including operations in South Sudan and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General on conflict related sexual violence (S/2012/33) that has been introduced today by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict highlights progress achieved in monitoring, analysis and reporting activities aimed at addressing sexual violence against women in conflict and post-conflict situations, including the important role of women’s protection advisers in that context, and provides information on parties to conflict credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for acts of sexual violence, in relation to the implementation of Security Council resolution 1960 (2010) on sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. 

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  At the international level, the emergence of a universal working definition to facilitate data collection should advocate timely, reliable and verified information and proper analysis of data on the
  occurrence of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. Such a definition will help stakeholders in delivering survivor and victim-focused responses. Overcoming the trauma they have had to endure is an important factor in helping women to become active peacebuilding actors in the future. In addition, such a definition will also considerably refine the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements recommended by resolution 1960 (2010).

   

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

   

  As the Special Representative has pointed out on many occasions, sexual violence
  is never a by-product of conflict, and it can be prevented. We should focus more
  on the prevention side of the issue. Japan welcomes the framework of early
  warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence that has been
  developed based on collective analysis by the broader membership of the United
  Nations system. We encourage all stakeholders to incorporate the framework of
  early warning indicators into their immediate responses to conflict. We also
  expect that the Secretary-General’s next report will include more analysis on
  the root causes of conflict-related sexual violence from the perspective of
  prevention.

   

  Finally, I would like to underline the important role played by United
  Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, a network of 13 United
  Nations entities chaired by Special Representative Wallström. United Nations
  Action is the key to a comprehensive and coordinated approach to preventing and
  responding to conflict-related sexual violence. Japan welcomes United Nations
  Action’s strategic framework for 2011-12, which specifies the leading entities
  for each action. We expect that United Nations Action will further strengthen
  its network and activities on the ground, particularly by making tangible the
  positive changes for the survivors of conflict-related sexual violence.

   

   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the start of implementation in the field, of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and hope that the difficulties remaining in collecting and verifying information and in establishing shared databases will soon be resolved.

  We fully support the new United Nations initiatives in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence, in particular the development of early warning indicators to assist United Nations personnel on the ground in identifying early warning signs specific to acts of sexual violence and to better prevent such violence, as well as the importance attached to the inclusion in ceasefire and peace agreements of provisions on conflict-related sexual violence aimed at achieving durable peace.
   

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  While the Government will continue to adopt social, economic and security measures relating to women and children, which also have relevance to the Commission’s findings, courses of action will also be taken in response to the Commission’s recommendations. The Government finds the Commission’s suggestions regarding institutional mechanisms to deal with land documentation and user right issues to be valuable, as the resolution of competing equities of land titles in the former conflict affected areas is strikingly complex.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In 2011, the Office of Special Representative Wallström and United Nations Action developed guidelines on the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. The human rights structures in our 

  peacekeeping operations direct monitoring and verification, in close collaboration with other mission components and the members of the United Nations country team. 

  While the arrangements are not an end in themselves, they should contribute towards a better prevention and programming policy response. There remain challenges that we are trying to address: 

  mobilizing capacities to implement the arrangements; ensuring the presence of uniformed women in affected areas to reach out to women and girls; and addressing inadequate infrastructure and communications to gain 

  access to important regions to monitor and verify incidents. Ultimately, impunity, scarce services in rural areas and insecurity deter survivors from reporting the sexual violence to which they have been subjected. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In order to capture good practices and lessons learned, we are conducting an inventory of our structures and practices, which can be replicated in other contexts. Furthermore, the United Nations Action 

  early warning indicators matrix on conflict-related sexual violence, to which the Special Representative referred, will be adapted to the operational environments of two peacekeeping operations and 

  piloted and introduced into the protection arrangements of other peacekeeping operations later this year. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  One such tool is the report being debated today. It provides striking examples of sexual violence as a threat to security and an impediment to peacebuilding. 

  No one can read that report and remain unmoved. But, as many participants have asked me, what does it mean to appear in the Secretary-General’s report? I would 

  like to address that head-on by highlighting three key implications. First, the report, based on United Nations-verified information, is an instrument in the hands of political 

  leaders to help them track and address sexual violence that is linked with insecurity. It cites illustrative incidents that point to larger patterns. As the new monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements 

  mature, they will yield a deeper evidence base for action. Secondly, it does not highlight only horror stories. Such reports are a place to feature the stories of actions that have made a difference, such as enforcing 

  command responsibility and vetting perpetrators from the security forces. It is in the interests of every Government to ensure that the national uniform symbolizes professionalism, discipline and service, not 

  rape, pillage and terror.  The third point is that it provides a baseline for systematic engagement with parties to armed conflict, with the consent and partnership of Governments. Such 

  reports are vehicles for putting names to some of history’s complex horrors. The acts of sexual torture and terror recorded here are not inevitable by-products of war, but crimes committed by combatants and their 

  commanders. The fog of war does not absolve them of their responsibilities. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  In three days, we will commemorate the twentieth anniversary of atrocious crimes committed against the Azerbaijani civilians of the town of Khojaly, where during one night hundreds ofcivilians were killed only because they were Azerbaijanis. Not even women and children were spared by the invading troops. In its resolutions adopted in 1993 in response to the occupation of Azerbaijani territories, the Security Council referred specifically to violations of international humanitarian law and attacks on civilians. We are confident that consistent measures being taken at the national level, as well as the existing international legal framework, will serve to bring to justice those responsible for crimes in Khojaly and other grave offences committed during the occupation of Azerbaijan’s territories. It is incontrovertible today that no official or political status cloaks the person concerned with immunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community.  

  
  

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  Among the pressing issues requiring urgent action and attention is that of women taken hostage and reported missing in connection with armed conflict. We are continuing our efforts to address that disturbing phenomenon, including through the relevant biennial resolution of the General Assembly and the Commission on the Status of Women, of which Azerbaijan is a main sponsor. In that regard, I would like to recall that, inter alia, at its fifty-fourth session, the Commission called for the immediate release of women and children taken hostage in armed conflicts, including by strengthening international cooperation to that end. More resolute and
  targeted measures are required to end impunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including those committed against women in situations of armed conflict. Combating impunity is important not only for the purposes of prosecuting such crimes and bringing those responsible to justice, but also for ensuring sustainable peace, truth and reconciliation.  

  
  

• Brazil

  February 23, 2012

  Making real progress in our efforts against sexual violence in armed conflict requires greater emphasis on prevention and capacity-building. The only way to ensure that the progress achieved during the presence of a peacekeeping mission is sustainable is by working with national Governments to address their needs in the areas of institution-building, the training of personnel, supporting victims and strengthening the rule of law.

  We very much appreciate the work that has been done by the Team of Experts on Sexual Violence and the support it has been providing to Member States in strengthening their institutions. It is somewhat surprising that such crucial work is financed exclusively by voluntary contributions.

  Real change requires an integrated approach that combines prevention, the fight against impunity and support for victims. The United Nations needs to be prepared to support capacity-building and institutional strengthening as a system-wide priority if we want prevention to be effective and the scourge of sexual violence in armed conflict to be eliminated.

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  With regard to the defence sector, many administrative provisions have been adopted aimed at preventing and punishing abuse, such as Ministry of Defence Directive No. 11 of 2010, which is aimed at reasserting compliance by armed forces with regard to their obligation to prevent all forms of violence against women and children, specifically violent sexual acts, as well as Directive No. 7 of March 2011, on combating impunity.

  In order to strengthen the measures adopted in those instruments, coordinated work is being done with the United Nations, the High Adviser for Women’s Equality and other State bodies in order to define additional measures of prevention in accordance with experience gained on the ground and international standards.
   

  
  

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  February 23, 2012

  First, my delegation would like to underline the significance of ensuring accountability by eliminating impunity for sexual violence. That is key to fighting conflict-related sexual violence by showing the perpetrators that their acts are not cost-free. We welcome the fact that the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, established under resolution 1888 (2009), has been fully operational since May 2011. We would like to encourage the Team, in close collaboration with other United Nations entities, to further enhance its assistance to Governments in strengthening the capacity of their civilian and military justice systems and institutional safeguards against impunity.

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  We also welcome the establishment of a list of parties, annexed to the report of the Special Representative, pursuant to resolution 1960 (2010). This list should make it possible to improve communication of information on troubling situations. It is indeed a decisive step forward in combating impunity for the perpetrators of sexual violence, another imperative in our combat against this scourge. The perpetrators of such violence must be brought to justice and sentenced with all due severity. The Council has a crucial role to play in that regard, both by adopting targeted measures against perpetrators of gender-based violence in the context of the relevant sanctions committees and through its ability to refer situations to the International Criminal Court. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, we must accelerate our fight against impunity. Perpetrators have to be brought to justice. Bearing in mind the main responsibility of States to investigate and prosecute, the Security Council also has a role to play. We therefore welcome the inclusion in the Secretary General’s report, for the first time, of an annex listing parties which are credibly suspected of patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Naming and shaming is not an end in itself but should serve as a basis for targeted measures leading to an end of these terrible crimes. The ICC and international monitoring mechanisms have also done important work in this regard and should be further strengthened. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We recognize that the mandate of combating sexual violence in situations of conflict is a very complex one. When these crimes are perpetrated in a massive and systematic way against women and girls by armed groups, they have the aim, among other aspects, to punish, humiliate and destroy the fabric of society. Moreover, very often this widespread violence includes discriminatory attitudes, sheltered by a culture of impunity. Among many other aspects, they constitute grotesque violations of human rights, with grave consequences for individuals, families and societies. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We agree to a large extent with the specific recommendation of the Secretary General. We must bring greater pressure to bear against those responsible for acts of sexual violence in armed conflict. In this regard, we support the list of parties, and even individuals, that are credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Security Council agenda. We also feel that the Council should systematically reflect the sexual violence in armed conflicts in authorizations and renewals of the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions of the United Nations.  

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  It is a matter of deep regret that the international community must repeatedly debate the issue of sexual and other forms of violence against women and girls in situations of armed conflict. That abhorrent behaviour, whether perpetrated by the parties to the armed conflict or by others, must be unequivocally, unambiguously and resolutely condemned. There should be no tolerance for gender-based violence. All such cases must be investigated and the perpetrators prosecuted. Some argue that human rights law and international humanitarian law do not offer enough protection to women and children. Such postulation is a bit extreme. Women’s rights and needs have received the attention they deserve in the codification of international law. The challenge is the effective implementation of the laws and the availability of adequate resources for capacity-building wherever required. That alone will ensure the real impact of our 

  efforts on the ground. By definition, it is States that are parties to the treaty-based system of international law. By and large, they respect them, and when they do not, penalties arise under provisions of the relevant treaties. However, the most egregious crimes against women in times of conflict have been and are being committed by non-State actors, often warring against Governments. They obey no laws and, as experience has shown throughout the past decade, are immune to coercive or punitive measures. The Council therefore needs to consider, in practical terms, how non-State actors, who are responsible for the bulk of the crimes that continue to be committed against women, can be effectively tackled. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  India will continue to contribute positively to United Nations efforts in protecting vulnerable sectors of the population, particularly women and children, in conflict and post-conflict societies. I would also like to emphasize that the international community needs to enhance cooperation by providing new and additional financial resources, sharing experiences and building capacity in the areas of justice and the rule of law. The women and children in our lives ensure our future. They must live in security. While there is much talk of the need to safeguard the interests of women and children, there is less talk of cooperative efforts to ensure sustained economic growth, which alone can eradicate the poverty and deprivation that cause their exclusion. Several studies point out that most of the global poor are women. Globalization has affected both men and women, but women bear the double burden of inequality and marginalization. Empowering them is therefore both crucial and urgent. In considering the role of women in peace and security, the Council, I am certain, will bear in mind  the wider perspective of women’s empowerment, development and peace. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) in December 2010 was one element of a series of initiatives aimed at bolstering the existing legal toolkit for tackling conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established under that resolution should allow for the collection of objective, reliable and credible data on acts of sexual violence. We would also like to see these arrangements serve as a basis for comprehensive strategies to counter sexual violence by strengthening preventive measures, improving medical and psychological support services, and ensuring access to justice for victims.  My delegation would also like to commend the efforts made by the Council to combat sexual violence, in particular with respect to the preparation of the terms of reference for women’s protection advisers, in cooperation with the Department of Political Affairs, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. 

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General also takes stock of situations of sexual violence in several regions of the world and of the measures taken by the parties in conflict to put an end to those acts by identifying those responsible, combating impunity of the perpetrators and masterminds, and making available medical, psychological and social assistance for victims and their families. While it is the responsibility of the parties to a conflict to put an end to the grave consequences of sexual violence during conflict for women and girls, coordinated and sustained action by the United Nations, through its various organs, agencies and specialized and programmes, is crucial to progress in existing initiatives. The Kingdom of Morocco is convinced that the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions on conflict-related sexual violence also requires improved coordination among the various national and international  actors involved in the combat against sexual violence, as well as a more resolute and sustained commitment on the part of the United Nations in the area of technical assistance and capacity-building. The international community must stand shoulder to shoulder and act in a spirit of solidarity in guaranteeing women who have fallen victim to sexual violence the right to make their voices heard and to express their suffering, bearing in mind our obligation to listen to them, protect them and to ensure that such crimes never again go unpunished.  

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Indeed, a Council that is better informed is also in a better position to take effective action. With sufficient information, the Council will be able to take preventive steps in a timely manner. But the Councilnow will also need to take action with regard to those parties listed in the annex of the Secretary-General’s report, which are, and I quote, “credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape andother forms of sexual violence”. The Council has already passed a clear message to assure the perpetuators of sexual violence that the Council adopts sanctions against perpetrators who have been identified or who are credibly suspected of committing sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on its agenda. The Council should be consistent and reinforce that message concerning other individuals in similar circumstances. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Impunity is simply not acceptable. The work carried out by the Special Representative and, ultimately, by this Council during the past few years is making a real difference in many parts of the world, especially for women and girls, but also for men and boys. As we have heard, Governments have recently prosecuted senior officers of their armed forces for crimes of sexual violence, and leaders of parties in armed conflict have been arrested and transferred to the International Criminal Court. These actions send a powerful signal to the victims of sexual violence that no military or political leader is above the law. This political message needs to be constantly underlined by the United Nations, and by this Council in particular.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Before concluding, let me mention that we regret that we have not yet been able to agree on the presidential statement on this important debate. But we trust that, with the cooperation of all, we will be able to achieve this shortly. I conclude with a word for the victims and the survivors of sexual violence. They are at the centre of our debates. Let us not forget them and the fact that beyond bringing perpetrators to justice, the international community also needs to afford care and reparation to the victims. 

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has done an outstanding job over the past few years to comprehensively address the challenge of conflict-related sexual violence by adopting landmark resolutions aimed at eradicating it. South Africa welcomes the progress that has been made so far in the preparations of the terms of reference for women protection advisers, and we look forward to their early deployment. We are mindful of the limitations that continue to pose a challenge to the reporting of incidents of sexual violence in conflict stricken areas. It is our hope that the countries mentioned in the report will do everything in their power to address all the challenges identified, including bringing the perpetrators to justice and reparations for the victims. South Africa is concerned that African countries continue to constitute the majority of countries where there is an increasing prevalence of conflict-related sexual violence. We are appalled that the incidents of rape and gang rape increased in the recent conflict that struck Côte d’Ivoire. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, rape, mass rapes and other sexual violence continue unabated in North and South Kivu. That is a matter of great concern to South Africa.

  We welcome and fully support the establishment by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) of prosecution support cells to boost the capacity of the Congolese justice system in the investigation of war crimes, crimes against humanity and sexual violence. We hope that all those initiatives will help to bring all the perpetrators to justice and end the culture of impunity.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  South Africa supports the recommendations of the Secretary-General that the Security Council increase pressure on the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, that it utilize all means at its disposal, and that, in this matter, it fully support the use of referrals to the International Criminal Court. For us, there is no gainsaying the fact that the International Criminal Court has strengthened the fight against impunity for the most serious crimes of international concern against women and girls. We continue to stand ready to work with other members of the Council and the United Nations in general to enhance efforts against impunity and to ensure that perpetrators are held accountable. The perpetrators of these evil acts should no longer be allowed to remain in uniform, roam the streets, sit at negotiating tables, continue to occupy positions of authority or command armed forces.  

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  In addition to those measures, which are aimed at preventing violence against women in conflict, my country reiterates the urgent need to put an end to impunity if we are to ensure that every society in the thrall of conflict, wherever it may be, draws lessons from the atrocities committed against civilians and prevents such atrocities from being repeated. In that regard, Togo welcomes the steps taken by the Secretary-General to ensure that the zero-tolerance policy regarding exploitation and sexual violence in United Nations peacekeeping operations, in conformity with paragraph 7 of resolution 1820 (2008), does not remain an empty term. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  To combat and especially to deter the perpetration of such acts, Togo believes that the countries concerned must build an arsenal of justice, such as national or hybrid criminal courts and tribunals, turning, if necessary to the International Criminal Court, with scrupulous respect for the principle of complementarity, which maintains the primacy of national jurisdictions.

  My country also believes that the affected countries could resort to extrajudicial mechanisms and methods of reconciliation, that is, to truth, justice and reconciliation commissions and roundtables. These mechanisms can help not only to solidify the principle of the individual responsibility of perpetrators of serious crimes, but also to promote peace, truth, reconciliation and the rights of victims.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  It is important that this Council takes into account information on conflict-related sexual violence when considering post-conflict situations and other situations of concern. However, conflict related sexual violence is not confined to countries on the Security Council agenda as we see incidents or patterns occur in other settings. The SRSG must be able to address conflict related sexual violence wherever a pattern or trend exists as an early warning sign of conflict. These crimes must be reported, addressed and punished and the survivors must be treated with dignity throughout the reporting process. We recognize the good work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law. They support member states to strengthen the rule of law as well as institutional safeguards against impunity, by working with them to improve rule of law processes and ensuring that those committing sexual violence are brought to justice. It is not until impunity has been combated that the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence are brought to account, that justice will have been done. All parties to conflict must learn that it is the perpetrator and not the survivor who will pay the price. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence demonstrates the importance of having a Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. In just the past year, she was able, together with the Team of Experts, to assemble the evidence available in the report, and to begin to address some of the horrors it describes. From the beginning, the United States has supported the Special Representative and the Team of Experts, both 

  in advocating their mandates and financing their work. It is time and money well spent.  The Special Representative has, first of all, gathered facts. We now know how rape was used to humiliate and punish during the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. We know now that 625 cases of sexual violence by warring parties were recorded by the United Nations from December 2010 to November 2011 in the North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale 

  provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We have before us figures, dates, names of perpetrators and perpetrating forces in those countries, as well as in Burma, Somalia, the Sudan and South Sudan. We also now have information, sometimes very extensive information, about sexual violence perpetrated in post-conflict situations and situations of civil unrest, in the Central African Republic, Syria, Guinea, Nepal and elsewhere.  The Special Representative and the Team of Experts have demonstrated the extent of the problem. Their work is also increasing awareness of the issue and encouraging best practices. In the reporting period, more than 150 people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from various types of security forces, were sentenced after trial to punishment for crimes of sexual violence. A total of 9,534 Congolese survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces, including at least 1,700 children, received medical and psychosocial support. Congolese officers in two conflict-affected provinces are now receiving training from the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), to train their own soldiers on how to prevent sexual violence and deal properly with witnesses and victims. Those training modules will become the national standard for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

   In Côte d’Ivoire, the Special Representative received a commitment from the President of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that reparations for victims of sexual violence would be part of the Commission’s mandate. In Liberia and South Sudan, the Team of Experts has worked with national justice sectors on sentencing guidelines, the training of police, constitution-drafting and a host of other initiatives.  That is what the Office of the Special Representative is for. The Security Council’s mandate is clear and the Special Representative has been forthright in carrying it out. She deserves our strong support.  The problem, unfortunately, remains vast. We have only begun. Impunity is still alarmingly common. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sheka Ntabo Ntaberi ran as a candidate for office even as a warrant was out for his arrest for sexual violence. In Guinea, as detailed in the Secretary-General’s report, two men connected to the violence of September 2009, which included sexual violence, have since been given high Government positions. Such impunity should not be tolerated. Apart from keeping a sharp focus on ending impunity, we need to build our institutional capacity for early warning. We applaud the efforts of the Special Representative, of United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, and of UN-Women to develop an early warning framework.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  Afghanistan adopted a law on the elimination of violence against women, which has provided the Government with stronger judicial means through which we can combat sexual violence more effectively. That is real progress towards breaking the silence with regard to violence and sexual violence. We are confident that, in the years to come, our efforts will yield more results and that women will be safer and more respected and will receive the justice that they deserve.

  The President of Afghanistan also established a commission on the elimination of sexual abuse of children and women. The commission advises relevant organizations on how to fight against the sexual abuse of women and children and encourages relevant reporting to it.

  Afghanistan acknowledges that the accomplishments that we have outlined are only the first steps towards achieving gender equality and the improvement of the position of women. The Afghan Government will therefore continue its effort to eliminate sexual violence and to advance women’s rights and empowerment. In that regard, the Government of Afghanistan welcomes resolutions 1325 (2000), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009), which identify combating sexual violence as a matter of peace and security.

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s debate addresses an urgent matter. More and more, we are witnessing a disturbing trend in the use of sexual violence as a political and military tool, the effects of which are grave and long lasting, often alienating entire communities. Although conflict related sexual violence is not a women’s issue, it is a known fact that a disproportionate number of victims of such violence are women and girls. Sexual violence affects all aspects of women’s lives, compromising their wellbeing, security and basic human rights. It further exacerbates the inequities that women face and, in so doing, it threatens peace, security, development and post-conflict peacebuilding efforts. As such, addressing sexual violence demands a multilayered approach and requires involvement on the international, regional and national levels. We must identify the crime and bring those responsible to justice. 

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  During the past decade, particular attention has been paid to addressing some of the specific crimes experienced by women and girls during armed conflicts, namely, rape, trafficking, enforced prostitution and enslavement. It is critical to ensure accountability for past and present crimes, and to not grant immunity to perpetrators. Otherwise, we would be providing amnesty for future crimes. In that regard, Armenia is encouraged by the report of the Secretary-General, which for the first time includes an annex that lists the parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on the Council’s agenda. Such reporting and systematic data collection are critical, because crimes of sexual violence remain underreported due to stigmatization and fear of reprisals. We hope that such measures will promote accountability and that they will provide timely and reliable analyses based on which the Security Council can carry out its responsibility to protect civilians from conflict-related sexual violence. We cannot address sexual violence, however, by simply naming and punishing offenders. More fundamental changes are needed on institutional and societal levels as well.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We know that conflict situations are usually characterized by the breakdown of law and order. The impunity that can prevail in such situations has a particularly devastating impact on the victims of sexual violence. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence is critical to changing behaviours. The increased engagement of the Council with the parties listed in the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) is an important element in developing such cultures of accountability, as is the consideration by sanctions committees of targeted and graduated measures against persistent perpetrators of violence. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Security sector reform must address conflict related sexual violence. The development of human rights training tools for security officials will help to extend these efforts to detention and interrogation facilities, which are often beyond the reach of peacekeeping missions. Australia is also pleased to be working with the Department of Political Affairs and UN-Women to support women’s engagement in decision-making on security sector reform.

  Separately, we have supported the development of a victim management programme for Pacific police, and developed police manuals on gender-based violence in Timor-Leste. The Australian Federal Police is also formulating a police development strategy and toolkit that include a focus on gender and conflict related issues, which will assist our police who are working with international partners to address conflict related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My third and final comment relates to situations in some particular countries. The Special Representative has visited the Democratic Republic of the Congo several times to discuss with top Government officials the issue of sexual violence, often committed by military personnel. Belgium was among the first to provide financial support for the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s national strategy to combat sexual violence. We also provided financial support to the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo for military judges to assist with the prosecution of soldiers accused of sexual violence in the eastern part of the country. Belgium intends to remain engaged in this project, in consultation with the Special Representative and with national authorities.  

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  While recognizing that national justice systems may be significantly weakened in conflict and post conflict situations, we realize that inaction could send a wrong message, namely, that sexual violence is tolerated. We therefore call upon all concerned to refrain from such human rights abuses, and instead to promote respect for international humanitarian law and non-violent forms of conflict resolution, and to cultivate a culture of peace.

  The importance of demonstrating our commitment and political will to prevent sexual violence, combat impunity and enforce accountability by prosecuting those responsible for perpetrating such crimes against civilians cannot be overemphasized. In addition, we wish to stress the importance for States, with the support of the international community, of strengthening efforts to implement the policy of zero tolerance for sexual violence, and to increase access to health care, psychological support, legal assistance and socio-economic reintegration services for victims of sexual violence, in particular in rural areas, taking into account the specific needs of women and children, including those with disabilities.
   

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada strongly supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to prevent and respond to conflict-related sexual violence, including rape as a weapon of war. In this regard, Canada calls on the Council to ensure the implementation of increased accountability measures for these crimes, including monitoring and reporting arrangements and holding those responsible for sexual violence to account. It is also important to give consideration to the health, safety and dignity of survivors.

  Canada welcomes the inclusion of the list of perpetrators of acts of sexual violence in the annex to the Secretary-General’s report. My country calls on the Security Council to increase pressure on States to hold perpetrators of sexual violence to account. Canada also calls on the Security Council to ensure that its sanctions committees adopt criteria pertaining to acts of sexual violence such as rape as a weapon of war, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization or other forms of sexual violence of comparable gravity.
   

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  We strongly support the mandate of the Special Representative, including the requirement to provide periodic statements as important updates on the state of sexual violence in conflicts around the world. Special Representative Wallström has been an important advocate for the fight against conflict-related sexual violence, and we especially appreciate her focus on the accountability dimension.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  Sexual violence can be a crime of international concern, especially if it is part of a widespread or systematic campaign and can therefore constitute a war crime, a crime against humanity or even an act of genocide. The need to ensure accountability for such crimes is self-evident.
  
  International tribunals have long been at the forefront of the fight against impunity for such crimes. The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, for example, recognized rape as an act of genocide for the first time in history in 1998. The Rome Statute, adopted earlier that very year, represented a tremendous step forward by incorporating, for the first time and explicitly in an international legal framework, sexual violence such as rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution and forced pregnancy. It did so in a way that makes their prosecution a practical possibility. The importance of implementing those provisions is further illustrated by the obligation of the Prosecutor to take into account the nature of a crime, in particular where it involves sexual violence, gender violence or violence against children.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  In the brief history of the Court, the Office of the Prosecutor has brought charges for sexual violence against 13 of the 27 individuals for whom he has requested warrants of arrest or summonses to appear, charging sexual violence as a war crime, a crime against humanity and an act of genocide. Indeed, as International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor-Elect Fatou Bensouda has stated, the most striking quality of the pursuit of gender crimes by the Court to date has been their centrality to every prosecution so far. While the Court cannot deal with all instances of sexual violence, it has nevertheless proven itself to be a powerful tool for bringing those responsible for the gravest such crimes to justice.

  The nexus between the United Nations and the ICC in the fight against sexual violence is very clear. The Court is active in six of the situations highlighted in the Secretary-General’s report, whether through preliminary examinations, investigations or prosecutions. However, the Rome Statute limits the Court’s reach to its States parties, and to crimes committed after 1 July 2002. Crimes falling outside those two criteria are the specific responsibility of the States concerned and, where necessary, of the Security Council, for, as the preamble to the Rome Statute reminds us, grave crimes threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world. The Council has also recognized conflict-related sexual violence as a threat to international peace and security, condemning its use as a tactic of war.
   

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  It is incumbent on the Council to react effectively to acts of sexual violence when it is likely that they amount to the most serious crimes under international law. Council action should be based on credible reports, including those of the Secretary-General. The use of accountability mechanisms, including referrals to the International Criminal Court and the use of targeted sanctions against those responsible for rape and other forms of sexual violence, in accordance with resolution 1960 (2010), are but two of the tools available. It would be remiss of the Council not to make use of such tools if the circumstances so demand.  

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  When discussing sexual violence, let us not forget the burden borne by victims. Under the Rome Statue, victims of crime have the opportunity to participate in proceedings before the Court. Victims of sexual violence also require targeted assistance of the sort rendered by the Trust Fund for Victims established by the Statute. To name but one example, a project in the Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo provides education, day care and basic health-care services to 67 girls who had been abducted by the armed forces and had borne children while in captivity. Whether through multilateral or bilateral development cooperation, it is important that donors remember the special needs of the victims of sexual violence.

  Women are the largest group of victims of sexual violence, which is why the fight against impunity must be complemented by efforts to empower women to become actors in peace and security. For this reason, Estonia attaches great importance to implementing and further developing resolution 1325 (2000) and its follow-on resolutions in order to strengthen the role of women in conflict prevention, settlement and peacebuilding.
   

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   It is crucial to sustained peace and development that we address impunity for sexual violence. It is the duty of all States to investigate and prosecute those crimes. We commend the efforts of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law, including their support to countries in ending impunity — for example, through assistance to prosecution support cells established by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the deployment of female magistrates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We also encourage the Council to use all means at its disposal to end impunity for sexual violence in conflict, including through referrals to International Criminal Court, mandating commissions of inquiry and by explicitly condemning such violations.

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  We are informed by the Secretary-General’s report that over the past year, there have been several new and ongoing armed conflicts in which sexual violence has been widespread, with civilian populations being systematically targeted. What is even more disturbing is the fact that most perpetrators remain at large. Indonesia finds this unfortunate situation unacceptable. All action must therefore be directed at eliminating the conditions that give rise to and sustain such behaviour.

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The first is a case study on ending impunity. We all recognize the simple equation: impunity for perpetrators of sexual violence guarantees that the virus will spread; conversely, ending impunity and making the perpetrators pay will act as a deterrent.

  The first step in ending impunity is the systematic gathering of credible evidence. The Secretary- General’s report gives a sense of the progress being made in that regard. For the first time in a report of this nature, the Secretary-General has named individuals on the basis of credible reports of culpability.

  In the commentary on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for example, one finds the names of 10 or so individuals. That specificity of data will enable us to measure outcomes. When we next come back to this issue, it will be important to focus on precisely what has happened in those cases. What steps have the national authorities taken? What have we at the United Nations been able, or willing, to do?

  The possibility of measuring outcomes will apply not just in the case of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but also in relation to the list of parties set out in annex 1 to the Secretary-General’s report.

  The report includes clear recommendations to the Security Council on increasing pressure on perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence. We look to the Council to show determination in its response. Too many recent headlines from the Security Council have been ones of disunity. On the issue of sexual violence in conflict, the Council has the opportunity to assert itself, to demonstrate that disunity does not define it, and to act decisively to sanction perpetrators, to refer cases to the International Criminal Court, to mandate commissions of inquiry and to condemn violations explicitly in resolutions and statements.

  
  

• Israel

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s discussion is about our collective responsibility to give voice to the voiceless. An increasing number of conflicts around the world are made even more horrific by the use of sexual violence. These are often the most disturbing and the most hidden elements of conflict. Yet, the number of victims is staggering, and it continues to grow every day. Each one of these people has a name and has a family.

  The victims are women like Honorata, a young mother from the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who was held for nearly a year by armed militias and raped daily in captivity. After Honorata escaped, the stigma of her rape caused her family to reject her, leaving her alone and impoverished.

  The victims are women like Layla, a teenager from Iran who was detained for two months during the country’s protests in 2009. In a report last year on the PBS television channel, Layla described her treatment by the Iranian authorities. She said, “When they were raping and torturing me, and putting out cigarettes on my body, nobody knew… Death was a desire for me. I wanted to die”.

  Testimonies like Layla’s remind us that the systematic use of sexual violence is often the calling card of the most brutal regimes and militias in the world. State-sponsored rape has served as a primary tool of dictators from Al-Qadhafi in Libya, Al-Assad in Syria to the ayatollahs of Iran. Armed groups in Africa — from the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Somalia — are using sexual violence to spread terror, instil fear and shatter lives. These tyrants, those warlords and criminals know that they leave scars not just on individual victims, but on families and communities.
   

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  
  As we have stated on previous occasions before this body, we cannot expect to eradicate sexual violence if we do not ensure that those who are responsible are systematically brought to justice. The message must be clear — sexual violence is not costfree. We welcome therefore the inclusion in the report of a list of parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence. The list must become a basis for a more active engagement of the Council towards perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, including taking measures through the relevant sanctions committees, referring them to the International Criminal Court and mandating international commissions of inquiry.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

  We also appreciate that, for the first time, the report lists parties that are
  credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and
  other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, as per the
  Security Council agenda. Japan strongly condemns the parties listed and calls
  on them to make specific, time-bound commitments to ceasing acts of sexual
  violence and bringing perpetrators to justice. If they fail to do so, the Security
  Council must respond with appropriate measures, including targeted measures, to
  hold those parties accountable.

  
  In that regard, we commend the fact that the Committee established
  pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  decided last December to add Ntabo Ntaberi Cheka, a militia leader responsible
  for mass rape, to the sanctions list. We are also encouraged to hear that earlier
  this month the Guinean court filed charges against Lieutenant Colonel Moussa
  Tiegboro Camara for the mass rape committed in Conakry in 2009.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Preventive diplomacy as an intervention must be undertaken expediently to protect potential victims and to nip any kind of possible impunity in the bud. The Council has previously recognized a critical link between security issues and socio-economic concerns such as poverty, disease and environmental degradation. We believe that countries must systematically integrate and mainstream women specific issues in all action plans in order to tackle the growing problem of sexual and gender-based violence during conflict and even in peacetime. The need to mainstream a gender perspective into peacekeeping and peacebuilding initiatives cannot be overemphasized. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Following the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, the Government set out an ambitious plan to put in place a new Constitution and build and strengthen institutions of governance that would be accountable to and responsive to the needs of its citizens. In clear recognition that all human development and human rights issues, including peace and security, have gender dimensions, Kenya has made great advances in mainstreaming gender in its institutions of governance. Indeed, arguably, such advances have not been made by any country in such a short period of time and during peacetime.

  The judiciary is now fiercely independent; the investigation and prosecution branches have been revamped. A new Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission has been established to better manage elections. Other institutions, such as the National Cohesion and Integration Commission and the Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution, have also been established and are currently monitoring the pace and quality of reforms, including the enactment of necessary legislation to avert any recurrence of events similar to those of 2007.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The main thrust of resolution 1960 (2010) is the creation of an accountability system listing those parties credibly suspected of committing or responsible for patterns of sexual violence. Needless to say, there are no ongoing patterns of sexual violence in Kenya today, and none of the activities reported concerning Kenya took place during the current reporting period of 2010-2011. The post-election violence of January 2008 is therefore way outside the mandated reporting period. Additionally, Kenya’s report has been lumped together with another situation with which there is no correlation. This is not to say that Kenya has not taken any action to redress the situation described in the report. Indeed, the Attorney General and the Chief Justice, both newly appointed, have been holding consultations on how best to deal with these cases. 

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  Sexual violence is used not only as a method of warfare during armed conflict, but also as a means to surreptitiously continue conflict after the guns have fallen silent. Sexual violence can be an important indicator in determining when conflicts might turn violent or when a conflict relapses into violence. To fulfil its mandate towards conflict prevention, it is therefore imperative that the Council continue to receive information on sexual violence, including on situations of concern that are not on its agenda.

  Sexual violence not only attacks the dignity and the body of the victim, but also tears at the fundamental social fabric of the community. To build sustainable peace, sexual violence must be addressed throughout all stages of conflict resolution processes, starting with ceasefire agreements and the presence of adequate gender expertise at the peace table. When provisions on sexual violence are not part of ceasefire agreements, such violence can be used, in effect, to continue acts of war, thereby undermining efforts to reduce violence and leading to a cycle of vengeance.

  Moreover, research shows that when sexual violence is not addressed in the early stages of mediation efforts, the issue is likely to be ignored throughout later efforts to create and maintain peace. Hence, we welcome the work of the Department of Political Affairs to produce guidance for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in mediation processes and throughout conflict resolution efforts.  

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has significantly advanced international law by including sexual violence in the definition of crimes, in particular, as a crime against humanity. The ICC therefore represents an important mechanism in the fight against conflict-related sexual violence. We call on the Council to use all means at its disposal to strengthen the fight against impunity for those violations by making better use of targeted measures, including sanctions and referrals to the ICC. In addition to collecting information on trends and perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, we must simultaneously ensure that support services for victims are sufficiently funded.  

  
  

• Liechtenstein

  February 23, 2012

  My delegation has therefore pledged to continue its financial support for the ICC Trust Fund for Victims, which adopts a gender-based perspective across all programmes and specifically aims to assist victims of all forms of sexual and gender-based violence. The Trust Fund provides direct assistance to victims, and thus has an immediate impact on the ground.

  As a member of the group of five small States, my delegation is a long-standing supporter of the consistent mainstreaming of the Council’s thematic agenda into its country-specific work. To support the Council’s efforts in mainstreaming its thematic agenda on women, peace and security, my delegation organized a workshop, from 28 to 30 January in Schaan, Liechtenstein, hosted by Foreign Minister Aurelia Frick, on the implementation of the women, peace and security agenda in Afghanistan. The workshop was organized in close partnership with the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton University, and was supported by the delegations of Afghanistan and Germany.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General (S/2012/33) illustrates in a most alarming way how impunity linked to human rights abuses of the past, in particular acts of sexual violence perpetrated in armed conflict, is a major factor undermining early recovery and peace consolidation, and frequently allows sexual violence to persist. In that context, it is particularly disturbing, as the report indicates and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict also noted today, that in many countries the alleged perpetrators of sexual violence are not prosecuted for their acts, but are often promoted or appointed to senior Government positions in national institutions. The impunity of such high-ranking officers is unacceptable and prevents communities emerging from conflict to recover sustainably.

  I echo the Secretary-General’s call on the Security Council to employ all means at its disposal to fight conflict-related sexual violence, including the use of referrals to the International Criminal Court, and to increase pressure on the perpetrators of sexual violence through the adoption of targeted and graduated measures by relevant sanctions committees. The fight against impunity is also of major importance to the prevention of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  allow me to highlight a positive development that has taken place since the publication of the Secretary-General’s report. It was referred to today by the Special Representative, and I particularly value it in my capacity as Chair of the Guinea country specific configuration of the Peacebuilding Commission. I am referring to the indictment under Guinean justice of Lieutenant Colonel Moussa Tiegboro Camara, who is suspected of being one of the main persons responsible for the violence that occurred, including mass rape, in the Conakry stadium on 28 September 2009. This is an important step in the right direction. 

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  One of the main challenges confronting the international community with regard to sexual violence in armed conflicts is to bring those responsible to justice in order to put an end to the culture of impunity. To that end, the Security Council must take robust measures against all those who are involved in committing those deplorable acts, in a manner consistent with international law. Given the scope and the impact of this type of crime, the Security Council must use every measure available to it, such as the adoption of sanctions targeting those who are responsible.

  Likewise, as mentioned by the Secretary-General in his report (S/2012/33), the Security Council has the capacity to refer cases to the International Criminal Court and to mandate international investigation commissions.

  
  

• Mexico

  February 23, 2012

  We support the recommendation of the Secretary General that sexual violence be included in the definition of acts that are prohibited under ceasefire agreements and peace and reconciliation processes. To date, only a few such agreements address this issue. If it is not addressed in an integrated way, there is a risk that sexual violence will continue to be used as a weapon of war.

  At the national level, we must have effective national legislative frameworks that prevent sexual violence, eradicate impunity and provide for educational and awareness-raising programmes to prevent the stigmatization of victims. As we all know, this is one of the root causes of impunity.

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General contained in document S/2012/33 gives the impression that no action has been taken against perpetrators of sexual violence in Nepal. That is not corroborated by facts on the ground. Perpetrators of sexual violence have been punished by the judiciary. Although there are some individual cases, let me also make it clear that sexual violence was never used as a policy of coercion by either of the parties during the conflict in Nepal.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  The fight against impunity for all forms of gender violence is essential to peace building processes. It is S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 12-23937 25 therefore necessary that States strengthen their judicial systems so that such cases can be duly and promptly brought to trial, including, whenever possible, women in those systems. It will also be important in that respect to continue to promote the ratification of the Statute of the International Criminal Court.

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  Sensitive to the vulnerabilities of women in postconflict situations, the protection of war-affected women and children is a priority for the Government of Sri Lanka. Every effort is being made to ensure that their lives are returned to normalcy, as far as possible and as speedily as possible. Although resource constrained, Sri Lanka has set up special women’s protection units with female police officers and women’s centres in the camps for internally displaced persons, and is continuing to provide psychosocial counselling services in the formerly conflict-affected north and east. Many women in those areas were psychologically devastated by the conflict and the attendant terrorism that lasted over 27 years. With the end of the 30-year struggle against terrorism in May 2009, Sri Lanka has now entered a post-conflict phase that is challenged by many issues. They include resettlement, rebuilding livelihoods, the rehabilitation and reconstruction of dilapidated infrastructure, and bringing normalcy to the conflict affected areas. Many of the economic rehabilitation activities implemented in the north and the east have women at the centre. a

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  In addition, as an incremental step to enhance the mechanisms to safeguard the rights of women that are already in place in Sri Lanka, the Government has developed a national action plan for the promotion and protection of human rights, which has been approved by the Cabinet of Ministers. The national action plan contains a specific section dedicated to the rights of women, covering a plethora of issues. The priority area on women in this new mechanism focuses on enhancing and strengthening the rights of women through proactive measures. Currently, the national action plan is at the implementation stage. It characterizes the Government’s commitment to promoting and protecting human rights, especially those relating to women. In addition, His Excellency President Mahinda Rajapaksa appointed the Commission of Inquiry on Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation in May 2011, which heard testimony in many parts of the island, especially in the former conflict-affected areas. The Commission submitted its report in November 2011 and, subsequently, it was introduced in Parliament on 16 December 2011. It is now a public document. The report offers detailed observations and recommendations on international humanitarian law issues and on grievances, in particular those of women, relating to the final phase of the conflict.

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  While the Government will continue to adopt social, economic and security measures relating to women and children, which also have relevance to the Commission’s findings, courses of action will also be taken in response to the Commission’s recommendations. The Government finds the Commission’s suggestions regarding institutional mechanisms to deal with land documentation and user right issues to be valuable, as the resolution of competing equities of land titles in the former conflict affected areas is strikingly complex.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  Last month, there was another positive development with the Sudan’s establishment of its national human rights commission. A woman with more than 30 years of judicial experience was appointed commissioner. A special court was also established in Darfur. A prosecutor general was appointed to examine all alleged violations perpetrated in Darfur since 2003, including violence against women. That is also an concrete, positive development. All of the perpetrators of violence against women will be brought to justice in fair trials, and will be punished accordingly.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased that Special Representative Wallström has been able to address the Council in country-specific meetings throughout her mandate when new information emerged. That type of interaction can allow preventive action to be taken in reasonable time. Timely, analytical and verified information allows a better response at all levels. National Governments and local civil society organizations can more accurately plan and establish effective early warning tools, response and protection mechanisms, as well as services for survivors. United Nations actors and international non-governmental organizations that support them can respond quicker and better.

  
  The Security Council can take targeted and consistent action against perpetrators to fight impunity, increase compliance with international law and, ultimately, prevent such crimes from happening in the first place. We encourage the Council to explore ways by which it could enhance and systematize the consideration of information on serious violations being brought to it, as well as to use all possible tools at its disposal to respond.

   

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  In order to incorporate those important aspects in the preparations for peacekeeping missions, all Nordic military and police personnel receive training on resolution 1325 (2000). A joint Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations was established last month in Stockholm. The aim of the Centre is to raise the countries’ competence in gender issues within planning, execution and evaluation in military operations. The Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations will act as a hub for information, knowledge and experiences. The Centre will continuously support and cooperate with the United Nations, the European Union, NATO and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and other relevant actors. On this note, we particularly welcome the Department of Peacekeeping Operations continuing work on training, as addressed by UnderSecretary-General Ladsous earlier today.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  There should never be impunity for sexual violence. We are pleased that the Council has demonstrated increasing willingness to use commissions of inquiry and referrals to the International Criminal Court. International inquiries and high-profile trials serve an important function but, as I mentioned a moment ago, national-level legal and justice sector reforms are at least as important to combat impunity and prevent and deter sexual violence in the long term. The Nordic countries commend the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law for having in a short time developed a focused way to support Governments in this area. Elsewhere innovative practices such as mobile courts are being used to bring justice closer to the survivors and communities, serving a double function of justice and confidence building. Enhanced access to justice should also be accompanied by enhanced reparations for victims. Innovative measures such as community reparations and the creation of economic and educational opportunities should be explored more widely.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  Convinced of the urgent need to put an end to impunity for such heinous acts, Tunisia, which acceded to the Rome Statute recently, a few months after the revolution, believes that it is crucial to further promote international cooperation and assistance so as to strengthen, inter alia, the capacities of Governments to develop national early-warning systems aimed at preventing an escalation of violence against women. It is also imperative that they investigate and prosecute the perpetrators of such acts, in accordance with the responsibilities incumbent upon them by virtue of their accession to international human rights and humanitarian law instruments.

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In 2011, the Office of Special Representative Wallström and United Nations Action developed guidelines on the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. The human rights structures in our 

  peacekeeping operations direct monitoring and verification, in close collaboration with other mission components and the members of the United Nations country team. 

  While the arrangements are not an end in themselves, they should contribute towards a better prevention and programming policy response. There remain challenges that we are trying to address: 

  mobilizing capacities to implement the arrangements; ensuring the presence of uniformed women in affected areas to reach out to women and girls; and addressing inadequate infrastructure and communications to gain 

  access to important regions to monitor and verify incidents. Ultimately, impunity, scarce services in rural areas and insecurity deter survivors from reporting the sexual violence to which they have been subjected. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The DPKO and the Department of Field Support stand ready to provide the necessary support to encourage Governments to institutionalize the prohibition and prevention of and accountability for 

  conflict-related sexual violence through the development of policies and national security sector training. We must recognize the close links between time-bound commitments and security sector 

  development. Meticulous and systematic assessments of armed groups must be part of any integration policy in national forces. 

  We are proud to be an active member of the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1888 (2009). 

  Accountability for sexual violence must be established to combat sexual discrimination and inequality. The reform of existing legislation, access to a functional justice system and witness protection programmes are 

  fundamental. Political will is also essential to ensure that perpetrators of international human rights and humanitarian law violations, including sexual violence, are tried and held accountable. The rule of law as a 

  whole must prevail, by means of security and judicial sectors, including correctional systems.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) has worked with civil society and women  in particular to ensure that the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur included 

  provisions for the Government of the Sudan to take the steps necessary to deliver effective and timely justice for serious human rights violations, including sexual violence, and to prevent amnesty in cases of crimes of 

  sexual violence. (spoke in English) Progress has also been made in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where MONUSCO supports civilian and military prosecutors in investigating allegations of conflict-related sexual violence. In 2010 and 2011, MONUSCO undertook more than 30 joint investigation team missions with magistrates and police officers to investigate cases of sexual violence. MONUSCO also supported the holding of trials, so as 

  to strengthen the military justice system, including through mobile court proceedings in remote areas. As a result, 217 judgments on sexual violence were delivered in 2011. MONUSCO and partners also 

  support 39 legal centres, which provide free legal assistance to survivors of sexual violence and to their families. In 2011 more than 2,200 survivors received assistance.   

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• Human Security Network

  February 23, 2012

  However, it is deeply disturbing that today we continue to witness rapes of women, girls and children in general, in countries in armed conflict but also in other situations, including post-conflict situations. We recognize the efforts made by some Governments to put an end to these crimes, to strengthen judicial systems and to bring those responsible to justice. However, as the Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) shows, progress remains slow, and in practice the perpetrators of crimes against women and girls often go unpunished.

  The Human Security Network therefore urges Member States to increase their efforts to prevent conflict-related sexual violence by undertaking all necessary efforts to implement all applicable legal provisions in the matter. The primary responsibility is theirs. But, at the same time, this constitutes a challenge for the international community as a whole, especially for regional and subregional organizations. Their role in supporting the efforts of those countries is crucial. The message must be clear; there shall be no impunity for the perpetrators of such crimes, and the countries affected and the international community will not rest until there is accountability and justice is done.

  The provision of genuine support, protection and the relevant services to the victims and their families is equally as important as rendering justice. In that context, the support given at the community level is vital. Projects that directly assist victims and their families to help them overcome the trauma inflicted upon them are of particularly great value.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  We appreciate the ongoing work of numerous actors to combat violence against women. That includes the efforts of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual 

  Violence in Conflict. We  welcome the analysis and recommendations contained in the latest SecretaryGeneral’s Report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence. As the report makes clear, sexual violence is 

  often used as a weapon to torture, terrorize and threaten peace. It is important to remember that each paragraph of the report represents human beings — women, men, children and communities affected by 

  that threat to peace and security. That includes individuals from my community who, like most victims, have not received and likely will not receive proper services, protection, acknowledgement, justice 

  or accountability. This represents a collective failure of the international community to effectively respond to the threat. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, when prevention efforts fail, survivors must be the priority of all service provision and protection. The survivor-centric approach must encompass the provision of medical, psychological, 

  legal and other services to survivors, as well as effective avenues for reparations and redress. We support the recommendations in the SecretaryGeneral’s report in that regard, and we strongly call on 

  all actors to make that a reality. Service and protection strategies must be designed in full consultation with women and affected communities. Particular attention must be paid to the rights and concerns of women and 

  girls, who are often at increased risk in displacement settings, as the current report notes in many cases, including Somalia, Darfur in the Sudan, and Sri Lanka. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, survivors demand nothing less than justice and an end to impunity. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence must be included at every stage, from ceasefire agreements to all aspects of 

  post-conflict reconstruction. That is central both to preventing future crimes of sexual violence against women and to the healing of societies. At both the national and international levels, security sectors and judicial systems must address the culture of impunity for these crimes. Measures must include improved vetting of reintegrated soldiers and bringing suspected perpetrators to justice, in domestic courts where possible or through referral of situations to the 

  International Criminal Court and other international courts for prosecution. Where those systems are failing survivors, comprehensive reforms should be mandatory. Maintaining the full dignity of survivors must be at the core of all of these processes. As a Libyan, I want to emphasize the need to hold accountable all parties involved in any act of sexual violence, and to prosecute them accordingly. That includes politicians and military commanders who order or permit such acts as a weapon of war, as well as those who commit the crime. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  I would like to state our concern regarding all situations where women’s rights continue to be violated. On conflict-related sexual violence specifically, we note that the Secretary-General’s current report does not 

  reference a number of relevant situations where sexual violence has been perpetrated. Those include Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and Haiti, among others. We urge the Secretary-General to take all measures to ensure that all relevant countries are included in future reports. Furthermore, we condemn the perpetration of sexual exploitation and abuse, which are all too often committed with impunity. 

  In civil society, we are often at the forefront of combating sexual violence from the grassroots to the international level. We encourage all actors to support civil society at all levels in all areas of that work. Furthermore, in their own work in the Security Council or in the United Nations, members should ensure that they are working to fulfil the obligations of resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009) and 1960 (2010). That includes ensuring that all country reports and mandate renewals are truly responsive to the protection and promotion of women’s human rights.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Last November, I went to Guinea to meet with the survivors. A young woman, who had been gang-raped and left for dead after joining the demonstration, recalled the chilling words of one soldier: “You wanted 

  power — this is what you will get”. What was striking to me was not how many women had been scarred by that atrocity, but how many have stood back up, organized and dared to tell their stories. Their demands for recognition, justice and the removal of perpetrators from positions of power are now reflected in a joint communiqué that the Government has signed with the United Nations.  Earlier this month, a Guinean panel of judges 

  charged Lieutenant Colonel Moussa Tiegboro Camara for his alleged role in the atrocities. That is progress. It signals to the survivors that, while justice may have been delayed, it cannot be denied. In that respect, the report before the Council today (S/2012/33) is already partly out of date. It calls upon the Guinean authorities to take action against Camara. In the time between issuing the report and today’s debate, they have done so.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  My aim is to remain relevant to the Security Council and to ensure that the mandate adds value to its work. Resolution 1888 (2009) also created the Team 

  of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, which is currently supporting initiatives of the Governments of Guinea, Liberia, South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to combat 

  impunity. It is clear that, now more than ever, we have the tools to succeed. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   At its heart, resolution 1960 (2010) is about prevention. It creates, for the first time, a workable system of deterrence and accountability in response to conflict-related sexual violence. This compliance 

  regime includes a listing option as leverage. In relation to other protection issues, such as ending the recruitment of child soldiers, the practice of listing has yielded tangible results. Expanding the 

  naming and shaming list on children to those credibly suspected of patterns of sexual violence against adult women and men has made the approach comprehensive and the message to armed groups clear. The point is to 

  cease all acts of rape, whether the victim is 8, 18 or 80.  I will never forget the story of an elderly woman I met in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who told me that she had felt secure in the belief that 

  she was too old to be raped, that she could be the soldier’s grandmother. But that did not protect her. While not a panacea, the list is an important tool. It reminds those who commit, command or condone 

  sexual violence that they can no longer sleep easily at night under the cover of impunity and anonymity. The practice of listing shows that this is not just a war of 

  words. Yes, preventive diplomacy is important. And yes, zero-tolerance policies matter. But ultimately, rape must carry consequences. Some have said this exercise 

  is too optimistic, too ambitious. But surely we must bring all measures to bear in addressing this scourge.  The vision is to create conditions in which armed 

  groups see sexual violence as a liability that will invite national and international scrutiny and censure unless concrete measures are taken. These measures are 

  outlined in resolution 1960 (2010) as a basis for delisting. They include the issuance of orders through chains of command and the prohibition of sexual violence in codes of conduct, as well as timely 

  investigation of alleged abuses to hold perpetrators accountable. A command structure with the capacity to sustain military operations and to punish deserters has the capacity to rein in acts of rape.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a process of intimidation, targeted rape is often a precursor to conflict, as well as the last weapon to be relinquished in its wake. It is important not to exclude from consideration sexual violence that 

  continues after the guns fall silent. Sexual violence that is normalized, owing to impunity, or committed by recently demobilized combatants is also a security issue that requires a security response. 

   Such violence subverts efforts to cement the peace. We know that a ceasefire does not mean peace for women if the shooting ceases but the rapes continue unchecked. Such violence should be included in the 

  definition of a ceasefire and in the monitoring provisions. Monitoring teams must be gender balanced, not gender blind. But to date, just three ceasefire agreements have included sexual violence. The new 

  guidance for mediators on  addressing conflict-related sexual violence, developed by Department of Political Affairs, will fill an analytical and practical gap. 

   Modern history attests that post-war rarely means post-rape. In Liberia, I have seen how sexual violence during the civil war left a profound imprint on society. Addressing that legacy is not just a moral, but an 

  operational, imperative. It is a credibility test for the nascent military and police forces. To echo what has been said so often within these walls, impunity fuels the vicious cycle of violence. Peace is not only the 

  absence of conflict, but the presence of justice.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  And we must deliver as one. I am proud to Chair the inter-agency network United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict. United Nations Action has provided strategic support at the country 

  level and catalyzed joint initiatives in close partnership with the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women, such as scenario-based training for peacekeepers. 

  But in terms of response, for too long we have been too late. The United Nations system is working to become better attuned to the red flags and early warning signs. Rape is not a fact of human history, like 

  disease or drought; it is often planned and therefore predictable. United Nations Action has scanned past conflicts to compile the United Nations Matrix of Early-Warning Indicators of Conflict-Related Sexual 

  Violence to equip monitors to identify and prevent spikes. 

  This analysis also sheds light on the roots of wartime rape. For instance, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons enable these atrocities. As many women have told me: "That man had the gun and 

  he had the power". Sexual violence is often perpetuated by incomplete disarmament and the absence of vetting, training and security sector reform. For example, in Somalia, a practice has recently been detected of 

  national security forces renting out their uniforms to civilians by night, which facilitates rape. Such patterns must be met with disciplinary measures. We also know that militarized mining can fuel human rights 

  violations by enriching armed groups, for instance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  In the wake of war, the aim is not just to build back, but to build back better. That means addressing pre-existing injustice and  inequality. What we have already achieved gives us hope. The action of this 

  Council tells survivors that their lives matter. It also tells perpetrators — and potential perpetrators — that war does not give license to rape. The world is watching. 

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• Azerbaijan

  February 23, 2012

  Among the pressing issues requiring urgent action and attention is that of women taken hostage and reported missing in connection with armed conflict. We are continuing our efforts to address that disturbing phenomenon, including through the relevant biennial resolution of the General Assembly and the Commission on the Status of Women, of which Azerbaijan is a main sponsor. In that regard, I would like to recall that, inter alia, at its fifty-fourth session, the Commission called for the immediate release of women and children taken hostage in armed conflicts, including by strengthening international cooperation to that end. More resolute and
  targeted measures are required to end impunity for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including those committed against women in situations of armed conflict. Combating impunity is important not only for the purposes of prosecuting such crimes and bringing those responsible to justice, but also for ensuring sustainable peace, truth and reconciliation.  

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  Regarding the recommendations contained in the report, Colombia understands that by urging the Council to increase pressure on perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, including the individuals and parties named in the report, the Secretary-General is referring to those named in the report’s annex, that is to say, the situations being considered by the Council and the sanctions committees set up with regard to such situations, which have adopted clear and precise criteria and procedures. We must not lose sight of the fact that each situation is specific, as are the elements of each mandate issued by the Council.

  My delegation reiterates its position with regard to the possible establishment of dialogue with parties to conflict for commitments to prevent sexual violence and hold perpetrators accountable in that the establishment of such dialogue must observe national laws and policies. If a State, as in the case of Colombia, has a policy whereby any dialogue between the United Nations and illegal armed groups operating in the country must take place with the prior explicit authorization of the Government, that decision must be respected.
   

  
  

• Colombia

  February 23, 2012

  The establishment of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements for conflict-related sexual violence must ensure that on the basis of accurate, objective and verifiable information, measures may be adopted to prevent conflict-related sexual violence and provide effective responses to help its victims. Similarly, recognizing the primary responsibility of the State to protect its people, the information obtained must contribute to the adoption of broad national policies and strategies against sexual violence, including prevention and care and recognition of victims.

  In that regard, it is imperative to help States with the development and implementation of early-warning mechanisms and procedures that facilitate the reporting, registering and verification of information. To the same end, the various United Nations bodies must continue to strengthen coordination, reducing the duplication of effort and ensuring a consistent approach in the field in order to help the Council in its consideration of all appropriate measures.
   

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  El Salvador recognizes that, 11 years after its adoption, progress has been achieved in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), as pointed out by the second report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary- General. The report clearly indicates the importance of making the women’s peace and security component universal and cross-cutting, and not only from the perspective of the Security Council, but also from that of the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and its subsidiary bodies, and in particular, the Peacebuilding Commission, as appropriate.

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  We recognize that we have also made some progress over the years. As examples, one can cite the creation of a platform in the Democratic Republic of Congo for the operational coordination of resources dedicated to providing specific services to combat sexual violence in conflicts; or the request for assistance to revitalize the national strategy on sexual violence based on gender in Cote d’Ivoire. Having said the above, we recognized that there is still a long way to go.  

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General, in his report, referred to efforts to establish a framework of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence. The United Nations has also developed a set of indicators as global markers of progress in the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000). We have taken note of those efforts. The development of such indicators, benchmarks and guidelines should involve a process of broad intergovernmental scrutiny and approval before their eventual adoption. In that connection, one must be cognizant of the difficulty in obtaining credible and verifiable data from conflict situations.

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  Our debate today gives us the opportunity to take stock of the implementation of the commitments made under resolutions 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010), as well as the progress achieved in the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established in line with resolution 1960 (2010). The convening of this debate also allows us to undertake a more in-depth reflection on the psychological impact and the consequences of conflict related sexual violence against women, girls and children, as well as on the need to identify with greater determination ways and means of ensuring optimal protection for the victims of such violence. The suffering endured by women during conflict and the various forms of exclusion and social injustice that they suffer from within their communities and families require more resolute joint action and a stronger commitment to ensure that they benefit from the maximum level of protection.  

  
  

• Morocco

  February 23, 2012

  The adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) in December 2010 was one element of a series of initiatives aimed at bolstering the existing legal toolkit for tackling conflict-related sexual violence. We believe that the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements established under that resolution should allow for the collection of objective, reliable and credible data on acts of sexual violence. We would also like to see these arrangements serve as a basis for comprehensive strategies to counter sexual violence by strengthening preventive measures, improving medical and psychological support services, and ensuring access to justice for victims.  My delegation would also like to commend the efforts made by the Council to combat sexual violence, in particular with respect to the preparation of the terms of reference for women’s protection advisers, in cooperation with the Department of Political Affairs, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Pakistan’s commitment to the United Nations agenda of peace and security needs no elaboration. For more than half a century, Pakistanis have served in United Nations peacekeeping operations in challenging circumstances. We have noted the Security Council’s enhanced emphasis on addressing violations of the human rights of children and women through new mechanisms, such as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Employed properly and in cooperation with concerned States and other relevant actors, such tools have the potential for good 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  We are supportive of the work that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General is doing, and would like to encourage her to continue to focus on the core of her mandate, that is, situations of armed conflict or occupation. Having carefully read the report of the Secretary-General (S/2012/33), we have some questions and comments on its specifics.

  Ideas such as the inclusion of elections, political strife or civil unrest under “other situations” go beyond the mandate of the Security Council. They run counter to paragraph 8 of resolution 1960 (2010), which clearly confines the whole debate to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), that is, situations of armed conflict. That is what the report should focus on, not situations that are neither armed conflict nor post-conflict or that threaten international peace and security. It is a matter of concern that some members of the Council, while arguing for a binding nature of Security Council resolutions, paradoxically condone deviations from mandates authorized by those very resolutions. The report should also not deviate from the established notion of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict

  As paragraphs 1 and 3 of resolution 1960 (2010) affirm, the mandate of taking action against specific parties is restricted to those situations that are on the agenda of the Security Council. However, in paragraph 116 of the report, the Secretary-General recommends that the Security Council take specific actions, including the use of targeted measures by sanctions committees, against all parties named in the report, instead of those mentioned in the annex. We would appreciate clarification of that anomaly.
   

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  The report also mentions the development of a framework for early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence, with the aim of integrating the analyses yielded by the framework into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response. It should be ensured that such a mechanism works strictly within the mandate and under the guidance of the Security Council to obviate politicization.  

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Let me conclude by saying that, our questions notwithstanding, Pakistan attaches the highest importance to and supports this important mandate. We would like to stress the need to strengthen the rule of law through a focus on national judicial systems, better training for peacekeeping troops and local police forces, and the increased participation of women in all peacemaking, peacebuilding and peacekeeping processes to help end sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. We are also supportive of the recommendations made by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the need to take steps for the legal, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims of sexual violence, as well as efforts to strengthen institutional safeguards against impunity for perpetrators.  

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Let me start by commending Ms. Margo Wallström for her excellent work over the past two years and her efforts to spread a clear message that sexual violence is simply not tolerable and that there is no real securitywithout women’s security. The report (S/2012/33) before us today gives a clear and comprehensive idea of the intensive work that has been carried out worldwide by the Special Representative in her advocacy for thfight against conflict-related sexual violence, in field visits, in engaging with national and non-governmental bodies and authorities and in coordinating within the United Nations system. It provides us with importantinformation on the implementation of the resolutions passed by this Council regarding monitoring and reporting arrangements aimed at collecting more consistent information on conflict-related sexual violence, but also regarding the establishment of a team of experts on the rule of law to assist national authorities to reinforce traditional systems weakened by conflict. Moreover, the report provides us with very useful information on specific situations, in accordance with resolution 1888 (2009) — information about incidents,but also about challenges and best practices adopted at the national level. It also contains very concrete recommendations, which we welcome. We must recognize that much has been achieved, and we are confident that the Special Representative will continue to carry out her mandate in the same committed and professional manner. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  The Security Council has recognized that the protection of women is a critical priority for peace and security. Resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have clearly established the fight against sexual violence in the agenda of this Council. The Council has created the necessary tools for obtaining reliable and accurate information on sexual violence. A common definition of sexual violence and common methodologies for data collection through monitoring and recording activities are now used throughout the system. The Council has been quite successful in discharging its responsibilities, but it still needs to reinforce its effectiveness. For instance, we need to make full use ofexisting tools, mainly ensuring deployment of women’s protection advisers in relevant peacekeeping operations, which will strengthen the prevention of and the response to sexual violence. We hope that the challenges thathave delayed the deployment of these advisers will be overcome, since their deployment in specific missions has already been requested by this Council.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

   

  Another promising tool at the disposal of Member States is the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. We welcome the technical cooperation that was provided at the request of national authorities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, the Republic of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire. All information contained in the report is relevant for the Security Council in terms of the Charter’s mandate for the maintenance of national peace and security. The information that is already collected by the reporting mechanism will improve the Council’s access to timely, objective, accurate and reliable information on sexual violence in conflict. The Secretary-General or the Special Representative will be able to brief the Council with reliable information on specific situations that deserve the Council’s attention. That reliable information will consequently enable the Council to act, collectively and in an appropriate mode, well before major incidents of widespread sexual violence reinforce threats to peace and security.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Indeed, a Council that is better informed is also in a better position to take effective action. With sufficient information, the Council will be able to take preventive steps in a timely manner. But the Councilnow will also need to take action with regard to those parties listed in the annex of the Secretary-General’s report, which are, and I quote, “credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape andother forms of sexual violence”. The Council has already passed a clear message to assure the perpetuators of sexual violence that the Council adopts sanctions against perpetrators who have been identified or who are credibly suspected of committing sexual violence in situations of armed conflict on its agenda. The Council should be consistent and reinforce that message concerning other individuals in similar circumstances. 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Impunity is simply not acceptable. The work carried out by the Special Representative and, ultimately, by this Council during the past few years is making a real difference in many parts of the world, especially for women and girls, but also for men and boys. As we have heard, Governments have recently prosecuted senior officers of their armed forces for crimes of sexual violence, and leaders of parties in armed conflict have been arrested and transferred to the International Criminal Court. These actions send a powerful signal to the victims of sexual violence that no military or political leader is above the law. This political message needs to be constantly underlined by the United Nations, and by this Council in particular.

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  Before concluding, let me mention that we regret that we have not yet been able to agree on the presidential statement on this important debate. But we trust that, with the cooperation of all, we will be able to achieve this shortly. I conclude with a word for the victims and the survivors of sexual violence. They are at the centre of our debates. Let us not forget them and the fact that beyond bringing perpetrators to justice, the international community also needs to afford care and reparation to the victims. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  We would like to recall once again that sexual violence is but one of the crimes committed in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. We are convinced that focusing our efforts on combating sexual violence means that we must also pay due attention to other crimes committed in time of conflict. Civilians continue to be the victims of crimes such as premeditated attacks, including terrorist attacks, as well as the indiscriminate or disproportionate use of force. In our view, the Council must evaluate such cases in an impartial and principled manner and ensure that the perpetrators do not go unpunished. We have carefully studied the report (S/2012/33) of the Secretary-General. We note that the document is rich in factual data, which reflects the credible and comprehensive work being done to combat sexual violence in armed conflict. Much of what has been done is welcome. We can see clearly that progress has been made as a result of the efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General. However, the reliability of some of the accounts contained in the report is questionable. We believe that taking an unbiased approach to this delicate issue on the basis of objective and reliable information is the key to promoting confidence in the activities undertaken in this respect. We disagree with the broad manner in which the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has interpreted her mandate. We would draw attention in particular to the fact that the issue under consideration today is conflict related sexual violence. Unilateral changes in the scope of an issue dealt with by a special United Nations mechanism established as a result of intergovernmental processes and enshrined in Security Council resolutions are inadmissible and could have an adverse impact on our ability to resolve the issue of sexual violence. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative  of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security. In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve  to further improve the activities ofthe Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within  the framework of their mandates. 

  
  

• Russian Federation

  February 23, 2012

  Accordingly, we call on the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, in carrying out her activities, to strictly comply with her mandate, according priority to those situations on the agenda of the Security Council, where sexual violence is one of the basic issues in the framework of the protection of civilians. With respect to the need to comply with the mandate of the Team of Experts, established by resolution 1888 (2009), we see similar requirements. The Team provides assistance to host countries on strengthening the rule of law in situations of particular concern. In that vein, we are puzzled by the fact that the Secretary-General’s report contains an arbitrary interpretation of the mandate that sets out the basic task of the Team of Experts as monitoring situations of sexual violence in conflict worldwide, as well as developing country dossiers on the basis of information received. I wish to underscore that what I have just said in no way detracts from the success and efforts of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the Team of Experts in the framework of their mandates. We are not convinced of the advisability of establishing a special mechanism to monitor respect by parties to a conflict for their responsibilities to combat sexual violence. It would seem that strategic leadership should be harmonized and that the effectiveness of existing systems and mechanisms should be enhanced by improving coordination among them. Indeed, that would be in line with founding Council resolutions and is at the core of the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We continue to believe that the Security Council must address those issues that fall within its purview. The issue of the sexual violence should be considered by the Council exclusively under the agenda item “Women and peace and security” and insofar as it is linked to the maintenance of peace and security.
  In conclusion, we express the hope that the observations and proposals put forward by Council members today will serve to further improve the activities of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and other United Nations structures and bodies concerned with combating sexual violence in armed conflict within the framework of their mandates.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has done an outstanding job over the past few years to comprehensively address the challenge of conflict-related sexual violence by adopting landmark resolutions aimed at eradicating it. South Africa welcomes the progress that has been made so far in the preparations of the terms of reference for women protection advisers, and we look forward to their early deployment. We are mindful of the limitations that continue to pose a challenge to the reporting of incidents of sexual violence in conflict stricken areas. It is our hope that the countries mentioned in the report will do everything in their power to address all the challenges identified, including bringing the perpetrators to justice and reparations for the victims. South Africa is concerned that African countries continue to constitute the majority of countries where there is an increasing prevalence of conflict-related sexual violence. We are appalled that the incidents of rape and gang rape increased in the recent conflict that struck Côte d’Ivoire. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, rape, mass rapes and other sexual violence continue unabated in North and South Kivu. That is a matter of great concern to South Africa.

  We welcome and fully support the establishment by the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) of prosecution support cells to boost the capacity of the Congolese justice system in the investigation of war crimes, crimes against humanity and sexual violence. We hope that all those initiatives will help to bring all the perpetrators to justice and end the culture of impunity.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the commitments that were made by the Governments of countries of concern during the visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in relation to addressing impunity for sexual crimes and the training of security personnel. We appreciate the work done by the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, especially its great work in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia and South Sudan.

  In the same vein, and equally important, are the pre deployment training modules that UN-Women and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations have developed. We welcome the modules that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General has developed on the protection of civilians and sexual violence with the African Union partners, under the auspices of the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre. We are of the view that the streamlining of conflict-related sexual violence across all peacekeeping training will go a long way in the efforts to comprehensively address and eradicate that evil. We would like to encourage all United Nations agencies and departments to continue to work together in an integrated and coordinated manner to effectively implement such training. We hope that we will soon see the fruits of those concerted efforts.
   

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has understood that there can be no security without women’s security. The aim is not only to protect women from violence; it is to protect them to participate in public and economic life. Rape has a 

  chilling effect on women’s political participation, casting a long shadow of trauma and terror. It can inhibit their access to polling booths and public squares. We must send a message that women’s lives, 

  votes and voices count and will be counted.  Certainly, the women I have met cannot be caricatured as passive victims. They have fought daily wars — not for medals and monuments, but battles for 

  bread, to feed their children and to make their presence felt. I am particularly concerned, at this historical juncture, that unless women can shape their own political and personal destiny, the Arab Spring will turn 

  into a winter for Arab women.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country welcomed the adoption of resolution 1325 (2000), which defines the role of women in conflict prevention, conflict management and peacebuilding. The national action plans that Member States are called upon to draw up pursuant to that resolution seem to be the most effective means for attaining the goals of the resolution.

  In that spirit, Togo has drafted an action plan to combat all forms of violence against women. My country has established nationwide support centres for women victims of violence. For 10 years now, my country has also participated in 16 days of campaigning organized from 25 November to 10 December every year. As a troop-contributing country to United Nations peacekeeping operations, Togo has also created a pre-deployment centre where military and police personnel in training are made aware of the strict prohibition of all forms of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country also supports the main initiatives launched by the United Nations to combat sexual violence in times of conflict, as set out in the report. These efforts include scenario-based pre-deployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence; analysis of early warning signs of sexual violence in times of conflict, with the aim of integrating that analysis into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response; and addressing conflict related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  To combat and especially to deter the perpetration of such acts, Togo believes that the countries concerned must build an arsenal of justice, such as national or hybrid criminal courts and tribunals, turning, if necessary to the International Criminal Court, with scrupulous respect for the principle of complementarity, which maintains the primacy of national jurisdictions.

  My country also believes that the affected countries could resort to extrajudicial mechanisms and methods of reconciliation, that is, to truth, justice and reconciliation commissions and roundtables. These mechanisms can help not only to solidify the principle of the individual responsibility of perpetrators of serious crimes, but also to promote peace, truth, reconciliation and the rights of victims.
   

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Firstly I would like to commend SRSG Wallstrom for the good work that she has done to raise the profile of this issue, including fighting against impunity. We welcome her concerted efforts in tackling this issue, leadingto a more co-ordinated response from the UN system as she has set out this morning. UN Action has played an important part in implementing the monitoring analysis and reporting arrangements (MARA). MsWallstrom has also worked tirelessly to ensure that the voices of nongovernmental and civil society organisations are heard.  Secondly, we welcome the efforts towards greater accountability, and an end to impunity. The UN monitoring and reporting mechanisms provide reliable, objective and evidence based information on conflict-related sexual violence against women, men, girls and boys. Under Resolution 1960, the Security Council can now hold to account parties credibly suspected of committing acts of rape or other forms of sexual violence. We note these parties listed for the first time and support appropriate action being taken against those responsible for these terrible acts. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  It is important that this Council takes into account information on conflict-related sexual violence when considering post-conflict situations and other situations of concern. However, conflict related sexual violence is not confined to countries on the Security Council agenda as we see incidents or patterns occur in other settings. The SRSG must be able to address conflict related sexual violence wherever a pattern or trend exists as an early warning sign of conflict. These crimes must be reported, addressed and punished and the survivors must be treated with dignity throughout the reporting process. We recognize the good work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law. They support member states to strengthen the rule of law as well as institutional safeguards against impunity, by working with them to improve rule of law processes and ensuring that those committing sexual violence are brought to justice. It is not until impunity has been combated that the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence are brought to account, that justice will have been done. All parties to conflict must learn that it is the perpetrator and not the survivor who will pay the price. 

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence demonstrates the importance of having a Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. In just the past year, she was able, together with the Team of Experts, to assemble the evidence available in the report, and to begin to address some of the horrors it describes. From the beginning, the United States has supported the Special Representative and the Team of Experts, both 

  in advocating their mandates and financing their work. It is time and money well spent.  The Special Representative has, first of all, gathered facts. We now know how rape was used to humiliate and punish during the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. We know now that 625 cases of sexual violence by warring parties were recorded by the United Nations from December 2010 to November 2011 in the North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale 

  provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We have before us figures, dates, names of perpetrators and perpetrating forces in those countries, as well as in Burma, Somalia, the Sudan and South Sudan. We also now have information, sometimes very extensive information, about sexual violence perpetrated in post-conflict situations and situations of civil unrest, in the Central African Republic, Syria, Guinea, Nepal and elsewhere.  The Special Representative and the Team of Experts have demonstrated the extent of the problem. Their work is also increasing awareness of the issue and encouraging best practices. In the reporting period, more than 150 people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from various types of security forces, were sentenced after trial to punishment for crimes of sexual violence. A total of 9,534 Congolese survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces, including at least 1,700 children, received medical and psychosocial support. Congolese officers in two conflict-affected provinces are now receiving training from the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), to train their own soldiers on how to prevent sexual violence and deal properly with witnesses and victims. Those training modules will become the national standard for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

   In Côte d’Ivoire, the Special Representative received a commitment from the President of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that reparations for victims of sexual violence would be part of the Commission’s mandate. In Liberia and South Sudan, the Team of Experts has worked with national justice sectors on sentencing guidelines, the training of police, constitution-drafting and a host of other initiatives.  That is what the Office of the Special Representative is for. The Security Council’s mandate is clear and the Special Representative has been forthright in carrying it out. She deserves our strong support.  The problem, unfortunately, remains vast. We have only begun. Impunity is still alarmingly common. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sheka Ntabo Ntaberi ran as a candidate for office even as a warrant was out for his arrest for sexual violence. In Guinea, as detailed in the Secretary-General’s report, two men connected to the violence of September 2009, which included sexual violence, have since been given high Government positions. Such impunity should not be tolerated. Apart from keeping a sharp focus on ending impunity, we need to build our institutional capacity for early warning. We applaud the efforts of the Special Representative, of United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, and of UN-Women to develop an early warning framework.  

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Afghanistan

  February 23, 2012

  Afghanistan adopted a law on the elimination of violence against women, which has provided the Government with stronger judicial means through which we can combat sexual violence more effectively. That is real progress towards breaking the silence with regard to violence and sexual violence. We are confident that, in the years to come, our efforts will yield more results and that women will be safer and more respected and will receive the justice that they deserve.

  The President of Afghanistan also established a commission on the elimination of sexual abuse of children and women. The commission advises relevant organizations on how to fight against the sexual abuse of women and children and encourages relevant reporting to it.

  Afghanistan acknowledges that the accomplishments that we have outlined are only the first steps towards achieving gender equality and the improvement of the position of women. The Afghan Government will therefore continue its effort to eliminate sexual violence and to advance women’s rights and empowerment. In that regard, the Government of Afghanistan welcomes resolutions 1325 (2000), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009), which identify combating sexual violence as a matter of peace and security.

  
  

• Armenia

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, although important steps have been taken towards our common goal of preventing and effectively responding to conflict-related sexual violence, much remains to be done. Armenia remains committed to working closely with the Council, the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the other relevant United Nations bodies toward this noble end. 

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  In the two and a half years since the Council committed to taking more effective action to prevent and address sexual violence in conflict, we have witnessed a significant number of United Nations actions designed to turn rhetoric into action. The work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict has been integral to this effort. The landmark adoption of resolution 1960 (2010) 12 months ago demonstrated the Council’s willingness to take measures to end the scourge of sexual violence in conflict.  It is critical that the Council and Member States implement resolution 1960 (2010) fully. 

  Australia strongly supports the work of the Special Representative, particularly the increasing use of field visits and direct engagement with parties to conflict. We encourage the Council to receive regular briefings from the Special Representative when she considers issues related to sexual violence to be relevant to its deliberations. That would help the Council to undertake its preventive role.     

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We encourage the Council to remain seized of the need to deploy women protection advisers to peacekeeping and special political missions. The inclusion of relevant information in country-specific reports and in mission mandates must also be considered. We also join South Africa in encouraging the inclusion of more women as uniformed personnel in peacekeeping operations, and welcome India’s statement today that it is willing to increase its own contribution in this regard.

  We welcome the recent deployments of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. South Sudan’s use of this expertise to guide the planning of its justice system should be particularly welcomed. Integrating the voices of women into design will better ensure gender-responsive justice systems.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Over the past two and a half years, we have witnessed a renewed dedication by the United Nations, as well as troop- and police-contributing countries, to developing and implementing tools to prevent and address sexual violence, consistent with their mandate to protect civilians. The rollout through scenario-based training for peacekeepers of the United Nations toolkit to address conflict-related sexual violence was an important development, and Australia was pleased to fund it. We encourage troop- and police-contributing countries to integrate this tool into pre-deployment training.

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Security sector reform must address conflict related sexual violence. The development of human rights training tools for security officials will help to extend these efforts to detention and interrogation facilities, which are often beyond the reach of peacekeeping missions. Australia is also pleased to be working with the Department of Political Affairs and UN-Women to support women’s engagement in decision-making on security sector reform.

  Separately, we have supported the development of a victim management programme for Pacific police, and developed police manuals on gender-based violence in Timor-Leste. The Australian Federal Police is also formulating a police development strategy and toolkit that include a focus on gender and conflict related issues, which will assist our police who are working with international partners to address conflict related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Some initiatives of the global community in the first decade of its adoption have been praiseworthy. The establishment of a new body, UN-Women, and the appointment of a Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict have been two significant developments that have placed women at the top of the global agenda. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has also undertaken commendable steps for the better protection and enhanced participation of women.

  The situation is far from satisfactory, however. We are disappointed to note that violence against women and girls is still prevalent in many parts of the world suffering from armed conflict. Women and girls, we all know, suffer most as victims of such conflicts. Their suffering is compounded when they are ignored or marginalized in peace processes. Women are too often excluded from both the negotiations that make peace and the institutions that maintain it. We underscore the need to do more to ensure the safety and security of women and girls, particularly during conflict situations and in their aftermath.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  The Government has adopted a national policy for women’s advancement and a national plan of action. A women’s development implementation committee, headed by the Minister for Women and Children Affairs, monitors the implementation of policies for women’s empowerment. It has also created a gender-based budget. We are benefiting greatly from all of those initiatives. To cite just one example, the enrolment of girls at primary and secondary level schools exceeds that of boys, and girls in secondary level schools are helped by tuition waivers and the provision of stipends.  

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased to make our modest contribution to the maintenance of international peace and security. Our troops and police are doing excellent work in various United Nations peacekeeping missions. In line with our pro-women policy, we have been recruiting women in our regular forces, including police and the military. While they contribute to our national security, they are also sent to respond to international calls. For example, we deployed an all-female contingent serving as a female formed police unit in Haiti following the devastating earthquake there. 

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, let me emphasis that we have a solemn responsibility to protect women and girls against all forms of violence and to ensure their rightful place in line with the letter and spirit of resolution 1325 (2000). On its part, my country stands ready to make its humble contribution to global efforts in promoting the status and role of women both nationally and internationally. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  First is the mandate of the Special Representative, which for Belgium is very clear. It allows the Security Council to focus on sexual violence not only in classic conflict situations but also in post-conflict situations or other serious situations, such as political unrest. The Council already regularly takes up such issues in various types of situations. I welcome the reference in the report to instances of sexual violence in situations of unrest and instability, particularly in Egypt and Syria. To reduce the mandate solely to cases of sexual violence in conflict situations would be tantamount to restricting the role of the United Nations in defending individuals and societies that suffer from this terrible scourge. We cannot retreat from the detailed mandate set out in resolution 1960 (2010).

  Furthermore, while sexual violence mainly affects women and girls, the Secretary-General’s report makes very clear that the situation of men, especially those in custody, as well as children born as a result of rape, deserves greater attention from us. Rather than seeking to lock the mandate into too limited an area of action, we should develop a comprehensive approach to protecting civilians.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Today’s deliberations reaffirm the great importance that we individually and collectively attach to the need to address sexual violence in the context of armed conflict, as well as its impact on women and children. Our deliberations also provide an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been achieved and to identify gaps and challenges that still remain in addressing this scourge.

  As stated in the report of the Secretary-General, we note with satisfaction that reasonable progress has been made to date in the implementation of resolutions 1820 (2008) and 1888 (2009), as demonstrated by the notable efforts made by the United Nations system, Member States, civil society and other actors, including the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict and the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence.
   

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana attaches great importance to the protection and promotion of the rights and advancement of the status of women. The Government has made considerable achievements in protecting women from all forms of violence and in ensuring a safe and secure environment where their rights are protected. In addition, it has undertaken several initiatives to address violence against women and children. Ending violations of women’s human rights is therefore a moral imperative, and one which we must collectively combat. In that regard, Botswana strongly condemns all forms of violence against women and children and supports all efforts aimed at preventing and eliminating violence, including sexual violence against women and children. 

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada welcomes the Secretary-General’s recent report (S/2012/33) and thanks the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict for her presentation today and her efforts to strengthen United Nations mechanisms to prevent and respond to such crimes, including rape and trafficking of women and girls. Canada encourages the Security Council to receive regular briefings by the Special Representative following her visits to countries on the Council’s agenda. 

  
  

• Canada

  February 23, 2012

  Canada strongly supports the Security Council’s recognition of the need to take effective measures to prevent and respond to conflict-related sexual violence, including rape as a weapon of war. In this regard, Canada calls on the Council to ensure the implementation of increased accountability measures for these crimes, including monitoring and reporting arrangements and holding those responsible for sexual violence to account. It is also important to give consideration to the health, safety and dignity of survivors.

  Canada welcomes the inclusion of the list of perpetrators of acts of sexual violence in the annex to the Secretary-General’s report. My country calls on the Security Council to increase pressure on States to hold perpetrators of sexual violence to account. Canada also calls on the Security Council to ensure that its sanctions committees adopt criteria pertaining to acts of sexual violence such as rape as a weapon of war, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization or other forms of sexual violence of comparable gravity.
   

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  The report of the Secretary-General on conflict related sexual violence (S/2012/33) that has been introduced today by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict highlights progress achieved in monitoring, analysis and reporting activities aimed at addressing sexual violence against women in conflict and post-conflict situations, including the important role of women’s protection advisers in that context, and provides information on parties to conflict credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for acts of sexual violence, in relation to the implementation of Security Council resolution 1960 (2010) on sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. 

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, Egypt would like to express its appreciation for the efforts exerted by Ms. Wallström and her team in preparing the report in consultation with concerned Member States. However, Egyptbelieves that the inclusion of section IV.B, entitled “Sexual violence in the context of elections, political strife and civil unrest”, to the report of the Secretary-General falls far beyond the mandate of the Special Representative to implement resolution 1960 (2010) which, in paragraph 8, “Requests the Secretary General to establish monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements on conflict-related sexual violence, including rape in situations of armed conflict and post-conflict and other situations relevant to the implementation of resolution 1888 (2009), as appropriate, and taking into account the specificity of each country”.  As resolution 1888 (2009) focuses mainly on situations of particular concern with respect to sexual violence in situations of armed conflict, the inclusion of section IV.B in the report, in our view, constitutes an unjustified widening of the scope of activities of the Special Representative without a proper mandate from the Security Council.

  Despite the spirit of openness and transparency that characterized Egyptian foreign policy after the revolution of 25 January 2011, Egypt does not see any reason whatsoever for its inclusion for the first time in the new and innovative section IV.B of the report, which mixes conflict-related with non-conflict-related sexual violence. 

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretariat has increased and given greater weight to reports covering women’s issues. But, in our judgment, a consistent lack of information still exists regarding countries and specific situations of women in respect to this issue.

  It is important to note that communication and information between field missions and Headquarters should be open and immediate in order to make it possible to update data. Furthermore, to the degree that the gender perspective is entrenched in the context of armed conflicts, associated problems come to light, such as the lack of prevention and protection against abuse and all kinds of violence against women and girls, including sexual violence, as was eloquently indicated by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General at this meeting.

  In that regard, El Salvador agrees with other delegations and civil society organizations that the Secretary-General should be asked to include more systematically in all his reports on conflict situations broad information on acts of sexual violence and other gender-based acts against women and girls.

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  El Salvador recognizes the progress that has been made with regard to the mandates of peacekeeping operations, as many of them now include an express mandate on women, peace and security, as is the case of Libya, South Sudan, the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Darfur, Burundi, Haiti and Afghanistan.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  When discussing sexual violence, let us not forget the burden borne by victims. Under the Rome Statue, victims of crime have the opportunity to participate in proceedings before the Court. Victims of sexual violence also require targeted assistance of the sort rendered by the Trust Fund for Victims established by the Statute. To name but one example, a project in the Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo provides education, day care and basic health-care services to 67 girls who had been abducted by the armed forces and had borne children while in captivity. Whether through multilateral or bilateral development cooperation, it is important that donors remember the special needs of the victims of sexual violence.

  Women are the largest group of victims of sexual violence, which is why the fight against impunity must be complemented by efforts to empower women to become actors in peace and security. For this reason, Estonia attaches great importance to implementing and further developing resolution 1325 (2000) and its follow-on resolutions in order to strengthen the role of women in conflict prevention, settlement and peacebuilding.
   

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  At the international level, the emergence of a universal working definition to facilitate data collection should advocate timely, reliable and verified information and proper analysis of data on the
  occurrence of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. Such a definition will help stakeholders in delivering survivor and victim-focused responses. Overcoming the trauma they have had to endure is an important factor in helping women to become active peacebuilding actors in the future. In addition, such a definition will also considerably refine the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements recommended by resolution 1960 (2010).

   

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  The report before us is testament to the need for a dedicated Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, with the strong mandate which the Special Representative holds. These are crimes surrounded by taboos and silence, consistently underreported and, even when they are reported, unlikely to be followed up. If there is to be any chance of penetrating the darkness, we need a strong and unwavering searchlight. The independent voice and exclusive focus of the Special Representative helps to shine that steady light. The latest report from the Secretary-General validates both the appointment of a dedicated Special Representative and the clarity and scope of her mandate.

  The report addresses a range of specific situations spanning four continents, all of them deserving our attention. In some of these situations, conflict still rages; others are post-conflict but still dealing with a poisonous legacy. Côte d’Ivoire, Libya and South Sudan are among the more recent ugly chapters. The sexual violence being unleashed in Syria, with male detainees as particular targets, deserves our unequivocal condemnation.

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  My third point pertains to the responsibilities of United Nations peacekeepers, and Chad is the case study. The Secretary-General’s report sets out steps being taken to improve the training of peacekeepers with regard to conflict-related sexual violence. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN-Women collaboration in that regard is particularly welcome. The standards for United Nations peacekeepers must be the highest. The Blue Helmet is designed to inspire confidence and trust; it is unthinkable that in any circumstance it should instil fear of rape or sexual violence.

  Recognizing that progress is being made, it is still salutary to hear directly from those with first-hand experience. In Ireland’s case, we had an instructive recent experience of peacekeeping in Chad. Ireland had overall command of the European Union military operation in the Republic of Chad and in the Central African Republic (EUFOR), and deployed more than 400 Irish troops. Subsequently, when EUFOR was replaced by United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT), our troops continued to serve in the same numbers with the Mission until 2010.

  The transition from EUFOR to MINURCAT afforded us the opportunity to witness differences in approach between the two peacekeeping models. One of the areas where there was a measurable difference was in relation to the gender focus. Mission requirements relating to resolution 1325 (2000) were more specific and detailed during the EUFOR deployment than during the subsequent MINURCAT deployment.

  That was a specific experience at a specific time, and may not be fully representative of today’s circumstances. Yet the Chad experience left a strong imprint on our peacekeepers and an awareness of the challenge confronting the United Nations in that regard. Seeing the practical outcomes of gender work with EUFOR also further strengthened the commitment to training Irish peacekeepers on gender issues. A number of steps have been taken. I might mention that, as of May, our defence forces will deploy a gender adviser and gender focal points in the unit deploying to the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  
  As we have stated on previous occasions before this body, we cannot expect to eradicate sexual violence if we do not ensure that those who are responsible are systematically brought to justice. The message must be clear — sexual violence is not costfree. We welcome therefore the inclusion in the report of a list of parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for patterns of rape and other forms of sexual violence. The list must become a basis for a more active engagement of the Council towards perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence, including taking measures through the relevant sanctions committees, referring them to the International Criminal Court and mandating international commissions of inquiry.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, there is a need to systematically include the issue of conflict-related sexual violence in the work of the Council, especially when authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions. The progressive deployment of women’s protection advisers to United Nations missions is also critical.

  Finally, it is necessary to include women and women’s rights in peace talks. Women are formidable negotiators, mediators and peacebuilders. Their participation in preventive diplomacy is insurance against any attempt to minimize or neglect the consequences of the use of sexual violence.

  
  

• Japan

  February 23, 2012

   

  As the Special Representative has pointed out on many occasions, sexual violence
  is never a by-product of conflict, and it can be prevented. We should focus more
  on the prevention side of the issue. Japan welcomes the framework of early
  warning signs specific to conflict-related sexual violence that has been
  developed based on collective analysis by the broader membership of the United
  Nations system. We encourage all stakeholders to incorporate the framework of
  early warning indicators into their immediate responses to conflict. We also
  expect that the Secretary-General’s next report will include more analysis on
  the root causes of conflict-related sexual violence from the perspective of
  prevention.

   

  Finally, I would like to underline the important role played by United
  Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict, a network of 13 United
  Nations entities chaired by Special Representative Wallström. United Nations
  Action is the key to a comprehensive and coordinated approach to preventing and
  responding to conflict-related sexual violence. Japan welcomes United Nations
  Action’s strategic framework for 2011-12, which specifies the leading entities
  for each action. We expect that United Nations Action will further strengthen
  its network and activities on the ground, particularly by making tangible the
  positive changes for the survivors of conflict-related sexual violence.

   

   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Kenya welcomes the leadership shown by Togo in holding this debate during its presidency. The United Nations is commemorating the twelfth year since the unanimous adoption of resolution 1325 (2000) and two years since the adoption of resolution 1960 (2010). My delegation notes with satisfaction the commitment shown by Member States, the United Nations system, civil society and other actors in implementing those and related resolutions. Those resolutions, together with other international instruments constitute the bedrock for women’s work on peace and security and also the basis for cooperation among all actors involved in this field. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  Following the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, the Government set out an ambitious plan to put in place a new Constitution and build and strengthen institutions of governance that would be accountable to and responsive to the needs of its citizens. In clear recognition that all human development and human rights issues, including peace and security, have gender dimensions, Kenya has made great advances in mainstreaming gender in its institutions of governance. Indeed, arguably, such advances have not been made by any country in such a short period of time and during peacetime.

  The judiciary is now fiercely independent; the investigation and prosecution branches have been revamped. A new Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission has been established to better manage elections. Other institutions, such as the National Cohesion and Integration Commission and the Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution, have also been established and are currently monitoring the pace and quality of reforms, including the enactment of necessary legislation to avert any recurrence of events similar to those of 2007.
   

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The Kenyan Constitution has entrenched women’s participation in all aspects of Kenya’s governance structures and societal life in general. By promoting full and effective participation and granting the Kenyan woman her rightful place at the decision making table, Kenya has ensured that there shall be nothing about society without women’s involvement and genuine participation. But ever since the African Union/United Nations-sponsored mediation process that led to the formation of the coalition Government, Kenya has remained true to its promises and strived, against great odds, to carry out its obligations responsibly. No single, simple metric conveys better the contrast between the situation as it then was and is now. Kenya’s cooperation with the International Criminal Court and the putting in place of key legislation, such as the International Crimes Act and the Witness Protection Act, provide necessary legal safeguards for the effective prosecution of the perpetrators of post-election violence. Kenya is grateful to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for its continued support in this regard. 

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I wish to note that all over the world, many women are denied their social, economic, political and civil rights. They are systematically discriminated against because of their gender. While I reaffirm Kenya’s commitment to implementing resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1960 (2010), there is a nexus between violence against women and the economic and power structure. We must therefore emphasize on greater coherence and coordination in addressing women’s issues in a fair and holistic manner in all situations. It is therefore imperative that consideration be given to how best to incorporate the activities of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict with the work of UN-Women. 

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  allow me to highlight a positive development that has taken place since the publication of the Secretary-General’s report. It was referred to today by the Special Representative, and I particularly value it in my capacity as Chair of the Guinea country specific configuration of the Peacebuilding Commission. I am referring to the indictment under Guinean justice of Lieutenant Colonel Moussa Tiegboro Camara, who is suspected of being one of the main persons responsible for the violence that occurred, including mass rape, in the Conakry stadium on 28 September 2009. This is an important step in the right direction. 

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  Since the most recent public debate of the Council on the issue at hand (S/PV.6642) on 28 October 2011, Luxembourg has further intensified its commitment to supporting women in armed conflict, including through its support of the work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. This is our response to the Secretary-General’s call on Member States, reiterated in this year’s report, to provide the resources necessary to enable the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions.

  In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a sub-regional workshop was organized in November 2011 in Goma, with the support of Luxembourg, by the Office of Gender Affairs of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to promote exchanges of experiences among women’s organizations in the Great Lakes region in the areas of peace, security and prevention of election-related violence. The workshop sought to help reduce the risk of the outbreak of conflict before, during and after elections. Training was also offered to improve conditions in order to promote women’s participation in provincial and local elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  With the support of Luxembourg, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has been able to implement similar initiatives in Timor-Leste and in Haiti. This year, again with our support, a national workshop in the Republic of South Sudan and a workshop for West Africa in Liberia will be held with the shared objective of strengthening the contributions of United Nations peacekeeping operations to increasing women’s representation at all levels within national, regional and international institutions and to reinforcing mechanisms for the prevention, management and resolution of conflict.

  The fight against conflict-related sexual violence is a moral obligation that we must fulfil together. Luxembourg can be counted on to continue its contribution to that collective effort.
   

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me to address the issue of women in promoting peace and security and what we have been trying to do to enhance the empowerment of women in general in the post-conflict situation. Nepal has come a long way after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 in terms of ensuring women’s participation at the decision-making level. The election S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 14 12-23937 of women to one-third of the seats in Parliament has sent a very strong signal about the unprecedented equality and empowerment of women, with deep reverberations of change in Nepalese society.

  Nepal has accorded high priority to the implementation of the many Security Council resolutions on women and peace and security as we move from conflict to durable peace, stability and economic development. In that context, Nepal is proud to stand with its distinctive five-year national action plan for the effective implementation of the Council’s resolutions on women and peace and security. We have already started the implementation of our national action plan through a multi-pronged approach whereby Parliament, Government ministries, judiciaries, political parties and civil society are involved in their respective areas. That will ensure the meaningful participation by women at all levels of the decisionmaking process of governance, including in conflict transformation and peacebuilding processes. We have also put in place mechanisms at the local level, together with some strong monitoring mechanisms, to follow up on implementation. We welcome the genuine partnership and collaboration of the international community in our endeavour. In that regard, we reiterate our conviction that partnership and cooperation must be forged for building and promoting national capacity.

  Nepal has taken a number of initiatives to take care of the special needs of women and bring them forward. It is mandatory that women participate at a rate of at least 33 per cent in the constitution of local peace committees at the district level, which are empowered to address post-conflict-related issues at the local level. Nepal has been implementing gender-based budgeting for some years, through which gender mainstreaming has been getting special attention in all development activities. Nepal has introduced a policy of affirmative action in various areas, including in the civil service, with a view to ensuring that women participate at the decision-making level in the public sector.

  We have adopted various measures to fight against sexual and gender-based violence, notably by establishing of a follow-up office in the Office of the Prime Minister, a gender violence prevention fund, and gender violence control committees in all 75 districts of the country. We are committed to expanding women and children service centres in police stations across the country to ensure the expeditious investigation and the prosecution of cases of sexual and gender-based violence. Furthermore, we are committed not only to increasing the number of women in our army and police force, but also to contributing an increasing number of them to United Nations peacekeeping operations. We have integrated the essential portion of courses on the protection of women and girls from sexual violence during and after conflict in our peacekeeping training package. Nepal is fully aware of the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy and has expressed its commitment to fully supporting the endeavour.
   

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  We agree with the Secretary-General that women are decisive players in the context of the three pillars required for lasting peace: economic recovery, social cohesion and political legitimacy. In that context, in post-conflict stages it is vital that stress be put on strengthening the rule of law as well as the social, economic and political empowerment of women, without any discrimination, ensuring their full integration into the community and their full political participation.

  Peru believes that the high-level consideration of the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) proposed for 2015 would be an opportunity to consider, in a comprehensive manner, the progress made by the United Nations system and the measures promoted and adopted by Member States in priority prevention areas, which are participation, protection, assistance and recovery, and to consider the establishment of a working group charged with following up that resolution.
  
  Since resolution 1325 (2000) was adopted, we have made progress in recognizing the importance of women’s participation in peace and security. However, many challenges remain to which we must respond, and we must work jointly to ensure that women and girls can fully and without discrimination exercise their personal, employment, economic and social rights, which are recognized in international instruments, including their right to live without fear, without violence, with respect and with equal opportunities.

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  In recent months, in application of Spain’s national action plan on resolution 1325 (2000) and other associated resolutions, we have engaged in several activities, especially in the area of training, that I wish to highlight. We are firmly convinced that training is an essential aspect of our efforts to prevent sexual violence in conflict.

  First, last November the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation and the Ministry of Defence organized, together with the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Defence of the Netherlands, the second offering of the international pilot course on the gender perspective in peacekeeping operations, which took place in The Hague. The purpose of the seminars is to promote the inclusion of the gender perspective in all peacebuilding activities and to ensure specific training of personnel participating in those missions. We plan to continue to offer the courses every six months, alternating between the Netherlands and Spain.
   

  
  

• Spain

  February 23, 2012

  Moreover, in order to raise the profile of gender advisers and ensure the inclusion of the gender perspective in peacekeeping missions, the Ministry of Defence of Spain organized a course in late October 2011 on the gender perspective in operations, with conferences for members of the armed forces on equal opportunity, setting norms on gender issues, and the fight against rape and sexual violence in conflict.

  The next course for high officials in peacekeeping operations, to be organized in coordination with the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and held in May in Kigali, Rwanda will deal specifically with the issue before us today, with particular emphasis on the fight against sexual violence in conflict.
   

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  Sensitive to the vulnerabilities of women in postconflict situations, the protection of war-affected women and children is a priority for the Government of Sri Lanka. Every effort is being made to ensure that their lives are returned to normalcy, as far as possible and as speedily as possible. Although resource constrained, Sri Lanka has set up special women’s protection units with female police officers and women’s centres in the camps for internally displaced persons, and is continuing to provide psychosocial counselling services in the formerly conflict-affected north and east. Many women in those areas were psychologically devastated by the conflict and the attendant terrorism that lasted over 27 years. With the end of the 30-year struggle against terrorism in May 2009, Sri Lanka has now entered a post-conflict phase that is challenged by many issues. They include resettlement, rebuilding livelihoods, the rehabilitation and reconstruction of dilapidated infrastructure, and bringing normalcy to the conflict affected areas. Many of the economic rehabilitation activities implemented in the north and the east have women at the centre. a

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  Sri Lanka has had a very constructive engagement with the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. We appreciate the open and transparent manner that has been adopted by the Special Representative’s Office in working with Sri Lanka on this important issue. In this area, too, reporting from the field must contain verifiable information that would enable Governments that are committed to sincerely addressing issues of sexual violence in post-conflict situations to investigate and provide redress to the affected. It is equally important that monitoring missions do not confuse common criminal activity with such gender-based violence. Such a distortion would smack of politically motivated targeting of Member States.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  On the basis of these examples and this short introduction to the progress we have made in enhancing the role of women in the Sudan, let me now move on to the main focus of our discussion here today. We reject and stand firm against all practices of injustice and violence against women. In 2007, we adopted a national strategy that was developed in consultation with all relevant official and civic bodies, including governmental entities and representatives of civil society, including the civil society representative who sits on my right side here today. We appreciate her role in this regard.

  The national strategy adopted in the Sudan encompassed six areas of focus for measures to enhance and upgrade the status women, including peacebuilding and the preservation of rights, participation in decision-making, economic development, education, health, the environment, and dispute settlement. The strategy has been applied at all federal and state levels. The Government of the Sudan has established numerous specialized centres at all levels to coordinate the efforts of women in the fields of peace and development and to provide opportunities for consultation on promoting gender equity and the principles of equality.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased that Special Representative Wallström has been able to address the Council in country-specific meetings throughout her mandate when new information emerged. That type of interaction can allow preventive action to be taken in reasonable time. Timely, analytical and verified information allows a better response at all levels. National Governments and local civil society organizations can more accurately plan and establish effective early warning tools, response and protection mechanisms, as well as services for survivors. United Nations actors and international non-governmental organizations that support them can respond quicker and better.

  
  The Security Council can take targeted and consistent action against perpetrators to fight impunity, increase compliance with international law and, ultimately, prevent such crimes from happening in the first place. We encourage the Council to explore ways by which it could enhance and systematize the consideration of information on serious violations being brought to it, as well as to use all possible tools at its disposal to respond.

   

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  There should never be impunity for sexual violence. We are pleased that the Council has demonstrated increasing willingness to use commissions of inquiry and referrals to the International Criminal Court. International inquiries and high-profile trials serve an important function but, as I mentioned a moment ago, national-level legal and justice sector reforms are at least as important to combat impunity and prevent and deter sexual violence in the long term. The Nordic countries commend the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law for having in a short time developed a focused way to support Governments in this area. Elsewhere innovative practices such as mobile courts are being used to bring justice closer to the survivors and communities, serving a double function of justice and confidence building. Enhanced access to justice should also be accompanied by enhanced reparations for victims. Innovative measures such as community reparations and the creation of economic and educational opportunities should be explored more widely.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  It is also clear that Security Council debates have led to significant normative innovations, in particular the appointment of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, the deployment of women’s protection advisers within peacekeeping missions, and the operationalization of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. They must receive the financial assistance necessary to enable them to help countries develop comprehensive national strategies to combat violence against women.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  To conclude, I wish to reiterate that my country remains at the disposal of the United Nations in the context of any action relating to the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and of other international instruments aimed at strengthening the full participation of women in the decision-making process and at ensuring a deep-rooted culture of human rights, as a fundamental guarantee of the elimination of all forms of violence against women.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Viet Nam is of the view that the diverse nature of violence against women and girls requires a comprehensive approach. The United Nations therefore plays an important role in coordinating with Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, especially UN-Women, civil society and other stakeholders, in promoting the recognition and integration of women in the area of peace and security and in intensifying international efforts to end sexual violence against women and girls in a coherent manner and with gender sensitivity

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The mandate related to sexual violence in situations of armed conflict is one of the most demanding in peacekeeping. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the Department 

  of Field Support (DFS) remain deeply concerned that, despite universal and repeated condemnation, sexual violence continues to be used as a tactic of war, in particular against women and children. 

  We greatly appreciate the political advocacy and leadership of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Ms. Wallström, in heading the United Nations Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict.

  During the past year, collaboration between my Department, Special Representative Wallström, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and 

  United Nations Action has been strengthened. Thanks to these partnerships, we are continuing to produce concrete results. Since last year’s debate, we have worked with the Office of Ms. Wallström and the Office of the United 

  Nations High Commissioner of Human Rights to develop terms of reference for women’s protection advisers. A tripartite approach has been adopted in the context of the advisers by placing them in gender and human rights organizations and in the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the relevant peacekeeping operations to facilitate cooperation. This approach maximizes existing capacities in the field and avoids fragmentation and 

  duplication of responsibilities. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

   Several peacekeeping operations were selected and invited to identify women’s protection advisers within the limits of existing resources. However, in cases of conflict-related sexual violence on a major 

  scale, additional resources should be made available to deal with the high volume of work. Our efforts to identify and deploy advisers are currently focused on United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in 

  the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), the United Nations Operation in Côte d’Ivoire and the United Nations Mission in South Sudan. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In 2011, the Office of Special Representative Wallström and United Nations Action developed guidelines on the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements. The human rights structures in our 

  peacekeeping operations direct monitoring and verification, in close collaboration with other mission components and the members of the United Nations country team. 

  While the arrangements are not an end in themselves, they should contribute towards a better prevention and programming policy response. There remain challenges that we are trying to address: 

  mobilizing capacities to implement the arrangements; ensuring the presence of uniformed women in affected areas to reach out to women and girls; and addressing inadequate infrastructure and communications to gain 

  access to important regions to monitor and verify incidents. Ultimately, impunity, scarce services in rural areas and insecurity deter survivors from reporting the sexual violence to which they have been subjected. 

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  The DPKO and the Department of Field Support stand ready to provide the necessary support to encourage Governments to institutionalize the prohibition and prevention of and accountability for 

  conflict-related sexual violence through the development of policies and national security sector training. We must recognize the close links between time-bound commitments and security sector 

  development. Meticulous and systematic assessments of armed groups must be part of any integration policy in national forces. 

  We are proud to be an active member of the United Nations Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1888 (2009). 

  Accountability for sexual violence must be established to combat sexual discrimination and inequality. The reform of existing legislation, access to a functional justice system and witness protection programmes are 

  fundamental. Political will is also essential to ensure that perpetrators of international human rights and humanitarian law violations, including sexual violence, are tried and held accountable. The rule of law as a 

  whole must prevail, by means of security and judicial sectors, including correctional systems.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In that regard, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) has worked with civil society and women  in particular to ensure that the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur included 

  provisions for the Government of the Sudan to take the steps necessary to deliver effective and timely justice for serious human rights violations, including sexual violence, and to prevent amnesty in cases of crimes of 

  sexual violence. (spoke in English) Progress has also been made in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where MONUSCO supports civilian and military prosecutors in investigating allegations of conflict-related sexual violence. In 2010 and 2011, MONUSCO undertook more than 30 joint investigation team missions with magistrates and police officers to investigate cases of sexual violence. MONUSCO also supported the holding of trials, so as 

  to strengthen the military justice system, including through mobile court proceedings in remote areas. As a result, 217 judgments on sexual violence were delivered in 2011. MONUSCO and partners also 

  support 39 legal centres, which provide free legal assistance to survivors of sexual violence and to their families. In 2011 more than 2,200 survivors received assistance.   

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

   May I add that when I was in the Democratic Republic of the Congo a month ago I visited an incredible place in Goma named Heal Africa. It is a hospital primarily devoted to treating victims of rape, 

  physically and psychologically, as well as to teaching them trades for them to live on after they leave the facility. It is through just that type of clinic that we can have a positive impact on the lives of unfortunate 

  victims. We should encourage such projects.  

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Capacity-building is an important element of the sexual violence mandate, which we are carrying out in support of host Governments and within our missions. For example, in Timor-Leste, Liberia, Haiti and Darfur, 

  United Nations police work in support of the national police to develop dedicated spaces to receive survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. For example, three such spaces are being launched this month in atrisk camps in Haiti. To that end, the Police Division is working with police-contributing countries to develop training and trainer modules to standardize the prevention and investigation of sexual and genderbased violence in post-conflict environments, for 

  United Nations police and national police forces. In the course of last year, 103 police trainers were certified through five regional training courses. 

  To capacitate our military components, we have developed training modules, in consultation with Member States, to accompany the military gender guidelines. We are piloting them regionally. We have 

  also introduced a module on conflict-related sexual violence, developed under the auspices of UN Action into the DPKO/DFS protection of civilians training modules for military, police and civilian components. 

  Those modules were recently finalized and disseminated to our missions and key peacekeeping training partners.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Ultimately, protection from sexual violence is a key element of the protection of civilians mandate of United Nations peacekeeping operations. Given the diverse environments in which peacekeeping missions 

  operate, different protection arrangements have emerged. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for instance, joint protection teams and community liaison assistants have become essential elements of 

  MONUSCO’s efforts to address the protection of civilians. Community alert networks established through the use of cellular phones and high-frequency radio networks are currently being piloted. 

  Another example is Darfur, where UNAMID and the United Nations country team regularly conduct joint assessment field missions in selected camps for internally displaced persons, to identify security and 

  humanitarian concerns, such as access to basic services, the human rights  situation, patterns of population movement and communities’ coping mechanisms. The missions verify reported cases of 

  sexual violence, and therefore they also address the problem of conflicting information.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  It is important to underscore that the host Government is ultimately responsible for the protection of its civilian population. Missions cannot act as a surrogate for State authority. Where mandated, therefore, we must strengthen frail State institutions, to facilitate their protection response. In that regard, we welcome the recent adoption of the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces, which ultimately strengthens the  protection abilities of the host Government’s forces.  

  MONUSCO is implementing that policy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which makes the Mission’s support to the Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and the Police nationale civile (PNC) conditional on their respect of international humanitarian law, human rights law and refugee law. The policy seeks to improve FARDC behaviour through screening the chain of command of its units for past humanitarian law and human rights

  violations, including acts of sexual violence, before support is provided by the Mission. Indeed, in the course of last year, MONUSCO screened more than 2,000 FARDC and PNC personnel. Support was suspended to two FARDC battalions based on evidence of human rights violations. I am pleased to highlight that collaboration and progress has been achieved with the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Last month I also had another meeting with a senior general commanding FARDC forces in North Kivu, who acknowledged that our due diligence policy had now been fully understood and taken on by himself and his troops: they respect and take full account of our requirements in the matter.

  
  

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  In conclusion, I would like to draw attention to a few key points. In countries where conflict-related sexual violence is taking place, we call on Member States to fund women advisers in order to strengthen the implementation of the monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements and the sexual violence mandate from a peace and security perspective. Time-bound commitments are part of security sector reform and a strong tool for preventing sexual violence from taking place. Our missions stand ready to support host Governments to address those commitments, to work with the security sector to address the integration of armed groups in national security forces and to work in close support of national military and civilian justice systems to ensure accountability for incidents of sexual violence. DPKO and DFS also look forward to close collaboration with host Governments to implement the Secretary-General’s human rights due diligence policy.  Uniformed women in peacekeeping are key to addressing conflict-related sexual violence. DPKO and DFS call on troop- and police-contributing countries to commit to that issue and to increase the number of women represented in national security forces. We have set the objective of 20 per cent women in the United Nations police forces by 2014, but we must go further.  

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  We appreciate the ongoing work of numerous actors to combat violence against women. That includes the efforts of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual 

  Violence in Conflict. We  welcome the analysis and recommendations contained in the latest SecretaryGeneral’s Report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence. As the report makes clear, sexual violence is 

  often used as a weapon to torture, terrorize and threaten peace. It is important to remember that each paragraph of the report represents human beings — women, men, children and communities affected by 

  that threat to peace and security. That includes individuals from my community who, like most victims, have not received and likely will not receive proper services, protection, acknowledgement, justice 

  or accountability. This represents a collective failure of the international community to effectively respond to the threat. 

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, when prevention efforts fail, survivors must be the priority of all service provision and protection. The survivor-centric approach must encompass the provision of medical, psychological, 

  legal and other services to survivors, as well as effective avenues for reparations and redress. We support the recommendations in the SecretaryGeneral’s report in that regard, and we strongly call on 

  all actors to make that a reality. Service and protection strategies must be designed in full consultation with women and affected communities. Particular attention must be paid to the rights and concerns of women and 

  girls, who are often at increased risk in displacement settings, as the current report notes in many cases, including Somalia, Darfur in the Sudan, and Sri Lanka. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The terms of the debate have shifted from reacting to sexual violence, like any other tragedy, to preventing it, like any other  threat. Instead of talking about women’s wartime suffering year after year after 

  year, protection mechanisms have been established. Instead of seeing the same few women in meeting after meeting, we are building a broad coalition. The circle of stakeholders now extends to 

  peacekeepers, peacemakers, war crimes prosecutors and the full range of protection actors. After all, it is at the moment of negotiating a peace deal, signing a ceasefire, training troops and sending peacekeepers on 

  patrol that such resolutions have a real-world impact. In short, the Council has ushered in an ideological 

  shift. When it takes notice, others do as well. A decade ago, my mandate to be present in the Chamber, addressing this subject, would have seemed improbable. Yet the Council has kept pace with the 

  changing dynamics of conflict. In contemporary wars, it has become more dangerous to be a woman fetching water or collecting firewood than to be a fighter on the 

  front line. Wars have entered the marketplaces where women trade; they follow children en route to school; and haunt the prison cells where political activists are detained. Accordingly, the Council has embraced a 

  view of security that includes the physical integrity and perspectives of women. During my visits to countries of concern, I have promised to bridge the voices of 

  those women to the work of this body. At the political level, such visits can initiate a dialogue for civilian protection commitments. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  One such tool is the report being debated today. It provides striking examples of sexual violence as a threat to security and an impediment to peacebuilding. 

  No one can read that report and remain unmoved. But, as many participants have asked me, what does it mean to appear in the Secretary-General’s report? I would 

  like to address that head-on by highlighting three key implications. First, the report, based on United Nations-verified information, is an instrument in the hands of political 

  leaders to help them track and address sexual violence that is linked with insecurity. It cites illustrative incidents that point to larger patterns. As the new monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements 

  mature, they will yield a deeper evidence base for action. Secondly, it does not highlight only horror stories. Such reports are a place to feature the stories of actions that have made a difference, such as enforcing 

  command responsibility and vetting perpetrators from the security forces. It is in the interests of every Government to ensure that the national uniform symbolizes professionalism, discipline and service, not 

  rape, pillage and terror.  The third point is that it provides a baseline for systematic engagement with parties to armed conflict, with the consent and partnership of Governments. Such 

  reports are vehicles for putting names to some of history’s complex horrors. The acts of sexual torture and terror recorded here are not inevitable by-products of war, but crimes committed by combatants and their 

  commanders. The fog of war does not absolve them of their responsibilities. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   At its heart, resolution 1960 (2010) is about prevention. It creates, for the first time, a workable system of deterrence and accountability in response to conflict-related sexual violence. This compliance 

  regime includes a listing option as leverage. In relation to other protection issues, such as ending the recruitment of child soldiers, the practice of listing has yielded tangible results. Expanding the 

  naming and shaming list on children to those credibly suspected of patterns of sexual violence against adult women and men has made the approach comprehensive and the message to armed groups clear. The point is to 

  cease all acts of rape, whether the victim is 8, 18 or 80.  I will never forget the story of an elderly woman I met in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who told me that she had felt secure in the belief that 

  she was too old to be raped, that she could be the soldier’s grandmother. But that did not protect her. While not a panacea, the list is an important tool. It reminds those who commit, command or condone 

  sexual violence that they can no longer sleep easily at night under the cover of impunity and anonymity. The practice of listing shows that this is not just a war of 

  words. Yes, preventive diplomacy is important. And yes, zero-tolerance policies matter. But ultimately, rape must carry consequences. Some have said this exercise 

  is too optimistic, too ambitious. But surely we must bring all measures to bear in addressing this scourge.  The vision is to create conditions in which armed 

  groups see sexual violence as a liability that will invite national and international scrutiny and censure unless concrete measures are taken. These measures are 

  outlined in resolution 1960 (2010) as a basis for delisting. They include the issuance of orders through chains of command and the prohibition of sexual violence in codes of conduct, as well as timely 

  investigation of alleged abuses to hold perpetrators accountable. A command structure with the capacity to sustain military operations and to punish deserters has the capacity to rein in acts of rape.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Those who tolerate sexual terror should be on notice that they do so in defiance of the Security Council, with its power to enact enforcement measures. In the case of Côte d’Ivoire, for example, this means 

  the militiamen who threatened to burn women alive if they resisted rape. They know why they appear in this list. The Council has signalled its intention to consider sexual violence when establishing or renewing 

  sanctions regimes. Exemplary action has already been taken by the Sanctions Committee for the Democratic Republic of Congo with regard to Mai-Mai leader 

  Ntabo Ntaberi Sheka. This sends a powerful message to others. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Due to the blame, shame and stigma, most survivors still have more to lose than to gain from reporting rape. Improved data collection is therefore inextricably linked to  improved assistance. Our 

  primary focus must always be needs, rather than numbers. Data is not an end in itself, but an evidence base for action.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• China

  February 23, 2012

  it is necessary to strengthen the participation of women in all stages of the peace process, pay attention to their status and roles, and further tap their potential. China supports women in playing a greater role in preventing and settling conflicts and in rehabilitation and reconstruction. China supports the United Nations in appointing more female senior officials, special representatives of the Secretary-General and special envoys, and especially in increasing female representation from the developing countries. 

  
  

• European Union

  February 23, 2012

   We commend the coordination and cooperation envisioned in the implementation of those arrangements with the relevant parts of the United Nations system, including the monitoring and reporting mechanism on children and armed conflict, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the human rights components of the United Nations peacekeeping missions. We welcome the finalization of the terms of reference of the women’s protection advisers and call for their swift designation within the United Nations missions’ human rights and gender components. Preventing sexual violence should be our utmost priority. We therefore welcome the development of early warning indicators specific to conflict-related sexual violence and the scenario based pre-deployment training modules by the United Nations system, which we hope will enhance the capacity of the peacekeepers to respond. A holistic approach that includes women’s full participation in decision-making in peace and security is key to effectively preventing and responding to sexual violence.

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, we need greater resolve on ensuring the participation of women in all stages of peace processes. To take an example: the issue of sexual violence has not yet figured in most ceasefire or peace agreements. To start closing this gap an interesting new tool has been developed by DPA: New mediation guidelines, which take into account the issue of sexual violence. These guidelines, which of course cover other aspects as well, will be presented on 9 March in the German Mission. It is my pleasure to invite you all to attend this event. 

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  More over, we should guarantee the participation of women in the solution and prevention of conflicts. The rehabilitation and reconstruction aspects are very important tools for the full implementation of Resolution 1325 (2000). Guatemala supports the notion that women should have a predominant role in mediation of controversies. We encourage the Secretary General to appoint more qualified women as Special Representatives and Special Envoys. We express our deep concern at the delay in the deployment of Women Protection Advisors, requested to the Secretary General in Resolution 1888 (2009). We hope that in the future the appointment of the WPA will be made without further delay to fulfill the mandate of said resolution. 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Let me conclude by saying that, our questions notwithstanding, Pakistan attaches the highest importance to and supports this important mandate. We would like to stress the need to strengthen the rule of law through a focus on national judicial systems, better training for peacekeeping troops and local police forces, and the increased participation of women in all peacemaking, peacebuilding and peacekeeping processes to help end sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. We are also supportive of the recommendations made by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the need to take steps for the legal, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims of sexual violence, as well as efforts to strengthen institutional safeguards against impunity for perpetrators.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We fully concur with the recommendation that the Security Council should systematically reflect conflict-related sexual violence in the authorization and renewal of peacekeeping mandates and the renewal of special political missions. In that respect, South Africa has always supported the call for the deployment of women protection advisers to peacekeeping and political missions in order to coordinate the implementation of conflict-related sexual violence.

  For our part, South Africa continues to increase the number of women deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. About 45 per cent of the troops we contribute to the United Nations are women, and 10 per cent of them have played leadership and commanding roles. We will continue to do our part and to contribute to international efforts to address the scourge of conflict-related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  The Council has understood that there can be no security without women’s security. The aim is not only to protect women from violence; it is to protect them to participate in public and economic life. Rape has a 

  chilling effect on women’s political participation, casting a long shadow of trauma and terror. It can inhibit their access to polling booths and public squares. We must send a message that women’s lives, 

  votes and voices count and will be counted.  Certainly, the women I have met cannot be caricatured as passive victims. They have fought daily wars — not for medals and monuments, but battles for 

  bread, to feed their children and to make their presence felt. I am particularly concerned, at this historical juncture, that unless women can shape their own political and personal destiny, the Arab Spring will turn 

  into a winter for Arab women.

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  Mr. President, Rape is increasingly used as a tactic of war and the Security Council should be united in condemnation of it and steadfast in support of the crucial work of the Special Representative on Sexual Violence. The adoption of Resolution 1960, the appointment of Ms Wallstrom, the establishment of her Good Offices alongside the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law Sexual Violence in Conflict, and the work of Women Protection Advisors all contribute to preventing and responding to conflict-related sexual violence and thereby to international peace and stability. We firmly believe that the Council needs to sustain and build on this work. For that reason the United Kingdom is disappointed that this Council has not yet been able to agree a Presidential Statement condemning conflict-related sexual violence. It sends a depressing message to the world at large, and in particular to victims and survivors that on the occasion of this debate the Council is not yet been able to agree a public statement on impunity; on prevention and early warning; on follow-up to Resolution 1960 over the last year; and – crucially –on the excellent work of Margot Wallstrom. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  For example, the United States believes that it is crucial to increase women’s  participation in security forces involved in preventing conflict and building peace as one way to reduce conflict-related sexual violence. The United States funds and implements the Global Peace Operations Initiative, which has facilitated the training of 2,451 female peacekeepers worldwide. The Initiative supports instruction on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse. Beginning last year, we have supported the pre deployment training of Peruvian women peacekeepers focused on women, peace and security issues, in support of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. In Afghanistan, United States and Afghan officers provide instruction and mentoring to female soldiers in the Afghan National Army. In 2014, 10 per cent of the Afghan Military Academy’s class will be women. There are already more than 1,200 women serving in the Afghan National Police, many of whom serve in leadership positions. Preventing and combating conflict-related sexual violence is central to building lasting peace and brighter futures for countries undergoing and emerging from conflict. I cannot stress enough what a critical concern this is for my Government. Sexual violence must cease to be used as a tactic of war and intimidation. For the sake of the vulnerable and for the honour of nations, we, as the Council, must continue to support efforts to end this scourge.

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We encourage the Council to remain seized of the need to deploy women protection advisers to peacekeeping and special political missions. The inclusion of relevant information in country-specific reports and in mission mandates must also be considered. We also join South Africa in encouraging the inclusion of more women as uniformed personnel in peacekeeping operations, and welcome India’s statement today that it is willing to increase its own contribution in this regard.

  We welcome the recent deployments of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. South Sudan’s use of this expertise to guide the planning of its justice system should be particularly welcomed. Integrating the voices of women into design will better ensure gender-responsive justice systems.  

  
  

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  Over the past two and a half years, we have witnessed a renewed dedication by the United Nations, as well as troop- and police-contributing countries, to developing and implementing tools to prevent and address sexual violence, consistent with their mandate to protect civilians. The rollout through scenario-based training for peacekeepers of the United Nations toolkit to address conflict-related sexual violence was an important development, and Australia was pleased to fund it. We encourage troop- and police-contributing countries to integrate this tool into pre-deployment training.

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Some initiatives of the global community in the first decade of its adoption have been praiseworthy. The establishment of a new body, UN-Women, and the appointment of a Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict have been two significant developments that have placed women at the top of the global agenda. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has also undertaken commendable steps for the better protection and enhanced participation of women.

  The situation is far from satisfactory, however. We are disappointed to note that violence against women and girls is still prevalent in many parts of the world suffering from armed conflict. Women and girls, we all know, suffer most as victims of such conflicts. Their suffering is compounded when they are ignored or marginalized in peace processes. Women are too often excluded from both the negotiations that make peace and the institutions that maintain it. We underscore the need to do more to ensure the safety and security of women and girls, particularly during conflict situations and in their aftermath.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  The participation of women should be ensured at all stages of peace processes, including conflict prevention, peace negotiations and post-conflict reconstruction. We also believe that poverty and socioeconomic deprivation are the breeding grounds for conflict, including sexual violence against women and girls. We therefore emphasize the importance of fulfilling the economic needs of women and of engaging women at all levels and in all forms of decision-making processes. Women’s economic needs may be served by ensuring their access to and participation in income-generating and entrepreneurial activities in such areas as microcredit, vocational training and public health. Women’s engagement at all levels of decision-making may be promoted through the recruitment of women to senior-level positions. 

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  In Bangladesh, based on our experience with nation-building and women’s empowerment, we have embraced this view and developed a model that our Prime Minister, Her Excellency Sheikh Hasina calls a “peace model”. She believes that if peace is attained and maintained, development and prosperity will follow. The central message conveyed in the model emphasizes the empowerment of people, including women and other vulnerable groups. I am happy to note here that the General Assembly recently adopted resolution 66/224, entitled “People’s empowerment and development”.

  Women occupy many top leadership positions in my country. The Constitution of Bangladesh guarantees the equality of men and women within the broad framework of non-discrimination on grounds of religion, race or gender. The 345-member National Parliament of Bangladesh has 45 seats reserved for women. We also have a significant number of elected women representatives in local bodies.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  The Government has adopted a national policy for women’s advancement and a national plan of action. A women’s development implementation committee, headed by the Minister for Women and Children Affairs, monitors the implementation of policies for women’s empowerment. It has also created a gender-based budget. We are benefiting greatly from all of those initiatives. To cite just one example, the enrolment of girls at primary and secondary level schools exceeds that of boys, and girls in secondary level schools are helped by tuition waivers and the provision of stipends.  

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Egypt

  February 23, 2012

  Due regard should be given to the influential role played by Egyptian women in the 25 January revolution, which in itself was a clear manifestation of their active participation in the transformation process within Egyptian society. In the same vein, Egypt reiterates its full commitment to all international legal instruments and protocols on the rights of women, and to furthering Egyptian women’s contribution in all public domains and preserving the gains they have made over decades. I conclude by reiterating Egypt’s strong commitment to the promotion and protection of all women’s rights, and by urging all United Nations mandate holders — in this, case the Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict — to perform their functions in strict observance of their mandates, upholding the principles of impartiality, objectivity and non-selectivity. 

  
  

• El Salvador

  February 23, 2012

  El Salvador welcomes your initiative, Mr. President, to convene this open debate of the Security Council on the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security.

  That resolution constitutes a cornerstone in the efforts to achieve full participation — on an equal basis — of women in all initiatives for peace and security, together with the integration of the gender perspective in the context of seeking a resolution of armed conflicts, in peacekeeping and peace building and in post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation.

  Resolutions 1325 (2000), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009) constitute important policy instruments, since they make it possible to consider, in a broad, comprehensive fashion, the increasing complexities of conflict and post-conflict transitions to development situations from a gender perspective.

  
  

• Estonia

  February 23, 2012

  When discussing sexual violence, let us not forget the burden borne by victims. Under the Rome Statue, victims of crime have the opportunity to participate in proceedings before the Court. Victims of sexual violence also require targeted assistance of the sort rendered by the Trust Fund for Victims established by the Statute. To name but one example, a project in the Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo provides education, day care and basic health-care services to 67 girls who had been abducted by the armed forces and had borne children while in captivity. Whether through multilateral or bilateral development cooperation, it is important that donors remember the special needs of the victims of sexual violence.

  Women are the largest group of victims of sexual violence, which is why the fight against impunity must be complemented by efforts to empower women to become actors in peace and security. For this reason, Estonia attaches great importance to implementing and further developing resolution 1325 (2000) and its follow-on resolutions in order to strengthen the role of women in conflict prevention, settlement and peacebuilding.
   

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

   

  It is also important that the role of women not be minimized in any way at this level. Their inputs are integral to enhancing civilian capacity, especially in the most affected developing countries. Indonesia believes that dialogue, partnership and cooperation within the framework of the global South are of critical importance to the peacebuilding capacities of developing countries.

   

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  My second point is that women are not a footnote; and Somalia is a case study in that regard. The Secretary-General’s report sets out the scale of sexual violence in Somalia: the crimes of Al-Shabaab; the groups of men in military uniform who prey on women and girls in internally displaced camps in Mogadishu; the rapes and gang-rapes in camps in Kenya; and the chronic and largely unaddressed sexual violence in Puntland.

  The Conference on Somalia is meeting in London today, and we look forward to a substantive outcome. It is worthwhile, however, to mention an initiative of women ambassadors accredited to the African Union. The cross-regional group of women ambassadors — I might mention that the Ambassadors of Togo and Ireland were part of that group — were concerned that initial preparatory papers for the London Conference lacked any focus on the situation of women in Somalia, despite the gravity of their situation and the shared principles of resolution 1325 (2000).

  With African Union (AU) and United Nations support, the group undertook meetings with Somali women both in Nairobi and in camps of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in the Ethiopian border region. The statement from the women ambassadors, produced yesterday, is intended as an input to the London Conference. It outlines issues of concern and concludes with the urging of Somali women that the international community raise issues of gender, including with Somali leaders.

  Amid the range and gravity of the problems facing Somalia, and the imperative to advance on the political and security fronts, it is easy to see how specific issues predominantly affecting women may not be prioritized, or may be seen as symptomatic of deeper problems that, if addressed, will help to alleviate the situation of women. But the phenomenon of women as a footnote has been with us far too long. When the international community comes together in a high-profile conference, one would hope to see from the outset a strong consciousness of the gender dimension of the conflict. The time has well passed when sexual violence could be viewed as in some sense collateral damage — a regrettable but inevitable byproduct of larger forces at work.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, as committed as we are to targeting the perpetrators of sexual violence, we must give full priority to the health, safety and dignity of survivors. National and international programmes for postconflict reconstruction must ensure that their needs are met and voices heard. Adequate and timely resources are required to sustain processes that are meant to be lengthy and complex.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, there is a need to systematically include the issue of conflict-related sexual violence in the work of the Council, especially when authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions. The progressive deployment of women’s protection advisers to United Nations missions is also critical.

  Finally, it is necessary to include women and women’s rights in peace talks. Women are formidable negotiators, mediators and peacebuilders. Their participation in preventive diplomacy is insurance against any attempt to minimize or neglect the consequences of the use of sexual violence.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The Kenyan Constitution has entrenched women’s participation in all aspects of Kenya’s governance structures and societal life in general. By promoting full and effective participation and granting the Kenyan woman her rightful place at the decision making table, Kenya has ensured that there shall be nothing about society without women’s involvement and genuine participation. But ever since the African Union/United Nations-sponsored mediation process that led to the formation of the coalition Government, Kenya has remained true to its promises and strived, against great odds, to carry out its obligations responsibly. No single, simple metric conveys better the contrast between the situation as it then was and is now. Kenya’s cooperation with the International Criminal Court and the putting in place of key legislation, such as the International Crimes Act and the Witness Protection Act, provide necessary legal safeguards for the effective prosecution of the perpetrators of post-election violence. Kenya is grateful to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for its continued support in this regard. 

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  Since the most recent public debate of the Council on the issue at hand (S/PV.6642) on 28 October 2011, Luxembourg has further intensified its commitment to supporting women in armed conflict, including through its support of the work of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. This is our response to the Secretary-General’s call on Member States, reiterated in this year’s report, to provide the resources necessary to enable the full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions.

  In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a sub-regional workshop was organized in November 2011 in Goma, with the support of Luxembourg, by the Office of Gender Affairs of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to promote exchanges of experiences among women’s organizations in the Great Lakes region in the areas of peace, security and prevention of election-related violence. The workshop sought to help reduce the risk of the outbreak of conflict before, during and after elections. Training was also offered to improve conditions in order to promote women’s participation in provincial and local elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
   

  
  

• Luxembourg

  February 23, 2012

  With the support of Luxembourg, the Department of Peacekeeping Operations has been able to implement similar initiatives in Timor-Leste and in Haiti. This year, again with our support, a national workshop in the Republic of South Sudan and a workshop for West Africa in Liberia will be held with the shared objective of strengthening the contributions of United Nations peacekeeping operations to increasing women’s representation at all levels within national, regional and international institutions and to reinforcing mechanisms for the prevention, management and resolution of conflict.

  The fight against conflict-related sexual violence is a moral obligation that we must fulfil together. Luxembourg can be counted on to continue its contribution to that collective effort.
   

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me to address the issue of women in promoting peace and security and what we have been trying to do to enhance the empowerment of women in general in the post-conflict situation. Nepal has come a long way after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 in terms of ensuring women’s participation at the decision-making level. The election S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 14 12-23937 of women to one-third of the seats in Parliament has sent a very strong signal about the unprecedented equality and empowerment of women, with deep reverberations of change in Nepalese society.

  Nepal has accorded high priority to the implementation of the many Security Council resolutions on women and peace and security as we move from conflict to durable peace, stability and economic development. In that context, Nepal is proud to stand with its distinctive five-year national action plan for the effective implementation of the Council’s resolutions on women and peace and security. We have already started the implementation of our national action plan through a multi-pronged approach whereby Parliament, Government ministries, judiciaries, political parties and civil society are involved in their respective areas. That will ensure the meaningful participation by women at all levels of the decisionmaking process of governance, including in conflict transformation and peacebuilding processes. We have also put in place mechanisms at the local level, together with some strong monitoring mechanisms, to follow up on implementation. We welcome the genuine partnership and collaboration of the international community in our endeavour. In that regard, we reiterate our conviction that partnership and cooperation must be forged for building and promoting national capacity.

  Nepal has taken a number of initiatives to take care of the special needs of women and bring them forward. It is mandatory that women participate at a rate of at least 33 per cent in the constitution of local peace committees at the district level, which are empowered to address post-conflict-related issues at the local level. Nepal has been implementing gender-based budgeting for some years, through which gender mainstreaming has been getting special attention in all development activities. Nepal has introduced a policy of affirmative action in various areas, including in the civil service, with a view to ensuring that women participate at the decision-making level in the public sector.

  We have adopted various measures to fight against sexual and gender-based violence, notably by establishing of a follow-up office in the Office of the Prime Minister, a gender violence prevention fund, and gender violence control committees in all 75 districts of the country. We are committed to expanding women and children service centres in police stations across the country to ensure the expeditious investigation and the prosecution of cases of sexual and gender-based violence. Furthermore, we are committed not only to increasing the number of women in our army and police force, but also to contributing an increasing number of them to United Nations peacekeeping operations. We have integrated the essential portion of courses on the protection of women and girls from sexual violence during and after conflict in our peacekeeping training package. Nepal is fully aware of the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy and has expressed its commitment to fully supporting the endeavour.
   

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  Women are clearly decisive actors at every stage of the peace building process in the long term. It is therefore necessary to promote their full participation as an integral part of efforts to establish, maintain and strengthen peace. We therefore welcome the trend to systematically incorporate the gender perspective in the Security Council’s work, especially in mission mandates, as well as the involvement of women in conflict resolution processes.

  My country has a long history of sending women military observers to various peacekeeping operations. I am pleased to announce that, last November, Peru deployed its first female personnel to peacekeeping operations. Their numbers will continue to increase in future operations.

  
  

• Peru

  February 23, 2012

  We agree with the Secretary-General that women are decisive players in the context of the three pillars required for lasting peace: economic recovery, social cohesion and political legitimacy. In that context, in post-conflict stages it is vital that stress be put on strengthening the rule of law as well as the social, economic and political empowerment of women, without any discrimination, ensuring their full integration into the community and their full political participation.

  Peru believes that the high-level consideration of the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000) proposed for 2015 would be an opportunity to consider, in a comprehensive manner, the progress made by the United Nations system and the measures promoted and adopted by Member States in priority prevention areas, which are participation, protection, assistance and recovery, and to consider the establishment of a working group charged with following up that resolution.
  
  Since resolution 1325 (2000) was adopted, we have made progress in recognizing the importance of women’s participation in peace and security. However, many challenges remain to which we must respond, and we must work jointly to ensure that women and girls can fully and without discrimination exercise their personal, employment, economic and social rights, which are recognized in international instruments, including their right to live without fear, without violence, with respect and with equal opportunities.

  
  

• Sri Lanka

  February 23, 2012

  Sri Lanka stands ready to extend its support to achieving gender parity in United Nations peacekeeping activities and in carrying our gender-related mandates of the peacekeeping missions. Necessary predeployment training has been completed to deploy an all-female battalion comprising 855 personnel and 28 female officers, at any time.

  
  

• Sudan

  February 23, 2012

  Yet more gender-related legislation has been enacted since then. For example, the principle of gender equality in pension age was established in 2003. The status of women took a qualitative leap forward in the domain of political participation in 2008, when an election law was enacted stipulating that women must hold at least 25 per cent of the seats not only in the Sudanese federal Parliament but also in all 10 state Parliaments. In the Sudan, there is a federal Parliament in the capital city of Khartoum and there are 10 state Parliaments, one in each of the 10 federal states. Twenty-five per cent of the membership of all these parliaments is held by women through direct, free elections.

  We cherish and take pride in that progress in the Sudan. It indicates the importance we attach to promoting the status of women in our country. The Vice-President of the federal Parliament of the Sudan is a woman, and a full 66 per cent of our civil service is composed of women, making men a minority in the service. In the judiciary, there are 80 female magistrates, some of whom have become Supreme Court justices. In the field of diplomacy, many women have taken on the title of Ambassador and represent the Sudan in many of our diplomatic missions.

  
  

• Sweden

  February 23, 2012

  It is essential that every process aimed at security sector reform include a focus on sexual violence, as well as the broader security needs of women and girls. Training and capacity-building of national security actors should aim at a real shift in attitudes from a conflict management posture to the provision of security for citizens and communities, placing the person in the centre. When assessing security in the aftermath of a conflict, indicators such as women’s movement between villages and children’s school attendance should be used alongside the more traditional ones. Proper vetting procedures should be used to exclude perpetrators of sexual violence or other human rights violations from all branches of the security services. More women should be recruited and trained to serve in the security sector, including in leading positions. Specialized units for the reporting of sexual and gender-based violence should be set up, and the security sector should be placed under democratic control and supplied with accountability mechanisms, including accountability to local communities.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  We particularly wish to highlight the importance of replacing the image of women in conflict situations as humiliated, marginalized victims — with an image of active partners in the process of conflict prevention, mediation and resolution.

  It must be recognized that there has been growing awareness of the many forms of violence against women in conflict situations and of the threats that such violence poses to their security, their health and their ability to actively participate in peace processes. It is important to give women, who are the first victims of violence in all its manifestations, a primary role in peacekeeping and peace building, and it is even more important and urgent to do so in the process of conflict prevention.

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  Tunisia, for its part, has begun to implement a plan of action for the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), which, inter alia, encourages the training of women in the area of peacekeeping and peace building, in order to be able to deploy qualified personnel to United Nations missions in the field. It is intended in particular to improve pre-deployment training, with particular stress on special measures to protect women against all forms of violence.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• DPKO

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, I would like to underline that political, social and economic empowerment of women in fragile States is fundamental to eradicating discrimination, inequality and sexual and  gender-based violence. Women’s exclusion from the sectors responsible for their disempowerment must be addressed through adopting the principles of resolution 1325 (2000) and mobilizing strong political will. Political will is what it is really about

  
  

• Human Security Network

  February 23, 2012

  One of the key issues in a post-conflict country is security sector reform. Security is not a “men’s issue”; it is a gender issue, and women must be involved in all relevant discussions and negotiations from their inception, and they must also be part of the higher military ranks, which is where security-related issues are usually discussed. The gender perspective must be part of the reform and training of all security forces.

  The Human Security Network emphasizes the importance of the full and equal participation of women in political processes, including in peacemaking and peacebuilding. Their involvement ensures the success of those processes. At the same time, conflict-related sexual violence and the specific needs of women and girls have to be addressed adequately, both in ceasefire agreements and in peace agreements.

  Preventing crimes is as crucial as delivering justice and supporting the victims. To that end, we have to be able to improve the early warning systems and monitoring mechanisms already in place and to build upon them where needed. They must be capable of detecting signs of possible crimes and must mobilize the political and judicial authorities in order to prevent them. They must involve all relevant levels, from the community level to the provincial and national levels. Regional organizations can also play an important role in the creation of an efficient early warning system.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Addressing conflict-related sexual violence requires powerful and urgent leadership at the international, regional and local levels. That leadership is essential across the United Nations system and from 

  every Member State. Today, I will address three key areas in which leadership is essential: prioritizing prevention, ensuring a survivor-centric approach, and strengthening justice and accountability. 

  First and foremost, the prevention of conflictrelated sexual violence is paramount and must be the Council’s priority on this issue. The Security Council itself has underlined the  importance of prevention. 

  After the mass rapes in Walikale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, in 2010, the Council stated that all possible steps should be taken to prevent such outrages in the future. Given the political, technical and 

  financial resources required, can we say that all possible steps have been taken to prevent conflictrelated sexual violence? Can we say that to women, girls and their communities in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, or to the survivors in my country, Libya? Can we say that to the rest of the world? Have Member States and the United Nations invested all available political, technical and financial 

  resources to prevent further atrocities? If not, why not? We urge all actors to address the root causes of sexual violence. Those root causes include gender inequality, political exclusion, social and cultural stigma, militarization and the proliferation of arms. Women’s human rights and full participation cannot be ignored. In fact, women’s full and equal participation is fundamental to addressing those root causes, and 

  therefore to preventing sexual violence in conflicts.

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   Last November, I went to Guinea to meet with the survivors. A young woman, who had been gang-raped and left for dead after joining the demonstration, recalled the chilling words of one soldier: “You wanted 

  power — this is what you will get”. What was striking to me was not how many women had been scarred by that atrocity, but how many have stood back up, organized and dared to tell their stories. Their demands for recognition, justice and the removal of perpetrators from positions of power are now reflected in a joint communiqué that the Government has signed with the United Nations.  Earlier this month, a Guinean panel of judges 

  charged Lieutenant Colonel Moussa Tiegboro Camara for his alleged role in the atrocities. That is progress. It signals to the survivors that, while justice may have been delayed, it cannot be denied. In that respect, the report before the Council today (S/2012/33) is already partly out of date. It calls upon the Guinean authorities to take action against Camara. In the time between issuing the report and today’s debate, they have done so.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• China

  February 23, 2012

  to avoid and lessen the harm suffered by women in armed conflicts, we should first of all prevent wars and reduce the number of conflicts. The Security Council bears the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. To safeguard the rights and interests of women, the Council should actively engage in preventive diplomacy and promote the settlement of disputes by peaceful means, including dialogue and consultations. The mandates of the Council’s resolutions should be comprehensively and strictly implemented. They must not be abused and, even less so, exceeded. Actions to provide protection for civilians should pay particular attention to avoiding further casualties among women and children. 

  
  

• China

  February 23, 2012

  it is necessary to strengthen the participation of women in all stages of the peace process, pay attention to their status and roles, and further tap their potential. China supports women in playing a greater role in preventing and settling conflicts and in rehabilitation and reconstruction. China supports the United Nations in appointing more female senior officials, special representatives of the Secretary-General and special envoys, and especially in increasing female representation from the developing countries. 

  
  

• France

  February 23, 2012

  Sexual violence remains intolerably high. In many conflicts today, sexual violence is a weapon used to crush individuals and communities. Therefore, these acts of violence are a destabilizing factor and a threat to peace and security with, as Ms. Wallström emphasized, lasting consequences. By way of example, hundreds of Somali women refugees have been raped, sometimes in front of their husbands. Conflicts, droughts and massive displacements increase the risk of sexual violence against women and girls. In Darfur, the Government of the Sudan has shut down all clinics for the victims of rape. During the past year, more than 625 cases of sexual violence were registered by the United Nations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, we need greater resolve on ensuring the participation of women in all stages of peace processes. To take an example: the issue of sexual violence has not yet figured in most ceasefire or peace agreements. To start closing this gap an interesting new tool has been developed by DPA: New mediation guidelines, which take into account the issue of sexual violence. These guidelines, which of course cover other aspects as well, will be presented on 9 March in the German Mission. It is my pleasure to invite you all to attend this event. 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Let me conclude by saying that, our questions notwithstanding, Pakistan attaches the highest importance to and supports this important mandate. We would like to stress the need to strengthen the rule of law through a focus on national judicial systems, better training for peacekeeping troops and local police forces, and the increased participation of women in all peacemaking, peacebuilding and peacekeeping processes to help end sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. We are also supportive of the recommendations made by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the need to take steps for the legal, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the victims of sexual violence, as well as efforts to strengthen institutional safeguards against impunity for perpetrators.  

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  Some initiatives of the global community in the first decade of its adoption have been praiseworthy. The establishment of a new body, UN-Women, and the appointment of a Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict have been two significant developments that have placed women at the top of the global agenda. The Department of Peacekeeping Operations has also undertaken commendable steps for the better protection and enhanced participation of women.

  The situation is far from satisfactory, however. We are disappointed to note that violence against women and girls is still prevalent in many parts of the world suffering from armed conflict. Women and girls, we all know, suffer most as victims of such conflicts. Their suffering is compounded when they are ignored or marginalized in peace processes. Women are too often excluded from both the negotiations that make peace and the institutions that maintain it. We underscore the need to do more to ensure the safety and security of women and girls, particularly during conflict situations and in their aftermath.
   

  
  

• Bangladesh

  February 23, 2012

  The participation of women should be ensured at all stages of peace processes, including conflict prevention, peace negotiations and post-conflict reconstruction. We also believe that poverty and socioeconomic deprivation are the breeding grounds for conflict, including sexual violence against women and girls. We therefore emphasize the importance of fulfilling the economic needs of women and of engaging women at all levels and in all forms of decision-making processes. Women’s economic needs may be served by ensuring their access to and participation in income-generating and entrepreneurial activities in such areas as microcredit, vocational training and public health. Women’s engagement at all levels of decision-making may be promoted through the recruitment of women to senior-level positions. 

  
  

• Belgium

  February 23, 2012

  My second comment concerns some particular recommendations in the report, first, that concerning initiatives and modalities relating to security sector reform, It is indeed our duty to ensure that those who perpetrate, command or condone sexual violence are excluded from all branches of government, including the armed forces and police. In addition, United Nations mediators and officials also must ensure that sexual violence is included in the definition of conduct prohibited by ceasefire and peace agreements. Indeed, Belgium calls particularly for an increase in the number of women serving as mediators and special envoys. 

  
  

• Botswana

  February 23, 2012

  Botswana sincerely commends the efforts of the Secretary-General to address the under representation of women in formal peace processes. To that end, my delegation welcomes the inclusion of women in peacekeeping missions in civil, military and police functions. We also recognize that their presence may encourage women from local communities to report acts of sexual violence and other human rights abuses. In addition, efforts by national and international actors to engage women and to address gender issues in the context of combating conflict-related sexual violence must be accelerated. More concrete action should be taken to ensure that that is done. We believe that effective steps to prevent and respond to acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security.  

  
  

• Indonesia

  February 23, 2012

  The responsibility to implement relevant Security Council resolutions with a view to enhancing women’s participation in peace processes, including the protection of women from all forms of sexual violence, rests primarily with their respective Governments. At the national level, stress has been placed on national ownership of the peacebuilding process. Indonesia fully agrees with this. In effect, this means that any external support provided for the process must be demand-driven.

   

   

  
  

• Ireland

  February 23, 2012

  My second point is that women are not a footnote; and Somalia is a case study in that regard. The Secretary-General’s report sets out the scale of sexual violence in Somalia: the crimes of Al-Shabaab; the groups of men in military uniform who prey on women and girls in internally displaced camps in Mogadishu; the rapes and gang-rapes in camps in Kenya; and the chronic and largely unaddressed sexual violence in Puntland.

  The Conference on Somalia is meeting in London today, and we look forward to a substantive outcome. It is worthwhile, however, to mention an initiative of women ambassadors accredited to the African Union. The cross-regional group of women ambassadors — I might mention that the Ambassadors of Togo and Ireland were part of that group — were concerned that initial preparatory papers for the London Conference lacked any focus on the situation of women in Somalia, despite the gravity of their situation and the shared principles of resolution 1325 (2000).

  With African Union (AU) and United Nations support, the group undertook meetings with Somali women both in Nairobi and in camps of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in the Ethiopian border region. The statement from the women ambassadors, produced yesterday, is intended as an input to the London Conference. It outlines issues of concern and concludes with the urging of Somali women that the international community raise issues of gender, including with Somali leaders.

  Amid the range and gravity of the problems facing Somalia, and the imperative to advance on the political and security fronts, it is easy to see how specific issues predominantly affecting women may not be prioritized, or may be seen as symptomatic of deeper problems that, if addressed, will help to alleviate the situation of women. But the phenomenon of women as a footnote has been with us far too long. When the international community comes together in a high-profile conference, one would hope to see from the outset a strong consciousness of the gender dimension of the conflict. The time has well passed when sexual violence could be viewed as in some sense collateral damage — a regrettable but inevitable byproduct of larger forces at work.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, as committed as we are to targeting the perpetrators of sexual violence, we must give full priority to the health, safety and dignity of survivors. National and international programmes for postconflict reconstruction must ensure that their needs are met and voices heard. Adequate and timely resources are required to sustain processes that are meant to be lengthy and complex.

  
  

• Italy

  February 23, 2012

  Fourthly, there is a need to systematically include the issue of conflict-related sexual violence in the work of the Council, especially when authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping and special political missions. The progressive deployment of women’s protection advisers to United Nations missions is also critical.

  Finally, it is necessary to include women and women’s rights in peace talks. Women are formidable negotiators, mediators and peacebuilders. Their participation in preventive diplomacy is insurance against any attempt to minimize or neglect the consequences of the use of sexual violence.

  
  

• Kenya

  February 23, 2012

  The Kenyan Constitution has entrenched women’s participation in all aspects of Kenya’s governance structures and societal life in general. By promoting full and effective participation and granting the Kenyan woman her rightful place at the decision making table, Kenya has ensured that there shall be nothing about society without women’s involvement and genuine participation. But ever since the African Union/United Nations-sponsored mediation process that led to the formation of the coalition Government, Kenya has remained true to its promises and strived, against great odds, to carry out its obligations responsibly. No single, simple metric conveys better the contrast between the situation as it then was and is now. Kenya’s cooperation with the International Criminal Court and the putting in place of key legislation, such as the International Crimes Act and the Witness Protection Act, provide necessary legal safeguards for the effective prosecution of the perpetrators of post-election violence. Kenya is grateful to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for its continued support in this regard. 

  
  

• Nepal

  February 23, 2012

  Allow me to address the issue of women in promoting peace and security and what we have been trying to do to enhance the empowerment of women in general in the post-conflict situation. Nepal has come a long way after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 in terms of ensuring women’s participation at the decision-making level. The election S/PV.6722 (Resumption 1) 14 12-23937 of women to one-third of the seats in Parliament has sent a very strong signal about the unprecedented equality and empowerment of women, with deep reverberations of change in Nepalese society.

  Nepal has accorded high priority to the implementation of the many Security Council resolutions on women and peace and security as we move from conflict to durable peace, stability and economic development. In that context, Nepal is proud to stand with its distinctive five-year national action plan for the effective implementation of the Council’s resolutions on women and peace and security. We have already started the implementation of our national action plan through a multi-pronged approach whereby Parliament, Government ministries, judiciaries, political parties and civil society are involved in their respective areas. That will ensure the meaningful participation by women at all levels of the decisionmaking process of governance, including in conflict transformation and peacebuilding processes. We have also put in place mechanisms at the local level, together with some strong monitoring mechanisms, to follow up on implementation. We welcome the genuine partnership and collaboration of the international community in our endeavour. In that regard, we reiterate our conviction that partnership and cooperation must be forged for building and promoting national capacity.

  Nepal has taken a number of initiatives to take care of the special needs of women and bring them forward. It is mandatory that women participate at a rate of at least 33 per cent in the constitution of local peace committees at the district level, which are empowered to address post-conflict-related issues at the local level. Nepal has been implementing gender-based budgeting for some years, through which gender mainstreaming has been getting special attention in all development activities. Nepal has introduced a policy of affirmative action in various areas, including in the civil service, with a view to ensuring that women participate at the decision-making level in the public sector.

  We have adopted various measures to fight against sexual and gender-based violence, notably by establishing of a follow-up office in the Office of the Prime Minister, a gender violence prevention fund, and gender violence control committees in all 75 districts of the country. We are committed to expanding women and children service centres in police stations across the country to ensure the expeditious investigation and the prosecution of cases of sexual and gender-based violence. Furthermore, we are committed not only to increasing the number of women in our army and police force, but also to contributing an increasing number of them to United Nations peacekeeping operations. We have integrated the essential portion of courses on the protection of women and girls from sexual violence during and after conflict in our peacekeeping training package. Nepal is fully aware of the Secretary-General’s zero tolerance policy and has expressed its commitment to fully supporting the endeavour.
   

  
  

• Tunisia

  February 23, 2012

  We particularly wish to highlight the importance of replacing the image of women in conflict situations as humiliated, marginalized victims — with an image of active partners in the process of conflict prevention, mediation and resolution.

  It must be recognized that there has been growing awareness of the many forms of violence against women in conflict situations and of the threats that such violence poses to their security, their health and their ability to actively participate in peace processes. It is important to give women, who are the first victims of violence in all its manifestations, a primary role in peacekeeping and peace building, and it is even more important and urgent to do so in the process of conflict prevention.

  
  

• Viet Nam

  February 23, 2012

  Secondly, stopping sexual violence against women in armed conflict is closely linked with women’s empowerment and gender equality. Only when women can play a full and equal part in peace, conflict resolution and post-conflict processes can we build the foundation for international peace and security. Measures to protect women and girls from sexual violence in conflict situations should be designed as part of a broader comprehensive framework that covers social, economic and development issues. It is important that gender equality should be incorporated into all levels and stages of policymaking, reconciliation, negotiation, the management of humanitarian aid and post-conflict planning. Responding to the needs of women and girls with regard to physical security, health services, ways to ensure their livelihoods, land and property rights and employment will create favourable preconditions for the coherent and long-term implementation of necessary measures.  

  
  
•  
• UN & Civil Society Speakers

• NGOWG

  February 23, 2012

  Thirdly, survivors demand nothing less than justice and an end to impunity. Accountability for crimes of sexual violence must be included at every stage, from ceasefire agreements to all aspects of 

  post-conflict reconstruction. That is central both to preventing future crimes of sexual violence against women and to the healing of societies. At both the national and international levels, security sectors and judicial systems must address the culture of impunity for these crimes. Measures must include improved vetting of reintegrated soldiers and bringing suspected perpetrators to justice, in domestic courts where possible or through referral of situations to the 

  International Criminal Court and other international courts for prosecution. Where those systems are failing survivors, comprehensive reforms should be mandatory. Maintaining the full dignity of survivors must be at the core of all of these processes. As a Libyan, I want to emphasize the need to hold accountable all parties involved in any act of sexual violence, and to prosecute them accordingly. That includes politicians and military commanders who order or permit such acts as a weapon of war, as well as those who commit the crime. 

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

  From the Congo to Cambodia, from Bosnia to Liberia, these crimes have been neglected at the peace table and stricken from the public record. In Bosnia, I met with women who had survived the hell of rape 

  camps in the early 1990s. Sixteen years later, I expected to talk about memorials and remembrance. I expected to talk about women’s political power and economic recovery. But what we talked about was the 

  rapes that these women are living and reliving every day, as if it were yesterday. The lack of redress and justice is staggering. An estimated 50,000 rapes have led to just 30 prosecutions. When Bosnia was on the 

  Security Council, it recognized this painful reality and actively championed resolution 1960 (2010). In Cambodia last year, women organized an informal hearing to spotlight sexual violence during the 

  Khmer Rouge era, which has been left unaddressed by formal mechanisms. Collectively, they broke over thirty years of silence. I have urged the Governments of both Bosnia and Cambodia to deliver justice for 

  these victims. In Rwanda, children born of rape are coming of age and trying to find their place in society.  So rape is not over when it is over. The point is to better understand conflict-related sexual violence and 

  its consequences, to give rape a history in order to deny it a future.  

  
  

• SRSG

  February 23, 2012

   As a process of intimidation, targeted rape is often a precursor to conflict, as well as the last weapon to be relinquished in its wake. It is important not to exclude from consideration sexual violence that 

  continues after the guns fall silent. Sexual violence that is normalized, owing to impunity, or committed by recently demobilized combatants is also a security issue that requires a security response. 

   Such violence subverts efforts to cement the peace. We know that a ceasefire does not mean peace for women if the shooting ceases but the rapes continue unchecked. Such violence should be included in the 

  definition of a ceasefire and in the monitoring provisions. Monitoring teams must be gender balanced, not gender blind. But to date, just three ceasefire agreements have included sexual violence. The new 

  guidance for mediators on  addressing conflict-related sexual violence, developed by Department of Political Affairs, will fill an analytical and practical gap. 

   Modern history attests that post-war rarely means post-rape. In Liberia, I have seen how sexual violence during the civil war left a profound imprint on society. Addressing that legacy is not just a moral, but an 

  operational, imperative. It is a credibility test for the nascent military and police forces. To echo what has been said so often within these walls, impunity fuels the vicious cycle of violence. Peace is not only the 

  absence of conflict, but the presence of justice.

  
  
•  

 UN Security Council Members | Non-Security Council Member States | UN & Civil Society Speakers

• UN Security Council Members

• France

  February 23, 2012

  Lastly, it is essential to pursue our efforts to implement a zero-tolerance policy in peacekeeping operations. The United Nations system and Member States must bear their responsibilities in that regard. We should set an example. 

  
  

• Germany

  February 23, 2012

  This Council has recognized the threat of conflict-related sexual violence to peace and security. Resolutions 1820, 1888 and 1960 have been historic responses to a heinous reality. However, the disturbing situation on the ground, reflected in the recent report of the Secretary General and in today's briefings, underlines the strong imperative to “keep up the fight”.  

  
  

• Guatemala

  February 23, 2012

  Finally, we want to reiterate our support to the United Nations campaign against sexual violence in conflicts, as well as to the Secretary General’s Policy of Zero Tolerance on Sexual Exploitation and abuse by the United Nations Peacekeeping and Humanitarian personnel. We also encourage Mrs. Wallström to continue her visits to the field, and commend the five visits during the reporting period and the agreements reached with the host Governments. We trust that in this task she will engage with regional bodies to coordinate actions at the highest possible level. 

  
  

• India

  February 23, 2012

  On the part of the United Nations, there has been modest progress in areas such as gender mainstreaming in peacekeeping operations and training of peacekeeping personnel on gender perspectives. In that context, we commend Special Representative Wallström for having brought a new synergy in addressing the issue of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict. My country has taken a lead in that process, while conscious of the need to incorporate essential elements of the gender-mainstreaming policy in the predeployment training of its peacekeepers. India’s formed police unit (FPU) of 100 personnel in Liberia was the first of its kind among United Nations peacekeeping operations. As the largest troopcontributing country in United Nations history, we are very proud of the exemplary record of our peacekeepers. I might add that we are willing to increase our contribution of female FPUs. 

  
  

• Pakistan

  February 23, 2012

  Pakistan’s commitment to the United Nations agenda of peace and security needs no elaboration. For more than half a century, Pakistanis have served in United Nations peacekeeping operations in challenging circumstances. We have noted the Security Council’s enhanced emphasis on addressing violations of the human rights of children and women through new mechanisms, such as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict. Employed properly and in cooperation with concerned States and other relevant actors, such tools have the potential for good 

  
  

• Portugal

  February 23, 2012

  The Security Council has recognized that the protection of women is a critical priority for peace and security. Resolutions 1888 (2009) and 1960 (2010) have clearly established the fight against sexual violence in the agenda of this Council. The Council has created the necessary tools for obtaining reliable and accurate information on sexual violence. A common definition of sexual violence and common methodologies for data collection through monitoring and recording activities are now used throughout the system. The Council has been quite successful in discharging its responsibilities, but it still needs to reinforce its effectiveness. For instance, we need to make full use ofexisting tools, mainly ensuring deployment of women’s protection advisers in relevant peacekeeping operations, which will strengthen the prevention of and the response to sexual violence. We hope that the challenges thathave delayed the deployment of these advisers will be overcome, since their deployment in specific missions has already been requested by this Council.

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We welcome the commitments that were made by the Governments of countries of concern during the visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in relation to addressing impunity for sexual crimes and the training of security personnel. We appreciate the work done by the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict, especially its great work in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia and South Sudan.

  In the same vein, and equally important, are the pre deployment training modules that UN-Women and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations have developed. We welcome the modules that the Special Representative of the Secretary-General has developed on the protection of civilians and sexual violence with the African Union partners, under the auspices of the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre. We are of the view that the streamlining of conflict-related sexual violence across all peacekeeping training will go a long way in the efforts to comprehensively address and eradicate that evil. We would like to encourage all United Nations agencies and departments to continue to work together in an integrated and coordinated manner to effectively implement such training. We hope that we will soon see the fruits of those concerted efforts.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We are pleased with the development of a framework of early warning signs specific to conflict related sexual violence by UN-Women, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the broader United Nations system. That will assist a great deal towards preventing those heinous crimes. We equally appreciate the work of the Department of Political Affairs in producing the United Nations guidelines for mediators on addressing conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. South Africa supports the inclusion of provisions dealing with conflict-related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements, which must have a direct linkage with the increasing role of women in conflict resolution and management.

  South Africa is mindful of the fact that, if all those efforts and initiatives are to succeed, a great deal of resources and funds are required. The international community and the United Nations must do all they can to ensure that resources do not stand in the way of the implementation of all the strategies, initiatives and efforts for the complete eradication of conflict-related sexual violence. We support the call contained in the 2010 report on women’s participation in peacebuilding (S/2010/466) for the allocation of at least 15 per cent of United Nations-managed funds for post-conflict peacebuilding projects to advance gender equality, to empower women and to address women’s specific needs in peacebuilding contexts, which includes the prevention of and response to sexual violence.
   

  
  

• South Africa

  February 23, 2012

  We fully concur with the recommendation that the Security Council should systematically reflect conflict-related sexual violence in the authorization and renewal of peacekeeping mandates and the renewal of special political missions. In that respect, South Africa has always supported the call for the deployment of women protection advisers to peacekeeping and political missions in order to coordinate the implementation of conflict-related sexual violence.

  For our part, South Africa continues to increase the number of women deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. About 45 per cent of the troops we contribute to the United Nations are women, and 10 per cent of them have played leadership and commanding roles. We will continue to do our part and to contribute to international efforts to address the scourge of conflict-related sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Switzerland

  February 23, 2012

   First, prevention is a priority as it is an essential part of our efforts to protect, in which many stakeholders have a role to play. Specific and timebound commitments to put an end to all acts of sexual violence and to bring their perpetrators to justice can help to break the cycle of violence.

  We strongly support more systematic measures to enhance protection against sexual violence and prevention of its recurrence through transitional justice mechanisms. Such measures should link the fight against impunity and recognition of victims’ rights, for example through appropriate reparations, but also include strengthening the national capacity to combat the causes of violence and, at the same time, to prevent new cases.

  Secondly, in resolution 1820 (2008), the Security Council resolved to take acts of sexual violence into consideration when establishing or renewing State-specific sanctions regimes. That opportunity should not be forgotten. It thus provides the means to take targeted measures against, for example, the parties and individuals mentioned in the Secretary-General’s report on sexual violence in conflict.

  Finally, in his report, the Secretary-General calls on the parties to include training on conflict-related sexual violence in training programmes for peacekeeping troops. In that regard, I would like to draw the Council’s attention to the handbook prepared by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, entitled “Standardized Best Practices Toolkit on Gender and Policing in Peacekeeping Operations”. The handbook was co-financed by Switzerland.

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country welcomed the adoption of resolution 1325 (2000), which defines the role of women in conflict prevention, conflict management and peacebuilding. The national action plans that Member States are called upon to draw up pursuant to that resolution seem to be the most effective means for attaining the goals of the resolution.

  In that spirit, Togo has drafted an action plan to combat all forms of violence against women. My country has established nationwide support centres for women victims of violence. For 10 years now, my country has also participated in 16 days of campaigning organized from 25 November to 10 December every year. As a troop-contributing country to United Nations peacekeeping operations, Togo has also created a pre-deployment centre where military and police personnel in training are made aware of the strict prohibition of all forms of sexual violence.
   

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  In addition to those measures, which are aimed at preventing violence against women in conflict, my country reiterates the urgent need to put an end to impunity if we are to ensure that every society in the thrall of conflict, wherever it may be, draws lessons from the atrocities committed against civilians and prevents such atrocities from being repeated. In that regard, Togo welcomes the steps taken by the Secretary-General to ensure that the zero-tolerance policy regarding exploitation and sexual violence in United Nations peacekeeping operations, in conformity with paragraph 7 of resolution 1820 (2008), does not remain an empty term. 

  
  

• Togo

  February 23, 2012

  My country also supports the main initiatives launched by the United Nations to combat sexual violence in times of conflict, as set out in the report. These efforts include scenario-based pre-deployment training modules on preventing and addressing conflict-related sexual violence; analysis of early warning signs of sexual violence in times of conflict, with the aim of integrating that analysis into existing and emerging early warning and prevention systems to facilitate a rapid response; and addressing conflict related sexual violence in ceasefire and peace agreements. 

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The Secretary-General’s report (S/2012/33) on conflict-related sexual violence demonstrates the importance of having a Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict. In just the past year, she was able, together with the Team of Experts, to assemble the evidence available in the report, and to begin to address some of the horrors it describes. From the beginning, the United States has supported the Special Representative and the Team of Experts, both 

  in advocating their mandates and financing their work. It is time and money well spent.  The Special Representative has, first of all, gathered facts. We now know how rape was used to humiliate and punish during the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. We know now that 625 cases of sexual violence by warring parties were recorded by the United Nations from December 2010 to November 2011 in the North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale 

  provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. We have before us figures, dates, names of perpetrators and perpetrating forces in those countries, as well as in Burma, Somalia, the Sudan and South Sudan. We also now have information, sometimes very extensive information, about sexual violence perpetrated in post-conflict situations and situations of civil unrest, in the Central African Republic, Syria, Guinea, Nepal and elsewhere.  The Special Representative and the Team of Experts have demonstrated the extent of the problem. Their work is also increasing awareness of the issue and encouraging best practices. In the reporting period, more than 150 people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from various types of security forces, were sentenced after trial to punishment for crimes of sexual violence. A total of 9,534 Congolese survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces, including at least 1,700 children, received medical and psychosocial support. Congolese officers in two conflict-affected provinces are now receiving training from the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), to train their own soldiers on how to prevent sexual violence and deal properly with witnesses and victims. Those training modules will become the national standard for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  The United States welcomes and supports the recommendations in the Secretary-General’s report, particularly with regard to the need for all parties to conflict to make specific and time-bound commitments to cease acts of sexual violence and bring perpetrators to justice. We particularly endorse the recommendation to address conflict-related sexual violence in the context of security-sector reform initiatives, including personnel-training and civilian oversight mechanisms. The Council should continue to consider conflict related sexual violence in authorizing and renewing the mandates of peacekeeping missions, including with regard to monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements.  

  The United States will stay engaged with this issue. As part of our new, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, the United States is working to strengthen our efforts to prevent and combat conflict-related sexual violence as we advance women’s participation in preventing conflict and keeping peace. Our ultimate objective is to incorporate women and girls into our diplomatic, security, humanitarian and development efforts in conflictaffected countries, not simply as beneficiaries but as agents of peace, reconciliation, development, growth and stability.  

  
  

• United States of America

  February 23, 2012

  For example, the United States believes that it is crucial to increase women’s  participation in security forces involved in preventing conflict and building peace as one way to reduce conflict-related sexual violence. The United States funds and implements the Global Peace Operations Initiative, which has facilitated the training of 2,451 female peacekeepers worldwide. The Initiative supports instruction on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse. Beginning last year, we have supported the pre deployment training of Peruvian women peacekeepers focused on women, peace and security issues, in support of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. In Afghanistan, United States and Afghan officers provide instruction and mentoring to female soldiers in the Afghan National Army. In 2014, 10 per cent of the Afghan Military Academy’s class will be women. There are already more than 1,200 women serving in the Afghan National Police, many of whom serve in leadership positions. Preventing and combating conflict-related sexual violence is central to building lasting peace and brighter futures for countries undergoing and emerging from conflict. I cannot stress enough what a critical concern this is for my Government. Sexual violence must cease to be used as a tactic of war and intimidation. For the sake of the vulnerable and for the honour of nations, we, as the Council, must continue to support efforts to end this scourge.

  
  
•  
• Non-Security Council Member States

• Australia

  February 23, 2012

  We encourage the Council to remain seized of the need to deploy women protection advisers to peacekeeping and special political missions. The inclusion of relevant information in country-specific reports and in mission mandates must also be considered. We also join South Africa in encouraging the inclusion of more women as uniformed personnel in peacekeeping operations, and welcome India’s statement today that it is willing to increase its own contribution in this regard.

  We welcome the recent deployments of the Team of Experts on the Rule of Law and Sexual Violence in Conflict. South Sudan’s use of this expertise to guide the planning of its justice system should be particularly welcomed. Integrating the voices of women into design will better ensure gender-responsive justice systems.