Fifty Seventh United Nations General Assembly General Debate

September 12-15, 17-20, 2002

International Criminal Court: Compilation of References*

Antigua And Barbuda
H.E. Mr. Patrick Albert Lewis, Chairman Of The Delegation
20 September 2002

On June 18, 2001 Antigua and Barbuda ratified the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court, and was most pleased when on April 11, 2002 ten states simultaneously deposited instruments of ratification which brought the number of states that had ratified the statue to 66, six more than was required to bring it into force. The reality is that this had been achieved at a remarkable swift pace, demonstrating that the governments and peoples of the globe had recognized the need for the existence of such a body; and my own country had followed the process of development closely, and participated in many conferences, seminars and preparatory commissions on the subject.

The adoption of the Statute manifested a revolution in legal and moral attitudes toward some of the worst crimes on earth. Whereas many developing states have suffered under the hard yoke of globalisation, the International Criminal Court represents a plus for the globalisation process, for its principles of justice and the rule of law in international affairs. Nonetheless, much work remains to be done in obtaining worldwide ratification of the Rome Statute, ensuring that the Court will have the appropriate mechanisms in place to begin functioning as early as possible, and disseminating information to stakeholders at the national and international levels about the ICC, the Rome Statute and its supporting documents.

The fear of some states about the operation of the Court when it is effectuated next year must be overcome. The Statute has sufficient checks and balances to allay all fears, and we remain convinced that the ICC will be a legitimate judicial institution to adequately judge individuals for war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity. We reiterate our conviction that this can be done while guaranteeing states their rights, as they are protected from any interference by the Court if they pursue the given crimes at the national level; and that the prosecutor's autonomous power is accompanied by guarantees against using the Court for specious or politically motivated endeavors.

Though thrilled at the pace of development in regard to the Court, if we look closer it reveals the peripheral existence of Caribbean States. It was Trinidad and Tobago that revived the idea of the ICC after a lapse of forty-one years from the time it was first discussed. But the specific reasons for the ICC as advanced by Trinidad and Tobago and other Caribbean states have been put on the back burner. We had pleaded for a court that would try and sentence those involved in the transshipment of narcotics, of carrying out acts of terrorism, and of marine violations including those of out territorial waters. I am sure it is not lost, as you listen to me, the fact that in 1989 we had been emphasizing the need for the proposed Court to try terrorists. What is before us is the acknowledgement of the Court, which emphasizes genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. We support all the crimes identified, yet remain akin to Ralph Ellison's "Invisible Man."

Argentina
H.E. Mr. Carlos Ruckauf, Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship
17 September 2002

We stress again the permanent commitment of Argentine democracy to the international protection of human rights and United Nations' activities in that area. We want to mention our satisfaction at the entry into force of the Statute of Rome, Argentina being a founding party.

Australia
H.E. The Honourable Alexander Downer, MP Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

Australia welcomes the addition of the International Criminal Court to the international legal framework. It is an example of positive international cooperation, which will complement the efforts of states to end impunity for the worst violations of international humanitarian law.

Bahamas
H.E. The Honourable Frederick Mitchell, MP, Minister for Foreign Affairs and the Public Service
15 September 2002

The Bahamas welcomes the entry into force of the Rome Statute on 1 July 2002, and the establishment of the International Criminal Court as a critical tool in the fight against violations of humanitarian international law and crimes against humanity.

Belize
H.E. The Honourable John Briceño, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Natural Resources,The Environment, Trade and Industry
September 17, 2002

Belize continues to look toward the United Nations for the global enforcement of human rights standards. On 1 July 2002 the international community witnessed the entry into force of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.

As a State Party to the Statute, my government shall abide by its legal obligations there under and uphold the integrity of the Court. It is our hope that all peace-loving and law-abiding nations of the world shall become parties to the Rome Statute so that the universal jurisdiction of the Court can be realized.

The Court presents the hope that there shall be an end to impunity for perpetrators of genocide, other crimes against humanity and war crimes. We see this as the start of a new

system of international justice.

Brazil
Dr. Celso Lafer, Minister Of Foreign Relations Of Brazil
12 September 2002

We are committed:

• to see the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol and the establishment of the International Criminal Court;

Cameroon
S.E.M. Martin Belinga Eboutou, Ambassadeur, Représentant Permanent de la République du Cameroun
le 20 Septembre 2002

Le Cameroun est convaincu que les Etats membres de l'ONU ont, dans leur très grande majorité, la capacité et la volonté de réaliser ces réformes. Cette même capacité et cette même volonté, ils l'ont démontré en donnant naissance à la Cour Pénale Internationale, dont la première réunion des Etats parties s'est tenue icimême, il y a quelques jours.

Canada
H.E. The Honourable William Graham, Minister For Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

Such institutions may be new-as in the case of the International Criminal Court, a body that has the potential of ensuring the integrity of our international legal system, upon which so much depends for the peaceful resolution of our differences. I had the privilege of attending the inaugural meeting of the Assembly of States Parties here in New York this week, and was encouraged by the depth of international political and public support that exists for this important new body.

The people of the world want an end to impunity. They insist that their leaders no longer turn a blind eye to gross violations of international humanitarian law, such as those we witnessed in the past century. Immunity from the law is simply not acceptable. The state parties to the ICC Statute are more than willing to put into action the proposition that we can best enforce rules of law that we have arrived at by our common accord and that we are willing to have invoked against us. For the 79 states parties that attended the Assembly of States Parties, and the many observer states close to ratifying the Rome Statute, our objective remains to work resolutely and cooperatively to make this Court a reality.

The International Criminal Court represents a major change in the way the world works. The times we live in demand many such innovative approaches.

Croatia
H.E. Mr. Tonino Picula, Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

On the other hand, we can not but express our deep frustration with the continuos failure to apprehend two of the most notorious war criminals to date - namely, Karadzic and Mladic. We strongly reiterate the view that lasting stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina may only be achieved with the arrest and extradition of Karadzic and Mladic to the appropriate authorities. Bringing these two individuals to trial before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia would serve as a closure for many victims that suffered terribly. The same goes for Sljivancanin and Radic, indicted by the Tribunal for the war crimes committed on the territory of Croatia.

Having faith in the maxim no peace without justice, my Government attaches highest importance to bringing to justice all those guilty of war crimes. We are committed to maintain the good and extensive cooperation, that this Government has established with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and urge other countries in its mandate to do so. However, that does not diminish the key role that domestic trials for war crimes play in the process of healing and national reconciliation. The Croatian judiciary is willing and capable to meet these challenges.

In this spirit, the Republic of Croatia welcomed the entry into force of the Rome Statute and looks forward to the operationalization of the ICC. The establishment of the first permanent international criminal court is crucial in putting an end to the culture of impunity and selective justice. By strengthening the universal rule of law, which in turn leads to the advancement of universal peace and security, this new Court holds a promise of becoming a true guarantor of the ideals enshrined in the UN Charter.

Cuba
H.E. Mr. Felipe Pérez Roque, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

Today, when it is more threatened than ever, Cuba strongly defends the need to preserve multilateralism in international relations. That is why we have witnessed in frustration the disappointing completion of the negotiations for the establishment of an International Criminal Court, which received Cuba's support as it understood that it would be a really impartial, non-selective, efficient and truly independent body to complement the national justice systems. To de facto amend the international treaty that gave birth to the Court by using the Security Council as a means or to impose upon others humiliating bilateral agreements compelling them to violate their international obligations deriving from that instrument is not only arrogant but also irresponsible.

The International Criminal Court now flaunted is not the body that we need and have fought for, subjected to hegemonic political interests and already a potential victim of manipulation, tied from its inception to the decisions of a permanent member of the Security Council. What real international justice can be expected of a body that lacks a definition of the crime of aggression or that will receive instructions from the Security Council to either call off or postpone a trial indefinitely at the request of one of its permanent members? Who guarantees that the Court will not end up becoming an instrument at the service of interventionism and domination by the most powerful countries?

Czech Republic
H.E. Mr. Jan Kohout, Deputy Minister For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

The Czech Republic attaches great significance to the strengthening of international law and respect for human rights. We are determined to seek early finalization of a general UN convention on international terrorism. We also welcome the establishment of the International Criminal Court.

I believe that the Czech Republic will in the near future join the large group of parties to the Rome Statute.

Denmark on behalf of the European Union
H.E. Anders Fog Rasmussen , Prime Minister
12 September 2002

People do not, need revenge; they want justice. They do not wish for impunity; they want accountability. This is what the International Criminal Court is about. We now have a permanent international Court that can bring those accused of war crimes and other perpetrators of the most serious crimes of international concern to trial.

The European Union supports the ICC as an important historic milestone. It reflects a new level of international co-operation. We are confident that the ICC will contribute to strengthening the respect for international humanitarian law and human rights.

The European Union expresses its strong hope that countries that, at present, have reservations about the Statute will join as soon as possible. We believe that the court will prove to be an effective, competent and fair legal instrument.

Dominica
H.E. The Honourable Osborne Riviere, Minister For Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The historic entry into force of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court takes us one step further in the fight against impunity of war crimes and crimes against humanity. The Commonwealth of Dominica's accession to the Statute of the ICC in January 2001 is indicative of our support for the establishment of a permanent international court that will bring the perpetrators of the most serious international crimes to justice. In this regard, the ICC must seek to prevent or penalize terrorist related crimes, which may be localized in action but may have severe global consequences.

Finland
H.E. Mr. Erkki Tuomioja, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The creation of the International Criminal Court has been in gestation for many years and can be regarded as one of the major achievements of the United Nations. It was not primarily created to deal with terrorism but the importance of the ICC has obviously

grown, not diminished, after September the 11th. The ICC is a long-standing goal of Finland and the European Union and we must not allow it to be undermined. The ICC must not become an issue of international dispute. We must safeguard it as an effective and independent judicial institution, so that we can convince those states that remain outside it to join us in making it truly universal

France
H.E. Mr. Dominique De Villepin, Minister For Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

Let us strengthen the authority and universality of the International Criminal Court. It will mean that the most serious crimes at world level do not go unpunished. This new instrument is essential to build a fairer and more democratic world where the principle of liability will be fully assumed.

Gabon
Son Excellence Monsieur Jean Ping, Ministre D'etat, Ministre des Affaires Étrangères, de la Coopération et de la Francophonie
le 15 Septembre 2002

Les violations flagrantes des droits de l'homme auxquelles on a assisté ces dernières années doivent nous amener à renforcer et à respecter le droit international humanitaire.

C'est dans cet èsprit que le Gabon salue l'entrée en vigueur le 1er juillet 2002 du statut de Rome créant la Cour Pénale internationale qui a compétence de juger les auteurs des crimes de génocide, des crimes contre l'humanité, des crimes de guerre et d'agression.

The Gambia
H.E. Mr. Baboucarr-Blaise Ismaila Jagne, Secretary Of State For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

After years of hard work and tough negotiations, we finally succeeded in establishing the

International Criminal Court with the entry into force of the Rome Statute. We salute the tireless efforts of all those who contributed in one way or another to this huge success. It is our fervent hope that the Court, with the active collaboration of all like-minded states, will act as an effective instrument in the fight against international crimes of all sorts and by extension, extinguish the culture of impunity.

Germany
H.E. Mr. Joschka Fischer, Deputy Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

Cooperative global security will have to measure up to the binding legal framework in which it is embedded. It is imperative for the globalization processes to be flanked by a growing set of international rules because international law and the rule of law constitute the indispensable foundations for peaceful and ordered coexistence. That is why the establishment of the International Criminal Court is so important to us. Its Statute entered into force on 1 July; Germany, along with all other members of the EU, is among the 79 states to have ratified it. The Assembly of States Parties gave the green light this week for the establishment of the Court. Next spring we will celebrate it's opening in The Hague. The Criminal Court is now to start work as soon as possible and as efficiently as possible. But it must not be weakened in its work from the outset.

Hungary
H.E. Mr. László Kovács, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Hungary has, from the very beginning, given its strong support to the establishment of the International Criminal Court. ICC has become the first major multilateral legal institution in the twenty-first century. We were proud to become a State Party to the Statute of the ICC among those whose ratification helped the entering into force of the Statute this year.

We firmly concur with the view that international law would be strengthened through this new legal institution.

As a sign of our deep commitment to the Rome Statute, my Government has decided to nominate a candidate to the judges of ICC. I am confident that the election of a Hungarian judge would contribute to the genuine realization of the objectives set out in the Rome Statute.

Iceland
H.E. Mr. Halldór Ásgrímsson
Minister for Foreign Affairs and External Trade
17 September 2002

Iceland strongly welcomes the entry into force of the Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court (ICC). We urge all States, which have not already done so, to ratify or accede to the Statute with the aim of achieving universality in the fight against impunity for the most serious international crimes.

The ICC certainly is one of the major accomplishments of the international community in strengthening the international legal system. Some concerns have been voiced with regard to the possible abuse of the Rome Statute. These concerns should be carefully studied with an open mind without prejudice to the effective functioning of the ICC.

Jamaica
H.E. Mr. Stafford Neil, Chairman Of The Delegation
18 September 2002

One of the important areas of contribution of the United Nations is in the development of international law as a means of promoting universally accepted rules, and creation of amultilateral legal regime to achieve common goals. The most recent achievement is the Rome Statute on the International Criminal Court (ICC) which came into force in July.Another outstanding example is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. This year, the international community will be observing the 20fl' Anniversary of itssignature which took place at Montego Bay, Jamaica on December 10, 1982. The immense significance of this Convention in safeguarding the interests of all countries inexploitation of ocean resources and in maritime issues has been widely acknowledged. We applaud the work being carried out by the two institutions which have evolved out ofthe Convention - the International Seabed Authority (ISA) which is entrusted with the implementation of the concept of the common heritage of mankind and the InternationalTribunal on the Law of the Sea as the forum for resolving maritime disputes under the Convention.

Jordan
H.E. Mr. Marwan Muasher, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

In closing, I would like to warmly welcome the establishment of the International Criminal Court and the entry into force of its Statute. Our expectation is that the Court will reinforce the great principles and purposes of the United Nations itself. Let me underline our absolute support for all efforts aiming at strengthening the United Nations system and its revitalization, including the ongoing structural reform exercise and the review of Security Council membership with a view to its expansion in order to make it more representative of the new international realities on the ground.

Lesotho
H.E. The Right Honourable Pakalitha Bethuel Mosisili, Prime Minister And Minister For Defense And Public Service
15 September 2002

The government of Lesotho reveres the coming into force of the statute of the international criminal court, a momentous period when the countries of the world affirmed their intolerance of those who commit crimes against humanity, with impunity. We therefore invite those states that have not yet done so, to become party to the statute, so that we may embark on this noble but difficult pursuit in solidarity.

Liechtenstein
H.E. Mr. Ernst Walch, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

In looking back, we realize today that our spirit of working together was short-lived and has not extended to all areas. After the terrorist attacks, there was a recognition that international terrorism can only be fought successfully if all States and nations work together. This raised hopes for an era of genuine multilateral ism. However, these hopes vanished quickly and were replaced by unilateralism and confrontation. One example of such confrontation were the debates on the International Criminal Court, which extended even to the Security Council of the United Nations. Holding these debates implied, ironically, that the International Criminal Court jeopardized peacekeeping operations of the United Nations. As a State Party to the Rome Statute, we have welcomed the entry into force of the Statute on 1 July as a true landmark in the history of international justice. We remain fully committed to preserving the integrity of the ICC Statute as adopted by the Diplomatic Conference in Rome and as ratified by 79 States. We found it therefore disquieting that the Council dealt with the International Criminal Court in a manner suggesting that the Court posed a threat to international peace and security.

Luxembourg
S.E. Mme Lydie Polfer, Ministre des Affaires Etrangères et du commerce Extérieur
le 14 Septembre 2002

Le droit international a été renforcé considérablement lors de l'entrée en vigueur du Statut de Rome de la Cour Pénale Internationale le le` juillet. Il s'agit là d'une avancée majeure dans le processus de promotion de l'État de droit et de lutte contre l'impunité. Il convient aujourd'hui d'appuyer cette jeune institution de toutes nos forces. Elle constitue le garant du souhait de protection si profondément ancré en chacun de nous. La ratification la plus large possible du Statut de la Cour doit rester un objectif essentiel de la communauté internationale. L'Union européenne oeuvre activement en ce sens pour que la Cour ait un caractère réellement universel.

The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia
H.E. Mr. Slobodan CASULE
Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 17, 2002

The Republic of Macedonia has been from the very beginning a strong supporter- for the

establishment of the International Criminal Court and one of the first sixty states to ratify the Rome Statute, which entered into force on July 1, 2002. We support the efforts for the ICC to become truly universal, while believing that the concerns expressed regarding the possibility of politically 'motivated procession can be addressed in a way that would not compromise its spirit.

Mali
S.E.M Lassana Traore, Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres et des Maliens de L'exterieur
le 19 Septembre 2002

La création de la Cour pénale internationale dont le statut a été adopté à Rome, permettra non seulement de juger les auteurs des crimes les plus graves et attentatoires à la dignité de la personne humaine, mais elle sera également un instrument de dissuasion, susceptible de contribuer au maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales.

A cet égard, mon pays réitère sa pleine adhésion à la lutte contre l'impunité et pour le plein respect de la dignité humaine.

Il lance un appel aux pays qui n'ont pas encore adhéré au Statut de la Cour Pénale Internationale, à le faire afin de renforcer la légitimité de cette institution.

Malta
H.E. The Honourable Dr. Joe Borg , Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The new International Criminal Court finds its roots in the atrocities carried out during the last century - not least in the Nuremberg trials. The ICC is thus a product of the lessons learnt over time and the widespread political will that has led to the creation of a credible deterrent to would-be perpetrators of the most heinous crimes. The ICC thus provides an effective, competent and fair forun where these may be tried.

The establishment of the Court also represents a major breakthrough in international law; one which has become more, and not less crucial, now that terrorism has imposed itself high on our international agenda.

Marshall Islands
H.E. Mr. Alfred Capelle, Chairman Of The Delegation
20 September 2002

May I take this opportunity to congratulate the international community on its support for the newly established International Criminal Court. The Marshall Islands is hopeful and confident that the Court will prove to be a powerful mechanism in the administration of justice at the international level. We are, however, currently considering the making of a Bilateral Agreement under Article 98 of the Rome Statute, and will determine this issue after a careful assessment of the implications of such an Agreement.

Mauritius
H.E. The Right Honourable Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister
13 September 2002

The establishment of the International Criminal Court marks a watershed in the quest of mankind to put an end to impunity and bring those responsible for crimes against humanity, genocide and international crimes to justice.  The ICC is the single most important institution of this millennium and it is the duty of the international community to fully support it.

Mexico
H.E. Mr. Jorge Castañeda Gutman, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

As part of the Mexican government's efforts to strengthen the rule of law, the Mexican Senate is currently studying a draft Constitutional amendment that would allow our country to ratify the Rome Statute that created the International Criminal Court. This reform would involve granting recognition to the international courts created by treaties to which Mexico is a party, as well as ensuring compliance with their resolutions and sentences. The amendment represents a decisive step forward in incorporating and ensuring the effectiveness of the standards of international law within our domestic environment, especially those related to the protection of human rights.

Mexico welcomes the recent entry into force of the International Criminal Court, a crucial event that reflects the determination of the community of nations to create an international system based on universal standards. However, we believe that the establishment of agreements by those who seek to prevent a given category of persons from being subject to the jurisdiction of International Criminal Court represents a grave step backward for international law. Those agreements threaten the universal reach of the provisions of the Rome Statute, they alter the spirit that led to its creation and undermine the efforts of the community of States to eliminate impunity in cases of extremely serious crimes. We call on the members of the international community to assist in consolidating the authority of the International Criminal Court, which has demanded so much time and effort to erect.

Moldova
H.E. Mr. Ion Botnaru, Chairman Of The Delegation
20 September 2002

My country welcomes the coming into force on July 1 of this year of the Rome Statute of

the International Criminal Court, which inaugurated a new era in the affirmation of

fundamental human rights on a world stage. Moldova started preparations in order to join the ICC, which we believe will become an effective, competent and fair legal instrument.

Monaco
Son Altesse Perenissimele Prince Hereditaire Albert de Monaco, President de la Delegation Monegasque
le 17 Septembre 2002

Me référant au principe fondamental de justice et aux valeurs morales qui inspirent si profondément notre organisation, il m'appartient de rappeler combien nous nous félicitons de la récente entrée en vigueur du Statut de Rome de la Cour Pénale Internationale.

Mongolia
H.E. Mr. Luvsan Erdenechuluun, Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Mongolia believes that the International Criminal Court, established on 1 July, could be instrumental in ending impunity and upholding justice, deterring future crimes and further strengthening international criminal law. As one of its founding members, Mongolia also believes that the widest possible accession to the Court will broaden the geographic scope of the Court's jurisdiction and thus of ending impunity for acts of genocide, war crimes and crimes

against humanity. The Court's jurisdiction should eventually cover the crime of aggression.

Namibia
H.E. Mr. Hidipo Hamutenya, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

In conclusion, I would like to state Namibia's position on the International Criminal Court (ICC); and this is to say that few individuals, who commit heinous crimes against humanity, do undermine international peace and security. When those who commit serious crimes go unpunished, murder and torture carry no risk. Rather, they encourage even more crimes. The entry into force of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, on 1 July 2002, represents a historic day for international justice.

As a state party to the ICC, Namibia has noticed with great concern the adoption of Security Council Resolution 1422, under chapter VII of the UN Charter, as if the ICC was a threat to peace or an act of aggression. In this context, we call upon those states which are not party to the Statute to become party to it.

Republic of Nauru
H.E. Rene R. Harris, M.P, President & Minister Of Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

At the international level, my Government is pleased with the outcome of the First Assembly of State Parties to the International Criminal Court, which concluded only a few days ago. The Assembly has put into effect the operational aspects of the Court, and we join with others in wishing the International Criminal Court the very best as it pursues its worthwhile objectives. We also share our concerns against those who promote bilateralism to devalue the universality of the rule of international law.

New Zealand
H.E. The Honourable Phil Goff, Minister for Foreign Affairs And Trade
14 September 2002

An important landmark in the last year has been the entry into force of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.

As the culmination of longstanding efforts by NGO's, Governments and the international community as a whole, it offers the prospect of bringing justice to the victims of the most horrific crimes known to mankind, and bringing their perpetrators to justice. It will serve as a deterrent where none has existed before.

We have listened carefully to those who argue that the Court is not necessary and that it unduly jeopardizes their peacekeepers, but we cannot agree. The status quo - relying on domestic jurisdiction alone - has failed humankind throughout history and has borne

witness to appalling crimes. The new regime has carefully built in safeguards to protect the innocent.

We were dismayed by the actions of the Security Council in July. At that time we challenged both the legitimacy and substance of the Council's action. We do not believe that it was consistent with the Rome Statute or that the Council is able to arrogate to itself

the power to change treaty relationships.

Norway
H. E. Mr. Kjell-Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister
12 September 2002

The entry into force of the International Criminal Court is unprecedented. The Court represents a decisive step towards the end of impunity for the most serious crimes against humanity. We need an independent, effective and credible Court. We must work together to promote wide adherence to the Rome Statute. The goal must be a universally accepted International Criminal Court, so that no perpetrator of crimes against humanity and mass killings can feel safe.

Poland
H.E. Mr. Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The enactment of the statute of the International Criminal Court is one such achievement. It turns a new page in both international relations and international law. It is Poland's desire for the treaty establishing the Court to become one of the most universal documents of its kind. We trust that the existing divergences between respective stands and views can be resolved through dialogue and compromise, according to international law. We have to act so as not to disappoint the hopes and expectations, which the international community places in the Court.

Portugal
H.E. Mr. Antonio Martins Da Cruz, Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Portugal is proud to be among the founding members of the International Criminal Court. The coming into force of the Rome Statute, on July 1St of this year, inaugurated a new, era in the fight against impunity and in the affirmation of fundamental human rights on a global scale.

The standardization of the most serious crimes and the permanent nature of the ICC will provide the predictability that is indispensable for the effective exercise of its function of deterrence.

It is important to underline that the ICC will act in accordance with the principle of complementarily, and the Portuguese government will continue actively to support the measures with a view to the efficient functioning of the ICC.

We believe that the elections for the first group of Judges of the ICC will be a decisive step to guarantee the competence, seriousness and credibility of the Court.

Romania
H.E. Mr. Mircea Geoana, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The violent conflicts over the last decade awoke the world to the need for action against the horror of war crimes. The entry into force on 1st July of the International Criminal Court Statute represents a very significant step forward. Romania ratified the International Criminal Court Statute this year and remains deeply committed to ensuring that the Court should function effectively as a viable and necessary instrument of international law.

San Marino
H.E. Mr. Augusto Casali, Minister For Foreign And Political Affairs
18 September 2002

I would like to recall that the Statute of the International Criminal Court entered into force on lst July 2002. With this formal achievement, the community of States has made a great leap forward towards the progress of international law, the Court being not only a judiciary institution created to prosecute genocide and crimes against humanity, but also

clear evidence of the will, at an international level, to avoid that impunity be granted, as is too often the case, to the perpetrators of atrocious and intolerable crimes against

peoples or individuals.

Also because of the role of guarantor recognized to this institution, the Republic of San Marino participated in the celebration of the 4th Anniversary of the Court on 17 July

2002 and was the first State in Europe to ratify its Statute. My Government believes that the International Criminal Court does not endanger, in any way, the international peace keeping forces, on the contrary, the Court further guarantees their protection through the articles of its Statute. For this reason, my Country hopes that the International Criminal Court will be joined and supported by as many Countries as possible, also in terms of practical solutions not altering the Statute of Rome and guaranteeing the continuity of peace operations.

Samoa
H.E. The Honourable Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

We applaud the entry into force of the Rome Statute that established the International Criminal Court. Samoa has now ratified the Statute.

The Court will bring to justice those who commit genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. It is therefore a major achievement, and a significant step in the protection of human rights and in upholding international humanitarian standards. To that end the Court deserves every support, to allow it the strength of universality and the rule of law. We need to ensure not to undermine it in any way.

Senegal
S.E.M. Cheikh Tidiane Gadio, Ministre des Affaires Étrangeres
le 17 Septembre 2002

Vous le savez déjà, le Sénégal a été le premier pays au monde à ratifier le Statut de Rome portant création de la Cour Pénale Internationale (CPI), Statut dont mon Pays se félicite de son entrée en vigueur le 11 juillet 2002.

En nous félicitant également des résultats encourageants de la Première Assemblée des Etats Parties qui s'est tenue la semaine dernière, nous voudrions redire ici, solennellement, notre attachement indéfectible à la CP1 ainsi que notre engagement à tout mettre en oeuvre pour lui assurer l'indépendance et la crédibilité nécessaires à l'éradication de l'impunité dans le monde.

C'est cet engagement qui a motivé la décision du Gouvernement du Sénégal de présenter un candidat au poste de juge à la CPI en la personne de l'un de ses meilleurs magistrats et spécialistes du droit pénal.

Slovenia
H.E. Mr. Milan Kucan, President
13 September 2002

…The principle of humanitarian intervention is beginning an important process of implementing global ethics in the governance of this globalize and increasingly interdependent world. It is also a clear message to the authors of international law and to international judiciary institutions. One of the cornerstones for the next chapter in international law was erected, as was also done with the International Criminal Court. No one has responsibility only towards themselves anymore. State sovereignty is no longer untouchable. Everyone also has a responsibility towards global society for their actions, for in an increasingly integrated world the actions of one easily affect others.

Spain
Her Excellency Mrs. Ana Palacio, Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

…In this same context, the International Criminal Court is an essential legal instrument to ensure that serious violations of fundamental rights do not remain unpunished. Notwithstanding its subsidiary nature, it represents the most significant progress in the structuring of the international community since the UN Charter.

Sweden
Her Excellency Ms. Anna Lindh, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

Human rights are often spoken about, but we also need to put power behind the words. The creation of the International Criminal Court is a remarkable achievement in the progressive development of international law. Its fundamental purpose is to eliminate impunity for crimes against humanity, genocide and war crimes. We all need to carefully safeguard the integrity of the Rome statute, so that its object and purpose will not be undermined.

Switzerland
H.E. Mr. Joseph Deiss, Federal Counsellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

We are also convinced that the International Criminal Court will ensure the better application of international humanitarian law. This new court is an essential tool for dealing with serious violations of the fundamental freedoms. We will therefore remain on our guard to ensure that it can function efficiently. And we will pursue our efforts to convince those states which have not yet signed or ratified the Rome Statute of the need for such a court.

Trinidad And Tobago
H.E. Mr. Philip Sealy, Chairman Of The Delegation
15 September 2002

Mr. President, Trinidad and Tobago remains committed to the international rule of law and to justice for all. Our role in the re-introduction onto the international agenda of the idea of the creation of a permanent international criminal court in 1989 is well known and, since that time, Trinidad and Tobago has not ceased to promote support for this Court, both regionally and internationally. It continues to be the hope of my Government that, at the Review Conference of 2009, the crimes of drug-trafficking and terrorism will also be included within the jurisdiction of the Court.

It is noteworthy that many States regard the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court as the single most important international instrument since the adoption of the UN Charter. The successful conclusion of the First Assembly of States Parties to the Statute last week was a positive step towards the operational phase of the Court, which now stands as a permanent warning to would-be perpetrators of the crimes within its jurisdiction that impunity will no longer be tolerated by the international community, and that justice will be assured, to their victims. In the election of judges to that Court, Trinidad and Tobago would, as a small State, consider it an honour to have one of its nationals so elected, in order to continue its contribution to the cause of international criminal justice.

But justice for all victims of the most heinous crimes of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity will only be assured when this most recently created international criminal tribunal gains the widest possible acceptance. We therefore encourage those States that have not yet done so to ratify or accede to the Statute.

Mr. President, in order to ensure that the Court will truly achieve the goals for which it was established, the States Parties must stand together in their efforts to preserve the integrity of the

Statute to which they have committed themselves and must, with one accord, resist any attempts to undermine the effectiveness and independence of the Court.

Ukraine
H.E. Mr. Anatoliy Zlenko, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The United Nations is capable of utilizing its consolidating force in the strengthening of the legal basis of international relations. We highly value the contribution of the United Nations to this process, which brought into force the Rome Statute and led to the establishment of the International Criminal Court. This mechanism of international justice was designed to protect and strengthen the principle of supremacy of law, to eliminate impunity and to provide accountability for the commission of such serious criminal acts as aggression, genocide, crimes against humanity and military crimes.

Today it is highly important to ensure the effectiveness of the Court and to preserve the integrity of its Statute.

United Arab Emirates
H.E. Mr. Rashid Abdullah Al-Noaimi, Minister For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

As international society faces more challenges, we become more aware of the importance of compliance to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and respect to the sovereignty of the international Law in solving, by peaceful means, disputes and conflicts, and instances of occupation.

Uruguay
H.E. Dr. Didier Opertti, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 17, 2002

We retain our optimism in the face of all these challenges and wish to highlight two positive developments, which indicate that the international community is moving in the right direction. First, the establishment of the International Criminal Court will contribute to the maintenance of international peace by preventing and punishing the most serious international crimes that individuals can commit. By signing and ratifying the Rome Statute, Uruguay indicated its willingness to contribute to the important process of the development and strengthening of international law, through the establishment of permanent legal institutions.

* This compilation does not include statements delivered in Arabic or Spanish. Please check back for updates.