Fifty Seventh United Nations General Assembly General Debate

September 12-15, 17-20, 2002

Iraq: Compilation of References*

Albania
H.E. Mr. Ilir Meta, Deputy Prime Minister And Minister For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

We have followed with deep concern the developments in the Middle East, and the threats that the regime of Sadam Hussein incurs to the security, peace and the global solidarity against the state-backed terrorism. The Albanian Government reiterates its position, which demands the full compliance by Iraq with the relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. Any hesitation or indecisiveness to implement the UN decisions and its Resolutions regarding Iraq is a challenge to the international community and could bring about grave consequences to the peace and global security. We are convinced that, at this moment, as President Bush reiterated a few days ago, "we can not stand by and do nothing while dangers gather. We must stand up for our security and for the permanent right and the hopes of mankind".

Andorra
H.E. Mr. Juli Minoves-Triquell, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

In relation to Iraq, Andorra supports the role of the United Nations and we shall follow carefully the debates in the Security Council.

Argentina
H.E. Mr. Carlos Ruckauf, Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship
17 September 2002

My country, along with the rest of the international community, has consistently called on the government of Iraq to accept immediately and without conditions the United Nations' inspectors these inspectors represent all of us inspecting one of us. There are no reasons to refuse the inspections if there is nothing to conceal. Therefore, Argentina welcomes the announcement made by the secretary general that Iraq finally agreed to let the inspectors in without conditions. We hope that Iraq fulfills its promise in good faith.

Armenia
H.E. Mr. Vartan Oskanian, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The situation in the Middle East, in Afghanistan and around Iraq, remains a continuing example of the need for a vibrant and strengthened United Nations, able to assert the will of the organization's membership, and empowered with greater authority to implement its decisions.

Australia
H.E. The Honourable Alexander Downer, MP Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

This state of affairs cannot be left unresolved. Iraq must give immediate, unconditional and unrestricted access to inspectors to all areas, facilities, equipment, records and Iraqi officials.

In short, Iraq must fulfill the requirements of all relevant Security Council resolutions.

If Iraq has nothing to hide, then it has nothing to fear. Indeed, by meeting these demands, Iraq and its people have everything to gain.

Let us also be very clear: Iraq's flagrant and persistent defiance is a direct challenge to the United Nations, to the authority of the Security Council, to international law, and to the will of the international community.

We cannot stand by and allow ourselves to be ignored. Nor must protracted negotiations be allowed to weaken and eventually paralyze efforts to allay fears about Iraq's weapons of mass destruction.

Austria
Her Excellency Dr. Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The Middle East has also garnered the attention of the international community in the context of the danger of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The growing tensions result from the continued non-compliance with UN Security Council resolutions by Iraq. The potential perils of weapons of mass destruction endangering world peace by such policies should not and cannot be tolerated. For that reason Austria supports the tireless efforts of the Secretary General to bring about the speedy unfettered and unconditioned return of UN weapons inspectors to Iraq and the full compliance with the obligations contained in all relevant Security Council resolutions.

Austria welcomes the statement of President George W. Bush seeking broad international and multilateral support and co-operation with the SC on the issue of how to deal with the threat emanating from regimes that support terror or seek to acquire weapons of mass destruction. Only the Security Council can' provide the legitimacy we need. At the same time it is evident that the Security Council itself has to take responsibility for ensuring full compliance with its resolutions in order to maintain world peace.

Bahrain
H.E. Shaikh Mohammed Bin Mubarak Al-Khalifa. Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The Arab Summit, held in Beirut last March, affirmed the necessity and importance of security and stability in the Gulf region and of the restoration of an atmosphere conducive to the return of normal relations among the states of the region. It called upon Iraq to complete the implementation of Security Council resolutions relevant to the situation between Iraq and Kuwait, especially those relating to the Kuwaiti and other nationality prisoners of war, to cooperate with the United Nations with a view to alleviating the suffering of the people of Iraq, and to avoid any confrontation that may threaten the states and people of the region and the unity and territorial integrity of Iraq, and which may be taken as a pretext for interference in its internal affairs.

Bangladesh
H.E. Mr. Morshed Khan, MP
Minister for Foreign Affairs
18 September 2002

We welcome the announcement made in Baghdad with regard to the return of the weapons' inspectors, and see this as a significant step towards fulfilling obligations under Security Council resolutions.

Belarus
H.E. Mr. Mikhail Khvostov, Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

The Republic of Belarus believes that the UN Security Council should play a key role in maintaining international peace and security, including the situation around Iraq. In this regard, Belarus welcomes the recent decision of the Government of the Republic of Iraq to allow the immediate and unconditional return of the UN weapons inspectors to this country.

We are convinced that any actions or intentions to evade the authority of the UN Security Council stipulated by the UN Charter as well as non-fulfillment by states of the decisions of the UN Security Council undermine the legal basis of the existing system of international relations and jeopardize the fundamentals of the international legal order.

Belgique
S.E.M. Louis Michel, Vice Premier Ministre et Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres de la Belgique
le 15 septembre 2002

Enfin, Monsieur le Président, j'en termine par une question qui représente, à mes yeux, un enjeu de dimension planétaire. La question iraquienne nous interpelle tous, parce qu'elle en appelle à un questionnement sur plusieurs plans, comme, par exemple, la nécessité de conjurer le risque d'une menace majeure pour la communauté internationale, comme, par exemple, pour garantir la crédibilité de notre Organisation, comme, par exemple, le fait de savoir si oui ou non un pays possède des armes de destruction massive capables d'infliger la mort à des millions de personnes, comme, par exemple, le fait de savoir si un pays bafoue ses obligations à l'égard des Nations Unies ou encore sur le fait de savoir si une intervention militaire unilatérale à titre préventif pose ou non un problème de doctrine en droit international.

Toutes ces questions sont au cœur de notre Organisation, sont au coeur de ses missions, sont au cœur de ses responsabilités politiques, individuelles et collectives. Je veux rappeler avec force que chacun d'entre nous, en signant la Charte des Nations Unies, y a solennellement souscrit et adhéré. C'est pourquoi, au nom de mon pays, je désire adresser un appel dépourvu d'ambiguité à l'Iraq. Je demande formellement et solennellement aux Autorités iraquiennes qu'elles exécutent, séance tenante et sans conditions, les résolutions des Nations Unies. Seule cette attitude de respect de notre Organisation, de ce que nous sommes collectivement, peut éviter le recours à la force. J'en appelle aux Autorités iraquiennes pour qu'elles saisissent cette ultime opportunité.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
H.E. Mr. Zlatko Lagumdzija, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

Last year we were all rightly focused on Afghanistan as well as today we are concerned about future steps regarding Iraq as a great threat to world stability and shelter for terrorism.

… The time has come to salute the new image of my country and to start rebranding perception of the region which is no more "Balkan ghosts stereotype area". But, at the same time great concerns like Iraq, Middle East, and Kashmir should.not let us to forget that Balkan is good news as much as we all invest additional efforts to finish the job of fully integrating the region in European democratic structures and values.

Brazil
Dr. Celso Lafer, Minister Of Foregn Relations Of Brazil
12 September 2002

The use of force at the international level is only admissible once all diplomatic alternatives have been exhausted. Force must only be exercised in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and in a manner consistent with the determinations of the Security Council. Otherwise, the credibility of the Organization will be undermined in a manner that is not only illegitimate, but that also gives rise to situations of precarious and short-lived stability.

In the specific case of Iraq, Brazil believes that it is incumbent on the Security Council to determine the necessary measures to ensure full compliance with the relevant resolutions. The exercise by the Security Council of its responsibilities is the way to reduce tensions and to avoid risking the unpredictable consequences resulting from wider instability.

Bulgaria
H.E. Mr. Georgi Parvanov, President
12 September 2002

Iraq has been of a focus of attention of the United Nations for the past 12 years. The full implementation of Security Council resolutions concerning Iraq is of urgent importance. We expect Iraq to comply with these resolutions promptly and without any conditions. The Security Council should undertake actions in order to uphold its authority and credibility as the single international body responsible for the maintenance of world peace and security. Bulgaria will support all relevant decisions in this respect.

Burkina Faso
S.E.M Youssouf Ouedraogo, Ministre D'etat des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Regionale
le 19 Septembre 2002

S'agissant plus particulièrement de l'Irak, le Burkina Faso se réjouit de ce que la raison ait prévalu car nous demeurons convaincus qu'une intervention préventive unilatérale, en dehors de celle autorisée par le Conseil de Sécurité, aurait eu des conséquences incalculables pour la paix mondiale.

A cet effet, il convient de saluer le geste courageux du gouvernement irakien qui vient d'accepter le retour des inspecteurs des Nations Unies à Bagdad. Nous souhaitons ardemment que ce modus vivendi débouche enfin sur une résolution définitive de cette crise, d'autant plus que les sanctions imposées à ce pays font injustement du peuple irakien un peuple martyr.

Sur cette question des sanctions, le Burkina Faso a toujours dit haut et fort qu'en plus de leur caractère inique, elles ne résolvaient pas véritablement les problèmes de fond et qu'au contraire elles étaient contre - productives. C'est la raison pour la quelle nous demandons la levée des sanctions contre l'Irak, Cuba, l'Iran et la Libye dans l'affaire de Lockerbie.

Canada
H.E. The Honourable William Graham, Minister For Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

We also meet here today in an atmosphere of deepening tensions caused by Iraq's continued flouting the will of the international community and the differing opinions that prevail around us on how to address this situation and bring this crisis to an end. Let there be no doubt, at the origin of today's tensions is the persistent refusal of the Iraqi government to comply with its obligations to us all under United Nations Security Council resolutions.

For the past 11 years, Iraq has refused to demonstrate that it has abandoned its chemical, biological and nuclear weapon research and development programs, and even today it remains unwilling to do so. But let there also be-no doubt: bringing Iraq into conformity with its international obligations must be the work of us all-together.

We believe that our ability to find a solution to this challenge-one that is consistent with and, indeed, that reinforces the international framework that we have so painstakingly constructed since the last devastating world war-will define this generation and create precedents that may determine the future direction of our world. It is with this in mind that Canada welcomes the powerful messages delivered here today by President Bush affirming his country's commitment to work with the Security Council of the United Nations in resolving this serious threat to our collective peace and security.

We therefore urge Iraq to seize this opportunity without delay, and to grant immediate and unconditional access to UN weapons inspection teams in compliance with its UN Security Council obligations. The onus is clearly on the Government of Iraq to take this step now. The onus is equally on us to ensure that our international institutions emerge from this crisis reinforced and strengthened.

Cambodia
H.E. Mr. Hor Namhong, Senior Minister, Minister For Foreign Affairs And International Cooperation
18 September 2002

Second, with regard to the Iraqi situation, Cambodia believes that the acceptance by Iraq for the return of the UN weapons inspectors is an important step which will certainly contribute to diffuse the situation in the region.

Chile
Her Excellency Mrs. Soledad Alvear, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

… We share the sense of urgency on the part of the international community for the Government of Iraq to abide by the resolutions of the Security Council, so as to contribute to regional and global security.

China
H.E. Mr. Tang Jiaxuan, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

We stand for a political settlement of the Iraqi issue. The United Nations should play an important role in this regard. Iraq should implement the relevant Security Council resolutions in a faithful and strict manner.

Croatia
H.E. Mr. Tonino Picula, Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

We also call for Iraq's full compliance with its international obligations regarding the possession and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The violations of Security Council resolutions must not be tolerated and we welcome the announcement of the President Bush to work with the UN Security Council in this regard.

Cuba
H.E. Mr. Felipe Pérez Roque, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

Mr. President,

A new war against Iraq seems already inevitable; an aggravation of the situation of constant aggression that such people has lived over the last ten years. The buzzword now is "pre-emptive war"- in open violation of the spirit and letter of the United Nations Charter.

Cuba defends principles and not vested interests; therefore, although its supporters may feel upset, it emphatically opposes this war. Cuba is not driven by an anti-American spirit, even when its government maintains and strengthens a 40-year-old blockade against our people.

But refraining from telling the truth out of cowardice or political calculation is not characteristic of Cuban revolutionaries. Therefore, Cuba hereby states that it opposes a new military action against Iraq. It does so while recalling that at one point in time it supported the Security Council resolution

asking the Iraqi Government to end the occupation of Kuwait.

We believe that the development of weapons of mass destruction today would be insane, because the only possible way that we envision for world peace is through general and complete disarmament, including nuclear disarmament, and the rechanneling of the money currently spent on weapons to address the dire socio-economic problems of humankind.

Arab countries have been emphatic in their rejection of this war; most European countries do not approve of it; the international community is increasingly concerned about the announcement of a new war on the basis of unconfirmed allegations - and even disregarding the obvious reality that Iraq cannot pose a danger to the United States.

If the US Government unleashes a new war against Iraq, either by imposing it on the Security Council or deciding upon it unilaterally in opposition to the international public opinion, we will bear witness to the emergence of the century of unilateralism and the forced retirement of the United Nations Organization.

Czech Republic
H.E. Mr. Jan Kohout, Deputy Minister For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

The Czech Republic is paying great attention to the problem of Iraq. We advocate the unconditional implementation of the relevant UN Security Council resolutions, including those concerning the renewal of arms inspections, disarmament, release of detained Kuwaiti citizens and return of confiscated Kuwaiti property. The current regime in Iraq, because of its efforts to develop and produce weapons of mass destruction and its failure to comply with the will of the international community, represents an enormous risk not only for the security and stability of the Middle East region, but for the international community as a whole. I can assure you, Mr. President, that the Czech Republic advocates peaceful solution of disputes in international relations. However, our nation has its tragic experience with never ending concessions to aggressive regimes. We must not forget that peace must be sometimes defended even by force. The Czech Republic considers the letter by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iraq to UN Secretary General as a reaction to a firm stand and pressure of international community. This pressure on the Iraqi regime must continue until all Security Council requirements are met in full.

Denmark on behalf of the European Union
H.E. Anders Fog Rasmussen , Prime Minister
12 September 2002

In the Middle East, Iraq remains a major source of concern with regard to weapons of mass destruction. Iraq must grant unconditional and unimpeded access for the weapon inspectors to Iraq and the required cooperation from her authorities to the inspectors.

Iraq is in breach of several resolutions of the Security Council on her disarmament obligations - these obligations must be complied with immediately. The European Union is determined to support further efforts of the United Nations to that end.

Djibouti
H.E. Mr. Ali Abdi Farah, Minister For Foreign Affairs And International Cooperation
19 September 2002

We welcome President Bush's clearly stated commitment to explore fully the Security Council route vis-à-vis Iraq towards a peaceful resolution of this outstanding issue. We also welcome Iraq's unconditional acceptance of the return of the U.N. inspectors, thus demonstrating its readiness and full cooperation toward the implementation of relevant Security Council resolutions. This is indeed an encouraging development. We must seek a political solution within the framework of the United Nations. And the United Nations has to act, and act swiftly to avert the looming crisis that will engulf a whole region, indeed seriously impact on the whole world. We are all aware of the consequences. Let us coalesce and work hard to save this region which is already in turmoil from further conflagration.

Egypt
H.E. Mr. Ahmed Maher El Sayed, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

The discussion on security and stability in the Middle East also to the situation in Iraq, which must be dealt with in the context of the United Nations' Charter and resolutions to which all parties must respect and adhere and away from a course of military action. Egypt thus affirms its rejection of inflicting military strikes against Iraq whose unity and territorial integrity must be respected and who must for its part respect the legitimate international will. Work must be done towards bringing an end to the extreme suffering of the people of Iraq and terminate the embargo that has inflicted profound harm upon it and the livelihood of its citizens and future generations.

Estonia
Her Excellency Mrs. Kristiina Ojulan, Minister For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

Therefore, we value highly the decisiveness of the international community to implement the resolutions dealing with Iraq. Estonia supports the Secretary General's further efforts to obtain Iraq's compliance with the Security Council resolutions. The return of the UN weapons inspectors to Iraq is just a beginning, further acts will have to follow.

Finland
H.E. Mr. Erkki Tuomioja, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

Without progress in the Middle East peace process any military action in the region can have extremely dangerous and unforeseen consequences. It is imperative that efforts to get Iraq to abide unconditionally with all the resolutions of the Security Council remain the responsibility of the United Nations.

France
H.E. Mr. Dominique De Villepin, Minister For Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

That force alone is often futile is one of the characteristics of our age. We live in a world that is interdependent, where cause and effect may be distant, indirect and unpredictable. Let us take care that our interventions do not give rise to new frustrations, do not produce new imbalances and spark fires which we cannot put out.

The case of Iraq is typical of this new situation. Here is a country that has defied the authority of the Security Council and flouted international law for several years. Here is a regime that is a grave threat to security, especially the security of the peoples in the region because of the risk of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and whose conduct is the direct cause of the great suffering endured by its people.

Is the international community concerned? Of course. Can it continue to tolerate this situation? Definitely not. Should it act? Obviously, the status quo cannot go on. France's determination to obtain compliance with the law is absolute.

We must act, but do so effectively. We must act but without risking the opposite results of those we seek. Care must be taken not to exacerbate a situation that is already very disturbing. We must act, but there are many traps: intervention that is politically or legally ill-defined or poorly mounted would not garner the broad support necessary; it might galvanize public opinion in the region in favor of the regime in Baghdad which is isolated now; lastly, it might aggravate tensions in the Middle East and beyond at a time when we must, on the contrary, redouble our efforts to return to the path of dialogue and peace.

How are these traps to be avoided? How are we to succeed? There is only one way. The path, a demanding one, of collective responsibility. The world now is one of interdependence. Its stability concerns us all. We have each to contribute to it.

The necessary measures must be ordered by the international community after an in-depth and transparent examination. Any temptation to engage in unilateral preventive action would be dangerous. We must take care to avoid any suspicion of bias or injustice. This is the only way to ensure that eventual actions to enforce law and restore security do not add to insecurity. That is the best guarantee of being effective.

That is why, in the case of Iraq, France advocates a demarche made completely legitimate through collective deliberation. It requires two successive steps. First, we must reaffirm together the need for U.N. inspectors to return and demand that Iraq comply at last with its obligations under the Security Council decisions taken since 1991, and do so according to a definite timetable. That is the objective of the international community. It is also Iraq's interest. If Baghdad persists in its refusal to allow the inspectors to return unconditionally, then we should draw the consequences. The Security Council should then decide measures to be taken without excluding any option. Responsibilities would be clarified.

The Gambia
H.E. Mr. Baboucarr-Blaise Ismaila Jagne, Secretary Of State For Foreign Affairs
20 September 2002

Elsewhere in the Middle East, there are still some unresolved issues. The situation between Iraq and Kuwait has still not been fully resolved. And we are still seeking a satisfactory resolution of the question of the Kuwaiti prisoners of war and missing persons, as well as the return of the Kuwaiti national archives.

Within Iraq itself, we in the Gambia have always called for the alleviation of the suffering of the innocent Iraqi people. With regard to the other unfinished business of weapons inspections, my delegation applauds the decision of the Government of Iraq to invite the UN weapons Inspectors to return to Iraq to resume their work. We have always upheld the view that parties to any dispute should allow the United Nations to assume its responsibility unhindered in our common quest for amicable closure to situations of conflict. We therefore note with satisfaction the important statement by President Bush recognising the central role of the United Nations and calling on the latter to assume its responsibility. But let us also remember that we - all of us, nations big and small, rich and poor, constitute the United Nations. It can only be what we the member states want it to be. The choice is ours.

Germany
H.E. Mr. Joschka Fischer, Deputy Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The development in Iraq fills us with grave concern. Saddam Hussein's regime is a brutal dictatorship. Under his leadership, Iraq has attacked its neighbors Iran and Kuwait, fired missiles at Israel and used poison gas against Iran and its own Kurd population. The regime is horrendous for the Iraqi people and a risk for the region. For this reason an effective containment policy and reliable military control of the no-fly zones have been implemented, and a strict sanctions regime introduced against Iraq since the Gulf War.

The regime in Baghdad must not own or produce means of mass destruction and delivery systems. Despite binding obligations from the Security Council, Saddam Hussein refuses to provide credible and verifiable answers to the pressing questions posed by the community of nations regarding his weapons of mass destruction. Therefore the United Nations has to not only maintain the pressure on the Iraqi Government, but also intensify it.

We welcome the fact that President Bush in his most recent speech, turned towards the Security Council. Even if it becomes very difficult, we have to do everything to find a diplomatic solution.

The Security Council and the member states have to make unequivocally clear to Baghdad that the unrestricted and unconditioned re-admission of the weapons inspectors in the only way to avert a great tragedy for Iraq and the whole region. The Iraqi Government has to implement all relevant Security Council resolutions in their entirety and without delay.

We do not want however any automatism leading to the use of military force. The fight against international terrorism remains highly dangerous. We have not yet managed to fully stabilize Afghanistan. Explosive regional conflicts in Kashmir, in the Middle East and in the Caucasus have to be solved or at least effectively contained.

The following central questions arise for us: have all economic and political means of pressure been truly exhausted? To what consequences would military intervention lead? What would this mean for regional stability? What effect would it have on the Middle East conflict? Are there new and definite findings and facts? Does the threat assessment justify taking a very high risk - namely, the responsibility for peace and stability in the entire region, and what is more for years or even decades? Would this meet with consent amongst the Arab neighbors? What consequence would this have for the continuation of the global coalition against terrorism? In the face of these open questions we are full of deep skepticism regarding military action and therefore remain with our approach.

Allow me to pose the further question whether a peace solution in the Middle East could not contribute considerably more to the establishment of regional stability, to the successful fight against terrorism and to the effective control and disarmament of weapons of mass destruction. And in this way would the regime in Baghdad not be isolated much more effectually thus generating political pressure for change? And would this cooperative approach to find a new order for the region not be a more promising way to bring democracy to the Middle East, which would be supported by the regional powers?

Mr. President,

Nowhere is the connection between terrorism and regional conflicts more obvious than in the near and Middle East. The breakthrough to peace is therefore of paramount importance in this region of the world. The consensus amongst the international community of nations on the Middle East question is now greater than ever. We must all pull together to achieve the goal envisaged by President Bush for 2005, that two states, Israel and a democratic Palestine, can live as neighbors within secure and recognized borders. The European Union has devised a road map to achieve this goal. An early conference on the Middle East could help to build bridges and accelerate the process. Together with our EU partners, we are ready to make a considerable contribution here.

A comprehensive peace in the Middle East also has to include Lebanon and Syria. Saudi Arabia's significant initiative contains the assurance, that the Arab world is then also ready to fully normalize its relations with Israel.

Hungary
H.E. Mr. László Kovács, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The Iraqi non-compliance with the UN Security Council resolutions is a serious concern for all of us. Hungary regrets that the Iraqi regime refuses to cooperate with the United Nations and continues to pose a threat to peace and security in the region and the world at large. The international community cannot disregard and has to respond to this fact in a resolute manner. We will work closely with our allies and partners to pursue the full implementation of the relevant Security Council resolutions and we will take our share in the efforts to build a broad coalition of nations in order to prevent the Iraqi regime from producing and using weapons of mass destruction.

Iceland
H.E. Mr. Halldór Ásgrímsson
Minister for Foreign Affairs and External Trade
17 September 2002

Iraq must comply.

On such important issues as peace and stability, it is often difficult to reach decisions and agree on resolutions here at the United Nations, let alone to ensure that they are implemented. Full implementation of all relevant Security Council resolutions is imperative.

It is therefore very encouraging to see that during this General Assembly, we have witnessed that the emerging concensus on how to deal with defiance of Security Council resolutions seems to be giving tangible results. Only yesterday, the Iraqi government informed the United Nations that Iraq has decided to cooperate fully with the organisation and give weapons inspectors unconditional access to the country. This is certainly a positive sign, but deeds will have to follow.

Indonesia
H.E. Mr. Hassan Wirajuda, Minister For Foreign Affairs
18 September 2002

Any unilateral use of force risks not only undermining the authority of United Nations, but would also carry the grave potential of destabilizing the immediate region, and indeed beyond, with its attendant humanitarian implications.

For its part, Iraq must fully comply with the relevant UN Security Council resolutions. We are encouraged by the recent decision by the Government of Iraq to allow the return of UN inspectors. We trust that this will pave the way to a peaceful solution of the problem and preclude any attack against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq.

The situation in Iraq cannot be viewed in isolation. How we address this problem will have repercussions on the longer-standing issue of Palestine and the challenge of terrorism.

Iran
H.E. Dr. Kamal Kharrazi, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq, compliance by Iraq with relevant Security Council resolutions, particularly those concerning the return of the weapons inspectors to Iraq, followed by lifting of the international sanctions in the interests of the oppressed people of Iraq constitute the overall policy of the Islamic republic of Iran towards Iraq. We are against any unilateral measure or military intervention in Iraq, underline the central role of the United Nations in this regard, and hold that it is up to the people of Iraq to determine their own future through democratic means.

Iraq
H.E. Mr. Naji Sabri, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

It gives me pleasure to express my sincere gratitude to the international community, States and organizations for the substantive position rejecting the U.S. administration's threats against Iraq and for the calls they made for a comprehensive political solution to the impasse in the relationship between Iraq and the Security Council.

In response to several appeals made by the U.N. Secretary General, peace loving States and regional organizations, my government decided to allow the return of U.N. weapons inspectors without conditions as a first step towards a comprehensive solution that includes the lifting of the sanctions imposed on Iraq and the timely implementation of other provisions of the relevant Security Council resolutions including resolution 687(1991).

Excellency,

I was instructed by the President of the Republic of Iraq, Mr. Saddam Hussein to convey to you, in the allotted time, excerpts of a letter he addressed to the General Assembly, where His Excellency tackled Iraq's position on the latest developments in the relationship between Iraq and the Security Council.

Following are excerpts from the letter

"In his speech at the General Assembly that was preceded and accompanied by noisy propaganda and extensive preparation, the U.S. President, instead of paying attention to common issues of a particular concern to humanity at large, the U.S. President in a narrow-minded view presented the security problems of his own country, and the sacrifices it has suffered, since the events of September 11."

It is a good sign that the United States has resorted, for the first time after the end of the Cold War, to the General Assembly to put forward one of its problems, after years of disregard to the weight, effect and opinion of others. Nevertheless, the U.S. President revealed his basic purpose, when he jumped to the issue of Iraq, without any introduction or acceptable progression. He portrayed this issue as if it were the most dangerous situation, not only for the life, security, and future of the United States, but for the life, future, and security of the whole world. Along his generalizations, which implied deliberate insinuations, he presented the utmost distortions

on the nuclear, biological, and chemical threats, so as to make American citizens believe the deliberate insinuation that Iraq was linked to the American people's tragedy of September 11. He seems to have assumed that the countries of the world are unaware of the American administration and its methods, nor do they know Iraq and its high sense of responsibility toward humanity, its desire for peace and stability, or the fact that the Iraqis are a creative people in work, production, and innovation, in addition to being the heirs of the most ancient human civilizations.

The U.S. President talked about the importance of applying democracy by the Government of Iraq. He pretended to care for the people of Iraq after he and other presidents before him have killed by the use of weapons, including Depleted Uranium, and by the blockade which is now more than twelve years old, more than one million and seven hundred thousand innocent Iraqis out of a population of twenty five million citizens.

So, after a long time of utilizing the American propaganda machine, along with official statements of lies, distortion, and falsehood, the focus was basically turned on inciting the American public against Iraq, and pushing them to accept the U.S. Administration's schemes of aggression as a fait accompli, as if it were the solution or the necessary rescue that would allow American citizens to live in security and stability, after what they had gone through in the September 11 events.

When the U.S. administration realized that it was necessary to have an international cover for using force against Iraq, and that the world did not believe the lies it tried to propagate to link Iraq to the September events, it changed the issue and began to shed crocodile tears on international law, and the necessity to comply with the resolutions of international legitimacy, alleging that Iraq is not complying with Security Council resolutions, especially with regard to UN inspectors. This implied that Iraq had the intention to develop or that it already possesses nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and according to this allegation it may give such weapons to terrorist organizations that pose a threat to world security.

Now that Iraq has accepted the return of the U.N. inspectors, we will all be able to see how they work. In our past experience (1991-1998) with them, Iraq used to ask the inspection teams to do their job in accordance with the declared goals of the Security Council, but some of the inspectors went on doing intelligence and espionage work that had nothing to do with the official mandate of the inspection teams. Some of those inspectors have publicly admitted this, some, including an American are still publicly talking about it. Even Mr. Rolf Ekeus, the former chief of the U.N. Special Commission (UNSCOM), has recently stated that the inspectors overstepped the limits of their defined duties by spying on the Iraqi leadership. I quote "The United States and other powers exploited the inspection teams for their own political ends, including monitoring President Saddam Hussein's whereabouts."

He also said that the inspection teams deliberately created problems to prepare the ground for possible military attacks.

Ladies and Gentlemen

"Iraq has always defended the principles and values that you have willingly put down in the UN Charter, and the purposes for which the Security Council was created, i.e. to preserve security and to establish peace. Therefore, by confronting evil for twelve years now, Iraq has not been only defending its own patriotism, but rather it acted as if it were defending your own patriotism. It has been acting on your behalf without being assigned to do so. In targeting Iraq, the United States Administration is acting on behalf of Zionism which has been killing the heroic people of Palestine, destroying their property, murdering their children, and seeking to impose their domination on the whole world, not only militarily, but also economically and politically. The U.S. administration wants to destroy Iraq in order to control the Middle East oil, and consequently control the politics as well as the oil and economic policies of the whole world. If it succeeded in that, God forbid, it would dictate on you what each country needs for its economic development, what quantities of oil it is allowed to buy, and at what prices, along with other conditions.

Ladies and gentlemen, brothers, and friends

In short, what Iraq wants is the respect of the principles of the UN Charter and international law, whether regarding its own interests and sovereignty or those of the other member-states of the United Nations. On this basis, Iraq was, and still is; ready to cooperate with the Security Council and international organizations. However, Iraq rejects any transgression by whosoever at the expense of its rights, sovereignty, security, and independence, that is in contradiction with the principles of the Charter and the international law. It is for this reason that Iraq has persevered and is still prepared to endure more for this end.

From this and other facts, you see, Ladies and Gentlemen, that Iraq has not rejected relevant resolutions of the Security Council, even though what relates to Iraq in them is unjust and at odds with the UN Charter and international law. Iraq, rather calls on members of the Security Council, and on the U.S. administration in particular, to respect their own obligations under the Charter, international law and the relevant Security Council resolutions. Iraq demands that its inalienable rights stipulated in those very resolutions are met, including respect of its sovereignty and security, lifting the blockade imposed on it, and applying paragraph 14 (of Resolution 687)

to the Zionist entity, as stipulated in the text in the same manner as it was applied to Iraq.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

I Hereby declare before you that Iraq is clear of all nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. If there are any one amongst you who might still worry that the fabrications announced by American officials about Iraq may possibly be true, our country is ready to receive any scientific experts accompanied by politicians you choose to represent any one of your countries to tell us which places and scientific and industrial installations they would wish to see, particularly those about which the American officials have been fabricating false stories, alleging that they contain prohibited materials or activities. If such experts and politicians visit Iraq, we shall provide them with all the facilities they need to achieve their objective, that is to see the true facts as they are.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

As what matters for us basically is that our rights, sovereignty, and security be respected in accordance with international law, we have accepted the return of the inspection teams to Iraq taking into consideration the arrangements that should safeguard these principles, and achieve, with transparency the goal of making sure that Iraq no longer possesses nuclear, biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction. Along with you, we are waiting to see.

The inspection teams (1991-1998), as it has been established beyond doubt used to concoct crises and devise pretexts for the American government to perpetrate actions outside the framework of the Security Council and international law. This had been going on from 1991 to 1998 by way of unilateral acts of destructive aggression inflicted upon northern and southern Iraq, and sometimes against our capital Baghdad up to this date.

The blockade imposed upon Iraq has been in place for more than twelve years now, during which time our assets and oil revenues have been frozen, and we are unable to use them except through U.N.-run inefficient system already proven to be unfeasible. Substantial amounts of our revenues have been illegitimately seized in a manner tantamount to looting contrary to the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter.

Therefore, when we call for a discussion of the issue of the inspection teams in accordance with international law, it should be done on a comprehensive basis with a discussion of Iraq's obligations, including the issue of the inspection teams as well as the obligations of the Security Council towards Iraq as stated in the resolutions themselves, particularly Resolution 687. These are reciprocal obligations of which the Security Council has implemented nothing, including the obligation of respecting Iraq's sovereignty which is being violated by America and Britain on a daily basis through their ongoing aggression and the artificially drawn parallel latitude lines over northern and southern Iraq.

Ladies and Gentlemen

You may notice how the policy of the Zionist Entity, which has usurped Palestine and other Arab territories since 1948, and afterwards, has become now as one with the policies and capabilities of the United States.

The United States has been making up problems with Iraq in order to derail the application of Paragraph (14) of resolution 687(1991) and prevent the Security Council from lifting the blockade imposed on Iraq. The reason lies in the fact that the counter obligations under relevant resolutions of the Security Council, including Resolution 687 of April 3, 1991, contain a clear paragraph demanding that the Middle East be made a zone free from weapons of mass destruction. Thus the American government does not want to embarrass (the Zionist Entity) or deprive it of its nuclear, chemical and biological weapons it actually possesses. Moreover it is because the U.S. administration is aware that Iraq has indeed honored all its obligations and is demanding, -along with Arab countries, that paragraph 14 be applied to the Zionist Entity.

Therefore, Iraq has been keen to see the inspection issue discussed between the Security Council and Iraq, through the United Nations Secretary General and the representatives of Iraq, with a view to reaching a balanced formula, based on the principles of the Charter and the relevant resolutions of the Security Council, within a comprehensive solution which should bring to an end the cyclone of American accusations and fabricated crises against Iraq. At the same time this would reassure Iraq with regard to its security, sovereignty, territorial integrity and its right to choosing its own way without interference in accordance with the rules established in the Charter of the United Nations.

The American President said in his speech that Iraq is providing financial support to the Palestinian people. My comment is that the American President is correct in what he says. Yet we feel that the support we have extended has not been as high as we would have hoped, because of the circumstances which have curtailed our means. In extending this support, we act in accordance with the United Nations Charter and the resolutions of this august Assembly in which the national struggle of peoples against occupation and colonialism is considered to be an inalienable national right.

But what grounds does America and its presidents have in supporting the Zionist Entity, which has been occupying Palestine and other Arab territories, and committing its criminal policy of killing Palestinians, destroying their property, and encroaching upon and destroying the sanctities of Muslims and Christians there? What principles and what laws does the American President rely on in killing the Iraqis, blockading their country, destroying their property and interfering in their internal affairs?

Ireland
H.E. Mr. Brian Cowen, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

Second, Iraq. Iraq has been in violation of Security Council resolutions, in particular on arms inspection, for some considerable time. Secretary-General Kofi Annan has been engaged in serious efforts to encourage Iraq to comply with its obligations under these Security Council Resolutions. We will continue to strongly support his good offices.

Let us express wholehearted agreement with the call by the Secretary-General for Iraq "to comply with its obligations for the sake of its own people and for the sake of world order. If Iraq's defiance continues, the Security Council must face its responsibilities."

We call on Iraq to respect its obligations and implement in full and without preconditions all the Security Council resolutions addressed to it. The weapons inspectors must be allowed in to do the work authorised by the Security Council. Iraq's leadership has it within its own power to end the current predicament and to alleviate the great hardship on its people. It should do so without delay.

…The proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction - chemical, biological and nuclear - is, of course, an issue that goes far beyond Iraq. They represent a major threat to international peace and security.

Israel
H.E. Mr. Shimon Peres, Deputy Prime Minister And Minister For Foreign Affairs
18 September 2002

The front from Bin Laden to Sadam Hussein, is a menace to us all. It won't enable peace nor permit freedom. Neither to all people, nor to their own people.

In countries that harbor terror women are discriminated against. Men are oppressed. Civil and human rights are violated. Poverty cannot escape its own poorness.

The culture of death forces us to defend the culture of life. To win battles that we had not initiated. To triumph in this uninvited war.

We never imagined, and will never agree, that it would be dangerous to walk our streets. Or safely fly our skies. Or eventually breathe un-poisoned air or consume uncontaminated water.

We cannot allow dark forces to possess weapons of mass destruction, aware of their whim to destroy the life of innocent people. We shall not turn our lives to sleepless nights and nightmare days.

We don't have the right to ignore the danger. We don't have the option to postpone its imminence.

We have to win. As soon as possible.

Italy
H.E. Mr. Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister
13 September 2002

Our commitment' to the United Nations is clear on all fronts. Italy is the sixth contributor to the Organization's As we speak today, the main challenge to the United Nations and our system of values is posed by the regime that governs Iraq and that has systematically ignored all the resolutions of the United Nations. A response is both necessary and indispensable to safeguard the international community from the danger posed by a massive build up of unconventional weapons of mass destruction. regular budget and one

of the largest troops' contributor. Around ten thousand Italian soldiers are deployed throughout the world from the Balkans to Afghanistan to preserve and maintain peace and security. We will continue along this road, in our firm belief there is no problem we

cannot solve if we are united in our determination.

Jamaica
H.E. Mr. Stafford Neil, Chairman Of The Delegation
18 September 2002

Over the past year, dramatic events have occurred which have brought old and new issues to the forefront of attention. We recall the shock and horror of the terrorist attacks ofSeptember 11; the ensuing war in Afghanistan; the outbreak of renewed violence in the Middle East between Israelis and Palestinians; the escalation of old tensions in SouthAsia; and more recently, the threat of a new war in Iraq. All of these were given special attention by the Secretary General in the presentation of his Report to the GeneralAssembly last Thursday.

…With regard to Iraq, which has been the subject of so much debate in recent weeks, it is up to the Security Council to carry out its responsibilities in a manner broadlyacceptable to the international community and to preclude unilateral actions which could lead to unpredictable consequences and to wider instability in the region. This is animportant moment for the United Nations and we expect the Security Council to act in accordance with the Charter to safeguard the integrity of the international system andensure the maintenance of peace.

Japan
H.E. Mr. Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister
13 September 2002

In this connection, I would like to refer to the issue of Iraq, which is of grave concern to the international community. Iraq must comply with all the relevant UN Security Council resolutions. In particular, Iraq must allow immediate and unconditional inspections and dispose of all weapons of mass destruction. It is important for the international community to continue to work together, and to engage more strenuously in diplomatic efforts through the United Nations. In doing so, we must pursue the adoption of necessary and appropriate Security Council resolutions as soon as possible.

Jordan
H.E. Mr. Marwan Muasher, Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Out of our compliance with the United Nations principles enshrined in the Charter, particularly Article 2, point 4, which prohibits the use or threat of use of force in international relations, while giving this right exclusively to the Security Council so that the Council might exercise it in case of a breach of international peace and security, Jordan believes that the most appropriate means of resolving the outstanding matters between the -United Nations and Iraq is to ensure the immediate and full implementation of all relevant Security Council resolutions, including those relating to Kuwaiti prisoners and missing persons as well as to the return of the weapons inspectors. If these conditions are met the people of Iraq, who have been suffering for too long, would be saved from military action which will aggravate that suffering. The aforesaid formula would also spare the entire region from the dire consequences of military operations.

Kuwait
H.E. Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

Kuwait welcomed with satisfaction the decision adopted by the last Arab Summit held in Lebanon last March on the situation between Iraq and Kuwait. In that decision, the Arab leaders welcomed Iraq's assertions to respect the independence, sovereignty, security and territorial integrity of the State of Kuwait, as well as pledges by Iraq to avert any action that might lead to a recurrence of the 1990 events. The Arab leaders also demanded Iraq to cooperate in order to find an expeditious and final solution to the question of Kuwaiti prisoners and hostages and the return of stolen Kuwaiti property as set forth in relevant Security Council resolutions. But, to our deep regret, this decision has not been implemented. The Government of Iraq has not as yet carried out its pledges, especially in regard to the Kuwaiti and third-country prisoners.

This long-running humanitarian question bears no further delay in view of its traumatic implications on the families of the victims who do not know the fate of their loved ones. The Iraqi government continues to refuse cooperation with the United Nations mechanisms established to deal with this matter. Assessing the approach followed by the Iraqi government, The Secretary-General concluded in the last paragraph of his last periodic report to the Security Council of 15" August 2002 that:

"Despite the encouraging agreements reached at the Arab Summit in Beirut, the Iraqis still have to associate words with tangible deeds as to the fate of missing persons. There is still an available opportunity to tackle, with good intention, humanitarian issues such as the one of missing persons. Iraq should seize this opportunity to recover its credibility with regard to the outstanding humanitarian issues. "

Within the same context, Kuwait welcomes the efforts and steps undertaken by the United Nations in preparation for the return of Kuwait's state archives from Iraq pursuant to Security Council resolutions. Despite the fact that Iraq denied over the past eleven years that it had seized

the archives, we consider their acknowledgment of holding the archives and their intention to return them an important step towards carrying out Security Council resolutions, particularly 686, 687 and 1284. Irrespective of Iraq's motives behind returning the archives and other Kuwaiti state documents, it is our hope that this step would be followed by other positive movements that would lead to the release of our prisoners. Only then can this dossier be closed. I wish to stress here that this humanitarian issue of our prisoners has dominated the national agenda of the Government and people of Kuwait since liberation.

Regarding other relevant issues, Kuwait welcomed the dialogue between the United Nations and Iraq and we hope that this exercise will prove fruitful in leading to the implementation of the rest of key obligations, including the elimination of weapons of mass destruction and other outstanding matters.

Kuwait thinks that full and scrupulous implementation by Iraq of all relevant Security Council resolutions and allowing United Nations weapons inspectors back in Iraq would save our region the horrors of a war, which we do not want. Such a war would lead only to the aggravation of the suffering of the brotherly people of Iraq and to the escalation of tension and instability in the region.

Lao
H.E. Mr. Somsavat Lengsavad, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Like the overwhelming majority of the member States, the Lao PDR also expresses great concern over the issue of Iraq - an independent and sovereign nation, and a member state of the United Nations. We are of the view that this should be resolved through political means by the United Nations. In this regard, we call upon all concerned parties to urgently implement all relevant UN Security Council resolutions to ensure national interests, peace, stability and the common interest of the countries in the region and in the world.

Lebanon
H.E. Mr. Mahmoud Hammoud, Minister For Foreign Affairs And Emigrants
18 September 2002

Submitting the disputes to the United Nations and implementing its resolutions, particularly those of the Security Council can guarantee the peaceful settlement of any given conflict. By following this course the parties could be spared the need to settle their dispute by military means. It may not be easy to contain the tragic ramifications of military action in a given region. This is particularly true of Iraq, which was also the subject of deliberations in the Beirut Arab Summit. There it was also decided that the solution to the Iraqi problem is through dialogue. Iraq should not be yet once again the theatre to another war that will increase the suffering of its people. The Arab leaders consider that an attack against any Arab state is a threat to the national security of all Arab countries.

As president of the Arab Summit, Lebanon hopes that Iraq's compliance with the will of the international community, and allowing the return of the international Inspectors willlead to the end of the suffering of its people, and to a comprehensive solution that will lead to the implementation of the requirements of Security Council resolutions, and tolifting of the sanctions. We also hope that this will allow to rid the Middle East region of all weapons of mass destruction, and to refrain from the threat of using force againstIraq thus preserving and respecting its sovereignty, its independence and its territorial integrity.

Republic Of Lithuania
HE, Mr. Valdas Adamkus, President
12 September 2002

Therefore, it is regrettable that a member of this great body of the United Nations does not uphold its commitments and the underlying principles of this Organization. The Iraqi regime must allow unrestricted access for the UN inspectors to resume their work. We should exert all the pressure to insure this. Indeed, this is a test case of our solidarity and unity as an international community.

Luxembourg
S.E. Mme Lydie Polfer, Ministre des Affaires Etrangères et du commerce Extérieur
le 14 Septembre 2002

Dans le cas de l'Iraq, la communauté internationale doit poursuivre son action à travers les Nations Unies chargées du maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales. L'Iraq doit donner un accès inconditionnel et sans entraves aux inspecteurs et fournir la coopération requise. Il doit remplir ses obligations immédiatement. Nous sommes déterminés à soutenir les efforts des Nations Unies pour parvenir à cet objectif.

The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia
H.E. Mr. Slobodan Casule, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 17, 2002

Undoubtedly the most important of these is the redefinition of the very essence of international relations. This effort to instill new values is questioned by regimes and rouge leaders that belong to the past, that have, as a contradiction to progress, survived. We are all mesmerized by the development of events surrounding Iraq and the Middle East as a whole.

Problems like these demand solutions. Many measures are considered today, but they must be based on a common conviction that our main task is to construct a new and better world, and that these extraordinary steps are not our goal.

Therefore, it is the firm conviction of the Republic of Macedonia, that our most important tool must be dialogue and mutual understanding.

Mali
S.E.M Lassana Traore, Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres et des Maliens de L'exterieur
le 19 septembre 2002

Sur un tout autre plan, le Mali privilégie la coopération internationale sur la base du droit international dans la recherche de solutions durables aux conflits qui préoccupent la communauté internationale. Ce principe devrait s'appliquer au traitement de la question irakienne.

Malta
H.E. The Honourable Dr. Joe Borg , Minister for Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

Malta is encouraged by the efforts of the Secretary-General to engage the organization in its quest to achieve a resolution to the situation with regard to Iraq before it deteriorates any further.

My Government calls upon the Iraqi Government to comply with all its obligations under all the provisions of relevant Security Council resolutions, in particular those concerning disarmament with respect to weapons of mass destruction. Iraq must meet its commitments and allow the re-entry of UN inspectors into its territory without any preconditions and as stipulated by the Security Council.

The international community should spare no effort in exploring all political and diplomatic options that would or could assist in resolving the issue. Malta is in agreement with the Secretary General that if Iraq fails to meet its obligations, the Security Council, as an organ primarily entrusted with the responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, must shoulder and face its responsibilities. The Security Council has to ensure compliance with its own resolutions in the interest of the international rule of law.

Malaysia
H.E. The Honourable Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Deputy Prime Minister
14 September 2002

23. In particular, we remain concerned that targeting Iraq outside the framework of the United Nations and in contravention of international law will not only be wrong, but will result in a more volatile world order. In this regard, we welcome the decision by the United States to work with the United Nations to address this issue rather than pursuing a unilateral policy of military intervention.

24. Malaysia agrees that the United Nations must not be cast aside. However, engaging the international community through the United Nations must not merely be an exercise in public diplomacy. The international community cannot be made to assume that military intervention against Iraq, in the pursuit of both disarmament and regime change, is inevitable and that the United Nations is only being engaged as a matter of course.

25. The strength and relevance of this Organisation has never come from affirming the unilateral designs of one member nation but instead rests on the collective will of the international community that emerges from a multilateral process. Engaging the international community means initiating this consensual approach that can address security concerns without destabilizing the region and within the norms of international law.

26. In this effort, it is imperative that the international community is presented with clear and incontrovertible evidence of the perceived threat posed by Iraq to regional and international security. At the same time, every diplomatic and political effort should be made to urge Iraq to fully cooperate with the United Nations, including allowing the return of UN weapons inspectors, and to comply with UN Security Council resolutions, as every member state of this Organisation must do, so as to facilitate a resolution to this issue.

27. A preemptive attack against Iraq without any credible evidence to the international community of the threat it poses will have serious implications on the international campaign against terrorism. Such an attack may pronounce real cleavages and draw imaginary battle lines between the Muslim world and the West, especially when the continued oppression of the Palestinians remains unattended.

28. Such an attack can swell the ranks of the discontented in the Muslim world. It will give the pretext for depraved extremist groups bent on stoking the flames of populist radicalism to mobilize and multiply. Therefore, while it is important to view the Iraq issue in terms of regional security, it is equally important to understand the broader consequences that will follow.

Maroc
S.E. M. Mohamed Benaissa, Ministre des Affaires étrangères et de la Coopération
le 14 septembre 2002

La question irakienne est devenue une source de préoccupations pour la communauté internationale en raison des souffrances subies par le peuple irakien. En effet, autant noun avons appelé à l'application par l'Irak des résolutions des Nations Unies, autant nous recommandons la clairvoyance et la patience dans le traitement du cas de l'Irak tout en espérant que le gouvernement irakien répondra aux appels de la communauté internationale afin d'éviter au peuple irakien davantage de peines et de souffrances. En tout état de cause, il incombe aux Nations Unies d'agir dans le cadre des principes de sa Charte afin de préserver la stabilité et la sécurité de tous les pays de la région.

A cet égard, le Maroc exprime sa préoccupation vis-à- vis de la question des prisonniers de guerre et des disparus Kowetíens et souligne la nécessité de préserver funité territoriale de l'Etat du Koweit. Il affirme également la nécessité de préserver funité de l'Irak et sa souveraineté sur tout son territoire.

Mauritanie
Son Excellence Monsieur Dah Ould Abdi, Ministre des Affaires Étrangères et de la Coopération de la République Islamique de Mauritanie
le 17 septembre 2002

Nous fondons l'espoir de voir le retour à la stabilité et à la concorde dans la région du Golfe. Dans ce contexte, nous tenons à exprimer notre opposition à l'utilisation de la force contre l'Iraq et notre soutien à la recherche d'une solution pacifique pour le règlement de la crise conformément à la légalité internationale. Nous exprimons également notre souci pour le respect de l'indépendence et l'intégrité territoriale du Koweit, de même que le respect de l'indépendence et de l'intégrité territoriale de l'Iraq et nous demandons à nouveau, la levée de l'embargo imposé depuis plus de douze ans au peuple Irakien.

Mauritius
H.E. The Right Honourable Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister
13 September 2002

We appeal to the Iraqi authorities to comply fully and unconditionally with the Security Council Resolutions with respect to allowing the arms inspectors to fulfill their mandate.

Mexico
H.E. Mr. Jorge Castañeda Gutman, Minister for Foreign Affairs
13 September 2002

Mexico strongly believes that the Security Council is the proper body that can today adopt the necessary measures to achieve a lasting solution to the situation in Iraq. That is why we welcome the pronouncement made yesterday by President George Bush regarding the importance that collective debate and decision will have, during the days and weeks to follow, in determining the actions that must be taken with regard to Iraq. Nevertheless, we cannot fail to recognize that the scope of action open for the members of the Council and the international community as a whole will invariably involve complex challenges in the days ahead.

We unequivocally condemn Iraq's continued failure to comply with the resolutions of this organization regarding disarmament and the renunciation of weapons of mass destruction, and we reiterate the importance of that nation's immediate compliance, without any preconditions, with the Council's resolutions regarding the return of UN inspectors. But we also recognize that noncompliance with Security Council resolutions has occurred in other junctures, at other times, at different latitudes.

Today, we believe it is essential for the Council to be given the necessary time and support in order to facilitate the return of the UN inspectors, and we therefore support President Jacques Chirac's recent proposal to set a specific period of time for meeting this objective.

Additionally, as a responsible and committed member of the Security Council, Mexico believes that any decision that may result from a possible Iraqi noncompliance regarding the resolutions on this subject, should be adopted only after the following two conditions have been met. First, that a clearer evaluation of Iraq's actual weapons capacity be carried out -including both technologies and vectors, as well as its intention to use them or the ability of terrorist groups to gain access to them- based on reports issued by the United Nations inspection mechanisms or on additional information that individual countries could provide. Second, that an agreement be reached among the Council's member nations, together with other countries directly involved, regarding the steps that must be taken in light of the above evaluation or as a result of Iraq's refusal to allow the return of inspectors within its territory.

Mexico believes that unilateral military action taken without first consulting the Council would undermine the foundations of the new world security architecture and could affect the consensus that has been reached in the battle against international terrorism as a result of the attacks made a year ago against the United States.

Moldova
H.E. Mr. Ion Botnaru, Chairman Of The Delegation
20 September 2002

We share the concern expressed here by many previous speakers on the situation around Iraq and call Baghdad to immediately comply fully and promptly with all relevant Security Council Resolutions.

Mongolia
H.E. Mr. Luvsan Erdenechuluun, Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

My Government shares the view that the United Nations Security Council should make every effort to impress on Iraq to comply with its resolutions and, as a first step, accept unconditionally the weapons inspections. The world community cannot afford to sit idle in the face of an open defiance of mandatory resolutions of the Security Council.

Mozambique
H.E. Dr. Leonardo Santos Simão, Minister For Foreign Affairs And Cooperation
18 September 2002

I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the Government of Iraq for the wise decision taken to allow the return of the UN inspectors. It is our hope that theresumption of the inspections will mark a new era of cooperation between Iraq and the UN, within the spirit and letter of the UN Charter and international law.

Namibia
H.E. Mr. Hidipo Hamutenya, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

Last week, the general debate in this chamber was, in a way, overshadowed by what appeared to be an ominous cloud of the threat of war in Iraq. Indeed, most of us have been filled with grave concern about that looming threat.

This concern has, however, been somewhat eased when the focus shifted away from the temptation of unilateral military action towards multilateralism that is so vital for the maintenance of world peace and security. In this regard, Namibia welcomes the decision by Iraq to co-operate with the United Nations Security Council.

Republic Of Nauru
H.E. Rene R. Harris, M.P, President & Minister Of Foreign Affairs
12 September 2002

While a compelling case for further action in the Middle East and in Iraq in particular has been made, we nevertheless believe that for any action to be successful it must be done through and by the Security Council, and with multilateral support.

Nepal
H.E. The Honourable Arjon Jung Bahaur Singh, Minister Of State For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

To find a comprehensive peace in the Middle East, Nepal supports a time-bound implementation of Security Council resolution 1397 and of the Quartet agreement of April 2002. Iraq must comply with relevant Security Council resolutions and the global community must respect the sanctity and integrity of the UN Charter not to set the wider region on fire.

Netherlands
H.E. Mr. Jaap De Hoop Scheffer, Minister For Foreign Affairs
15 September 2002

The many different actors in the Middle East share a duty to restrain violence and curtail extremism. Stability in the region is an indivisible interest, not only for the region itself but far beyond. The countries in the region have prime responsibility for ensuring that their citizens can live in freedom and an environment of tolerance and respect. But the international community has a role to play as well. Here in particular we expect the Security Council to take its responsibilities to end the Iraqi regime's systematic non-compliance with a range of earlier resolutions. The inspectors should be allowed to return, yesterday rather than tomorrow. The credibility of the UN system is at stake.

New Zealand
H.E. The Honourable Phil Goff, Minister for Foreign Affairs And Trade
14 September 2002

The situation in Iraq is also a threat to world peace but we must look for solutions which will resolve and not exacerbate the threat.

No nation can be exempt from the requirement to comply with resolutions passed by this organisation. That is necessary if the rule of law is to apply internationally.

No nation can be allowed to commit aggression or to use weapons of mass destruction against its own people.

The requirement to comply with UN resolutions is not the instruction of one country to Iraq - it is a collective instruction which should have the unanimous endorsement of all member countries.

Iraq's non-compliance with Security Council resolutions is a challenge to the entire UN membership. The UN must meet this challenge. How this situation is resolved matters to us all, not least the countries of the region itself.

Those who can exercise influence over Iraq should do so to avoid the need for resort to other actions.

The response chosen by the Security Council must, however, take into account the need not to impose further costs on ordinary Iraqi people innocent of any wrong doing. The response should not involve actions which undermine rather than strengthen the war

against terrorism.

Nicaragua
H.E. Mr. Norman José Caldera Cardenal
Minister for Foreign Affairs
18 September 2002

The case of Iraq is a challenge and a test for the entire multilateral system we have been constructing. It is up to us either to help strengthen it or help weaken and fracture it….

Nicaragua considers that the immediate and unconditional return of the United Nations weapons inspectors to Iraq - within a context of total compliance, can only be considered an important part of a greater effort aimed at the elimination of all kinds of weapons of mass destruction, within the context of the global interests of the international community and in compliance with all pertinent Security Council resolutions.

Nigeria
H.E. Mr. Olusegun Obasanjo, President And Commander-In-Chief Of The Armed Forces
15 September 2002

Mr. President, Nigeria notes with concern the threat, which the situation in Iraq poses to international peace and security. We hold the view that any further escalation of tension would lead to very serious consequences. Nigeria therefore urges the parties concerned to exercise caution and restraint and that the matter should be resolved in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations.

Norway
H. E. Mr. Kjell-Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister
12 September 2002

Iraq must address the unresolved disarmament issues in accordance with Security Council resolutions. This means immediate and unconditional cooperation with UN weapons inspectors.

It is up to the Iraqi leadership to allay international fears and to prove that Iraq does not possess weapons of mass-destruction.

It is up to Saddam Hussein to step out of isolation, and bring Iraq back into the world community.

Political and diplomatic efforts to achieve these goals have not yet been exhausted. Iraq must comply with UN demands immediately. The responsibility for non-compliance lies on Iraq alone. Further action by the international community must be rooted in the UN.

Oman
H.E. Mr. Yousef Bin Alawi Bin Abdullah, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

The general humanitarian situation in Iraq remains tragic due to the ongoing economic sanctions imposed since August 1990. Accordingly, my government emphasizes the importance of review by the Security Council of the international sanction policy imposed on countries, which leads to an increase in humanitarian harm that befalls populations, and to take into consideration what happens on the ground in terms implementing of international resolutions by the targeted governments.

My government reiterates its call on the Security Council to put an end to the human suffering in Iraq, and in this regard, calls for the continuation of dialogue between Iraq and the United Nations in order to fulfill the remaining international commitments of Iraq, with the necessity that UNMOVIC start its work from the point where UNSCOM left off in 1998. My Government reiterates also its call on the Security Council to put in place a clear and focused mechanism, specifying to Iraq what needs to be accomplished by the Iraqi government to end its tragic suffering and arrive at the final lifting of the economic sanctions in a complete form.

We feel optimistic and pleased by the accomplishments of the Arab summit in Beirut, especially in terms of its positive climate in the creation of a spirit of understanding and rapprochement between Iraq and Kuwait. In this context, my government welcomes the Iraqi initiative to return the Kuwaiti national archives and encourages the Iraqi government to maintain the choice of the continuation of a constructive dialogue and serious consultations to fulfill its remaining commitments stemming from Security Council resolutions, including specifically what concerns the prisoners of war and missing Kuwaiti citizens and those from third countries. Thus, we urge the Iraqi government to cooperate with the tripartite committee and the International Red Cross in order to end this human file. My government, Mr. President, is confident that the end of the Iraqi file cannot be attained without continuous diplomatic efforts exerted by all, and through United Nations channels and any other possible and supporting political ways. And from this premise, we find no justification for any military operation against Iraq. We therefore welcome the statement given by his Excellency the President of the United States George Bush at the start of this debate in this assembly, and specifically to handling the Iraq crisis through the Security Council.

Philippines
H.E. Mr. Blas Ople, Secretary for Foreign Affairs
September 17, 2002

We believe that Iraq took a step in the right direction when it agreed yesterday to the

unconditional return of United Nations weapons inspectors. But the immediate challenge facing our organization and our world is the looming confrontation that could be brought about by the need for Iraq to comply, totally and unconditionally, with the relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions.

The case for compliance is compelling. The charges are highly credible and have serious

implications on global security. The UN Security Council should give these charges most urgent and deep consideration. The international community has put the onus on Iraq to comply with the relevant Security Council resolutions, especially on the elimination of weapons of mass destruction

Romania
H.E. Mr. Mircea Geoana, Minister for Foreign Affairs
14 September 2002

In this context, Romania calls on Iraq to comply with existing UN Security Council Resolutions and to allow UN inspectors to return, immediately and unconditionally, to enable further decisions relevant to the people of Iraq and the security and stability of the area. Romania was on the UN Security Council in 1990 when the first Resolutions on Iraq were adopted and contributed to building consensus at that time. We believe the Security Council must respond to the continued defiance of its Resolutions firmly and resolutely. There can be no doubt as to my government's stand should fears about possible threats to global security prove justified. As we have done in the past, we will stand alongside our allies and freedom-loving nations in the defense of world peace.

A strong response to Iraq's long-term defiance of the Security Council's authority is called for because of the threat to global security from weapons of mass destruction. The temptation to apply these same principles to other, localized, conflict situations should be resisted, especially when mechanisms exist for dialogue and peaceful resolution.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
H.E. The Honourable Louis Straker, Deputy Prime Minister And Minister For Foreign Affairs, Commerce And Trade
20 September 2002

Let me first of all pay respect to this organisation, the United Nations, and to our distinguished Secretary General Mr. Kofi Annan. Since the onslaught of the terrorists' attacks in September last year, the world has been focused once again, on the unique role of the United Nations as never before, as the Nations came together to fight the scourge of terrorism. Just last week, President Bush used his address at this forum to invoke the special and unique assistance of the United Nations to deal with the problems of Iraq. The world breathed a sigh of relief with the welcomed Iraqi decision to readmit the UN Weapons Inspectors, without conditions, into Iraq. We hope that this decision will be efficacious in resolving this problem which could be fraught with unforeseen consequences for the whole world. In general, we support the collective judgement of the United Nations rather than any rash unilateral action by any one or two member States.

Samoa
H.E. The Honourable Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs
17 September 2002

Iraq remains in violation of Security Council resolutions. It has done so for a considerable time. Far too long.

We commend Secretary-General Kofi Annan for his repeated efforts to encourage compliance. We think there must be full compliance with obligations under the Security Council resolutions. Compliance without preconditions. Without delay.

We welcome the wide acknowledgement in the statements we have heard in this debate that actions that need to be taken will be taken within the framework of the United Nations, and with the authority of the Security Council.

Our concern about Iraq reflects, in part, our very serious concern about the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction - chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. These weapons pose an immediate and major threat to international peace and security. The international agreements and systems to control the development and spread of weapons of mass destruction, and to eliminate them, must be strengthened and must be implemented.

San Marino
H.E. Mr. Augusto Casali, Minister For Foreign And Political Affairs
18 September 2002

Most recently, further tensions have grown because of the potential war that could be waged on Iraq to remove its President Saddam Hussein. Undoubtedly, the Republic ofSan Marino can neither tolerate nor accept that the world be kept as hostage by dictators without scruples and absolutely unreliable, probably willing and able to jeopardizeinternational security. Yet, any action, including military intervention as a last resort, would in any case require the consensus and authorization of the UN. Therefore, myGovernment fully shares Secretary General Annan's analysis, especially where he states that, if Iraq's challenge persists, the Security Council will have to take its ownresponsibilities.

Sao Tome And Principe
H.E. Mr. Fradique Bandeira Melo De Menezes, President
12 September 2002

I commend the President of the United States for coming to New York to consult and to confer with those who represent the community of nations. This act is consistent with the finest and most admirable American tradition. If I can use Thomas Jefferson's words in the Declaration of Independence of the United States, I will say 'that President Bush's decision to address the UN on the subject of Iraq shows a "decent respect for the opinions of mankind".

Saudi Arabia
His Royal Highness Prince Saud Al-Faisal (Delivered On Behalf Of), Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

There is another problem which has reached crisis proportions, and which has become a source of grave danger to the security and stability of the Middle East; namely, the issue of Iraq and its implementation of the resolutions of the Security Council. President Bush mentioned in his speech before the General Assembly the need to refer this matter to the Security Council for the appropriate resolutions. This represents a new and positive trend. Without a doubt, this step has paved the way for a new climate, one which recently resulted in the decision of the Iraqi government to allow the unconditional return of inspectors. This development, which will avert confrontation through diplomatic means, shows that a positive step, in most cases, will lead to a reciprocal positive step. It is appropriate, at this point, to express satisfaction with the Iraqi government's prompt response to the call of the Ministerial Committee of the Arab League, which met on the sidelines of the General Assembly. We believe that the responsibility now lies with the Security Council to undertake serious efforts alleviate the suffering of the fraternal Iraqi people.

Slovakia
H.E. Mr. Eduard Kukan, Minister For Foreign Affairs
19 September 2002

The resolutions adopted by the Security Council under Chapter VII of the UN Charter are legally binding. The failure of any member state to fulfill the requirements of the resolutions constitutes a breach of the UN Charter. The international community has in such cases the right to enforce the rule of law. We have carefully noted the decision of the Government of Iraq announced earlier this week to allow the return of UN weapons inspectors without conditions. Yet, this decision needs to be matched with further concrete steps which would provide for the swift and full implementation of the relevant Security Council resolutions.