Patterns of sexual violence are often embedded in and compounded by underlying structural conditions such as inequality, gender-based discrimination and the violations of minority rights. The empowerment of women is therefore a key ingredient of an effective response. This requires increased representation of women in mechanisms to address conflicts and the incorporation of a gender perspective in conflict resolution and peace processes.
In Syria, sexual violence has been used as tactic of war and as part of an attack against the civilian population, committed by various parties to the conflict, with rampant impunity. It is shocking in particular that not a single member of ISIL has been prosecuted for sexual violence offenses as of yet. The International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism (IIIM), created by the General Assembly in light of the paralysis in the Security Council, has made sexual and gender-based violence a priority of its work. We call on all States to cooperate with the IIIM, by sharing relevant information and through financial support. Accountability is an essential part of the fight against conflict-related sexual violence. International criminal justice mechanisms have done groundbreaking work.