The regime's security and military forces do not spare children from arrest, arbitrary detention, ill treatment and fatal torture. The violations perpertrated by the regime include the use of children as human shields, sexual and physical violence, and massacres of civilians, including babies. Children, who are especially vulnerable to hunger and disease, are obviously the main victims of the regime's policy of starving Syrian towns and villages. They are also largely affected by the massive destruction inflicted upon the health-care sector in Syria. It is alarming, that as a result of the crisis, polio has re-emerged in Syria.