This page contains statements made during the General Debate of the 68th session of the General Assembly 24 September – 2 October 2013. The Gender Index includes all references to gender, women, females, girls, gender equality, violence against women and participation made in statements delivered during the General Debate.
Only statements with references to Gender, Women, Peace and Security are posted on this page.
(For disarmament see: reachingcriticalwill.org)
During the debate, the General- Secretary Ban Ki-moon, the President of the General Assembly, John W. Ashe, and representatives from 195 member states and observers put forth their concerns, positions and priorities to the Assembly under the theme “Post-2015 Development Agenda: Setting the Stage”.
Many of the speakers condemned the crisis in Syria, the use of chemical weapons, and killings of civilians, especially women, children, and disabled. In relation to Syria, many member states also welcomed the Security Council's resolution endorsing verification and destruction of Syria's chemical stockpiles. Moreover, a considerable number of delegates stressed the need to support sustainable development and human rights in the new Post-2015 development agenda. They also raised concerns and challenges posed by climate change on poor and vulnerable countries and called for global initiatives to address the issue in a timely manner.
Out of a total of 196 analyzed statements, 95 contained general statements on women and gender issues. Out of these statements around 44 countries made specific reference to women in terms of participation, human rights, peace processes, and other specific thematic issues. During the debate most of the member states highlighted the importance of increasing women's participation in all areas of decision-making. They recognized the significance of empowering women in order to improve governance, development, and justice. For instance, Sweden claimed, “…by ensuring gender equality you also improve a country's productivity, economy, and rule of law”. Likewise, Belgium stated that member states are obligated to uphold women's rights: “Law should guarantee individuals freedom. Freedom, it is also the right of young women to study, to choose themselves their partner or to remain single. Freedom, it is also the right for women to move into the public space as they want.”
This year there was a sharp increase in the number of delegates that referred to women in the context of conflict. As opposed to 5 countries in the previous year, 18 member states expressed concerns over the use of sexual and gender-based violence in conflict. However, with the exception of few countries (Japan, Liechtenstein, Sweden), most states treated women as victims of war rather than active agents of peace and security. State members called for greater initiatives to eradicate sexual violence in war and to facilitate access to justice and improved provision of services to victims. The United Kingdom, Liechtenstein, and Korea supported the UK's Preventing Sexual Violence Initiatives (PSVI), which aims to strengthen international efforts to respond to sexual violence in conflict including through capacity-building and through efforts to end impunity for survivors. Consistent with the Security Council Resolution 1325, Denmark, Croatia, and Sweden vowed to strengthen women's equal and full participation in conflict prevention, peacekeeping, and peace-building missions. Montenegro, Serbia, and Netherlands explicitly mentioned the Security Council Resolution 1325 and pledged to fully implement it.
It should also be pointed out that the number of female speakers during the general debate was diminishingly low. Out of 196 statements, 14 were delivered by female representatives (Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Barbados, Brazil, Costa Rica, Honduras, Jamaica, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malawi, Maldives, Trinidad and Tobago). Eight of them referred to women or gender issues in general terms, and two specifically spoke about women in the context of peace and security. No member state spoke of women in connection to the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), arms trade more generally, disarmament, or nonproliferation.
The Prime Minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe delivered a noteworthy statement when he declared that women are the driving engine of a society. He affirmed a “Womenomic” approach to development, which stressed how the advancement of women lead to a higher growth rates. In his statement, His Excellency affirmed Japan's plan to develop a national action plan regarding women, peace, and security, in cooperation with people working at the grass-roots level. He assured that: “Japan intends to make efforts towards measures that will ensure the participation of women at all stages, including the prevention and resolution of conflicts, as well as peacebuilding, safeguarding the rights and physical well-being of women who are exposed to danger in times of conflicts.” By endorsing women's participation and empowerment he declared his commitment to creating a “society in which women shine."
Australia and Sweden underlined the importance of women's participation in peace processes. Sweden claimed that “Inclusion of women in peace processes makes peace easier and more stable.” Bangladesh highlighted their progress in women's high level political participation in government and judicial system. It has reserved 30% of seats in public sector to encourage and promote women's participation.